Biology Final II
Terms
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- What are the six functions of proteins?
- enzymes, channels, structure, movement, communcication, gene regulation
- What are the three types of RNA?
- messenger, ribosomal, transfter
- Where does transcription and translation occur?
-
transcription-nucleus
translation-cytoplasm - What is the formula for photosynthesis?
- 6CO2+6H20->C6H12O6+6O2
- What are the three stages of cellular respiration?
- glycolysis, krebs cycle, ETC
- What does photosynthesis require in addition to water and carbon dioxide?
- sunlight
- Plants gather the suns energy with light-absorbing molecules called?
- pigments
- What regions of the spectrum does the chlorophyll absorb light well?
- red and blue
- Where do the light-dependent reactions take placE?
- thylakoid membrane
- What does the calvin cycle use to produce high-energy sugars?
- ATP, NADPH, Co2
- The energy from the elctrons moving down the ETC is used to move H+ ions accross the?
- inner membrane
- What is the gain in ATP from aerobic respiration>
- 36 ATP
- metabolsim
- sum of all chemical reactions in an organism
- coupled
- refers to reactions that occur together
- anabolism
- reactions that build large molecules from small ones
- potential
- stored energy
- exothermic
- describes chemical reactions in which energy is released
- kinetic
- energy of motion
- catabolism
- general term for reactions that break down large molecules
- chemical
- high energy bonds in ATP
- endothermic
- describes chemical reactions in which energy is absorbed
- What determines climate?
- green house effect, latitute, heat transport inthe biosphere
- What are the 7 essential functions of animals?
- feeding, respiration, circulation, excretion, response, movement, reproduction
- zygote
- fertilized egg
- protosome
- oraganism shoe mouth forms from blastopore
- deuterosome
- organism whose anus forms from blastopore
- What are the four characteristics of chordates?
- tail that extends beyond the anus, dorsal hollow nerve tube, notochord, pharyngeal pouches
- What are the 8 chracteristics of mammals?
- hair, mammary glands,jawjoint allowing sideways movement, complex teeth replaced once, endothermic, subctaneous fat,live youung,4chambered heart
- List three metabolic wastes
- excess salts, CO2, urea
- urea
- toxic product of amino acid metabolism
- What do the skins and lungs release?
- water, salts, Co2
- What are the two main parts of the kidney?
-
inner-renal medulla
outer-renal cortex - nephron
- smal independent processing until to remove wastes
- glomerulus
- small network of capillaires carries blood to Bowmans Capsule
- Bowmans Capsule
- cup shaped structure surrounding the glomerulus. Site of filtration
- Loop of Henle
- section of kindey nephron where H20 is reabsorbed
- uretha
- tube leading from bladder to outside
- renal vein
- returns filtered blood to circulation
- renal artery