ss - chapter 7

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The Open Door Policy - spheres of influence (America Expands Further chapter 7 - 3, card 5): 1. gave U.S. power in East Asia
2. base near China
3. Great Britain, France, Germany & Russia seizing spheres of influence
4. Americans afraid might not be able to expand their share of Chinese market
5. 1850s U.S. forced Japan open to U.S. trade, but not China
The Purchase of Alaska - Congress (Extending America's Influence Chapter 7 - 1, card 4): 1. approved deal
2. people called it "Seward's Folly"
American Influence in Hawaii - Hawaiian monarch (Extending America's Influence Chapter 7 - 1, card 7): 1. power declined
2. adopted American practices
3. by 1840, established constitution - parts of U.S. Constitution
The Open Door Policy (America Expands Further chapter 7 - 3, card 8): 1. U.S. opposed carving up China by foreign nations
2. all nations equal trade rights in China
The Panama Canal (Policing the Western Hemisphere Chapter 7 - 4 card 1): 1. link between Atlantic and Pacific Oceans
2. 1880s private French Company
* spent a lot of money
* little progress, bankrupt
* sold rights to U.S. for $40 million
The Pursuit of Pancho Villa - GENERAL JOHN J. PERSHING (Policing the Western Hemisphere Chapter 7 - 4 card 16): 1. sent to capture Villa
2. would have to invade Mexico
3. Carranza angered
4. invasion called off
5. Carranza has new national constitution for Mexico
Battling the Spanish - The Philippines (The Spanish-American War chapter 7 - 2, card 8): 1. Commodore George Dewey in Hong Kong
2. China Sea to Philippine capital of Manila
3. U.S. fleet outgunned Spanish warships guarding Manila
4. Spanish fleet smashed
The Pursuit of Pancho Villa - Wilson (Policing the Western Hemisphere Chapter 7 - 4 card 15): 1. recognized Carranza government
2. Villa angry and killed 35 Americans
American influence in Hawaii - missionaries (Extending America's Influence Chapter 7 - 1, card 6): 1. hoped to convert Hawaiians to Christianity
* built houses
* raised crops
* mid 1800s cultivated sugar
* by Civil War, dominated economy and government
Fighting in the Philippines - war and peace (America Expands Further chapter 7 - 3, card 4): 1. 70,000 troops sent
2. many Americans against war
3. 4,000 Americans & 200,000 Filipinos killed
4. revolt over, but opposition to imperialism growing in U.S.
Wilson and Mexico - PRES. WILSON (Policing the Western Hemisphere Chapter 7 - 4 card 9): 1. U.S. did not need any more territory since no foreign enemy
2. U.S. duty to help its neighbors
The Purchase of Alaska - William Seward (Extending America's Influence Chapter 7 - 1, card 3): 1. Little Known about Alaska in late 1800s
2.Secretary of State
3. Purchased from Russia March 1867 $7.2 million
4. Congress did not know about it, presented with treaty
5. launched nationwide campaign
* fish, furs, lumber
* increase influence in northern Pacific
What is expansionism? (Extending America's Influence Chapter 7 - 1, card 2): By 1900 some wanted more of North and South America as U.S. including islands in the Pacific.
The Panama Canal - HAY BUNAU VARILLA TREATY (Policing the Western Hemisphere Chapter 7 - 4 card 4): 1. U.S. 10 mile wide canal zone
2. money to Panama, not Columbia
Swaying public opinion - U.S. (The Spanish-American War chapter 7 - 2, card 4): 1. sympathized
2. Cuban revolutionaries established committees (juntas)
3. U.S. raised money, spread propaganda, and recruited volunteers
4. private letter intercepted - Spanish minister called Pres. McKinley "would be politican"
5. Americans OUTRAGED!!
The Panama Canal - PRES. TEDDY ROOSEVELT (Policing the Western Hemisphere Chapter 7 - 4 card 3): 1. supported rebellion in Panama vs Columbians
2. faced USS Nashville
3. Columbians retreated
4. Republic of Panama 1903
Battling the Spanish - Fighting in Cuba (The Spanish-American War chapter 7 - 2, card 9): 1. 200,000 volunteered
2. Teddy Roosevelt Lt. Col. 1st volunteer cavalry
3. Rough Riders made up of cowboys, Indians, ranchers, college graduates
4. Spanish Commander Admiral Pascual Cervera hid in Santiago Harbor
5. major battles at EL CANEY and SAN JUAN HILL
6. Spanish fleet escaped and defeated
7. Puerto Rico free
8. war over August
Political Disputes in Hawaii - Queen Liliuokalani (Extending America's Influence Chapter 7 - 1, card 12): 1. King K's sister
2. resented American influence
3. 1893 Queen L. announced new constitution that strengthened monarchy
Involvement in the Americas - ROOSEVELT COROLLARY (Policing the Western Hemisphere Chapter 7 - 4 card 7): 1. European interference in western Hemisphere violated Monroe Doctrine
2. U.S. must make nations in West. Hemisphere pay back debt
3. did not want to colonize Dominican Republic
The Open Door Policy - JOHN HAY (America Expands Further chapter 7 - 3, card 6): 1. 1899
2. secretary of state
3. all European nations and Japan trade equally with China
4. Open Door note to protect U.S. trade
Cuba (The Spanish-American War chapter 7 - 2, card 1): 1. one of few Spanish colonies that did not rebel
2. last important colonial possession in Americas
3. 1868 - 1878 revolution failed
4. 1895 revolution
* independence
* surprise attacks and guerrilla warfare
* burned sugarcane fields, blocked RR, ambushed soldiers
The Purchase of Alaska - cost (Extending America's Influence Chapter 7 - 1, card 5): 1. 2 cents an acre
2. twice the size of Texas
3. lumber, gold, copper, and other metals
4. today oil and natural gas
American influence in Hawaii - McKinley Tariff of 1890 (Extending America's Influence Chapter 7 - 1, card 10): 1. Congress
2. took away special advantage of Hawaiians
3. sugar producers in U.S. received subsidy
4. prices fell and Hawaiian economy suffered
Political Disputes in Hawaii - outcome (Extending America's Influence Chapter 7 - 1, card 13): 1. Americans organized revolution
2. 150 marines
3. no shots fired
4. islands annexed 1898
Fighting in the Philippines - EMILIO AGUINALDO (America Expands Further chapter 7 - 3, card 3): 1.Filipino people against U.S. rule
2. Commodore Dewey helped exile leader Emilio Aguinaldo
3. Aguinaldo declared Philippines independent
4. U.S. wanted to take over
5. Aguinaldo organized revolt against U.S.
Jose Marti (The Spanish-American War chapter 7 - 2, card 2): 1. critic of Spanish rule
2. exiled to NY 1879
3. urged others to return to fight
4. he returned, was killed, and became a hero
American influence in Hawaii - King Kalakauna (Extending America's Influence Chapter 7 - 1, card 8): 1. close ties with American sugar planters
2. government corrupt
3. replaced advisers with foreigners
War is declared - President McKinley (The Spanish-American War chapter 7 - 2, card 6): 1. determined to stop fighting in Cuba
* no concentration camps
* truce with rebels
* self government for Cuba
2. after sinking, Spain willing to stop
3. rebels wanted independence; Spain against it
4. April 11, 1898, asks Congress for power to support Cuba; Congress agreed
Involvement in the Americas - PRES. ROOSEVELT (Policing the Western Hemisphere Chapter 7 - 4 card 6): 1. Panama Canal
2. interested in keeping European nations out of Latin American governments
* Americans and Europeans saw Latin America as source of investment
* high risk loans
* European government sent in troops if not repaid
Valeriano Weyler (The Spanish-American War chapter 7 - 2, card 3): 1. Spanish governor-elect
2. farm people in reconcentrados or concentration camps
3. 100,000 Cubans died
Wilson and Mexico - MEXICAN REVOLUTION (Policing the Western Hemisphere Chapter 7 - 4 card 10): 1. 1910
2. against dictator Portirio Diaz
3. American investments threatened
4. many Mexicans entering U.S. illegally
Wilson and Mexico - ABC Powers (Policing the Western Hemisphere Chapter 7 - 4 card 13): 1. Argentina
Brazil
Chile
2. peaceful settlements
3. crisis ends
4. Carranza forced Huerta from power
American influence in Hawaii - 1875 Treaty (Extending America's Influence Chapter 7 - 1, card 9): 1. allowed Hawaiian sugar to enter U.S. without tariff
2. King Kalakaua agreed not to give territory or special privledges to other nations
3. stimulated sugar production and increased U.S. power in island
4. American families formed corporations and hired low paid Chinese and Japanese to work
5. amount of sugar shipped increased
The Pursuit of Pancho Villa - PANCHO VILLA (Policing the Western Hemisphere Chapter 7 - 4 card 14): 1. rebelled against Carranza
2. supported by Wilson
3. interested in improving lives of poor Mexicans
4. strongly anti-American and Carranza's forces stronger than Villa's
The Treaty Controversy (America Expands Further chapter 7 - 3, card 1): 1. U.S. freed Cuba from Spain
2. America wanted colonial empire starting with Philippines
* educate Filipinos
* Christianize them (already Christians under Spain)
The Panama Canal - outcome (Policing the Western Hemisphere Chapter 7 - 4 card 5): 1. 1906 - 1914 to build
2. U.S. gave $25 million to Columbia
What is isolationism? (Extending America's Influence Chapter 7 - 1, card 1): 1. by 1850s people spread across North American continent
2. late 1800s open frontiers almost disappeared
3. Europe and Great Britain
expanding late 1800s
4. America had isolationism (keep out of foreign affairs and stop expansion)
Swaying public opinion - U.S.S. Maine (The Spanish-American War chapter 7 - 2, card 5): 1. exploded Havana Harbor - cause unknown
2. 260 killed
3. support for war grew
4. Pres. McKinley wanted to avoid war
Political Disputes in Hawaii - King Kalakaua (Extending America's Influence Chapter 7 - 1, card 11): 1. U.S. businessmen formed secret organization
2. 1887 forced King K. to accept new constitution - power in American hands
3. 1891 King died
The Open Door Policy - Boxer Rebellion (America Expands Further chapter 7 - 3, card 7): 1. Chinese protest
2. Boxers attacked foreigners in Beijing and other parts China
3. destroyed foreign property, killed missionaries etc.
4. international army; 2500 Americans
5. rescued foreign civilians and defeated Boxers
The Treaty Controversy - peace terms (America Expands Further chapter 7 - 3, card 2): 1. July 1898
2. demanded possession of Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam
3. Spain objected, but gave in
4. U.S. paid $20 million
5. many people in U.S. opposed treaty with Spain
* imperialism (controlling overseas colonies by force) un-American
* formed Anti-Imperialist League
6. Senate approved Treaty anyway
Wilson and Mexico - 1914 (Policing the Western Hemisphere Chapter 7 - 4 card 12): 1. U.S. sailors arrested
2. released, but international incident
3. Wilson sent naval force to underthrow Huerta
4. 19 sailors & 100 Mexicans killed
5. Carranza and Huerta join together vs U.S.
War is declared - Teller Amendment (The Spanish-American War chapter 7 - 2, card 7): 1. Senator Henry M. Teller of Colorado
2. U.S. had no intention of taking or controlling Cuba
3. Spain given 3 days
Involvement in the Americas - DOLLAR DIPLOMACY (Policing the Western Hemisphere Chapter 7 - 4 card 8): 1. Pres. Wm. Howard Taft
2. 1909
3. used economic methods more than military force
4. invested in Cuba and Dominican Republic for stable economy and government
Wilson and Mexico - LEADERS (Policing the Western Hemisphere Chapter 7 - 4 card 11): 1. FRANCISCO MADERO
* forced Diaz to resign
* murdered by:
2. GENERAL VICTORIANO HUERTA
* military dictatorship
* U.S. refused to recognize him as a leader
3. VENUSTIANO CARRANZA
* led new revolt
* U.S. would persuade Carranza to stop, if free elections; Mexicans resented U.S.
The Panama Canal - JOHN HAY (Policing the Western Hemisphere Chapter 7 - 4 card 2): 1. 1903
2. Columbia wanted to lease canal zone for $10 million + $250,000 a year
3. treaty approved by Congress
4. Columbia wanted more money

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Number of cards 46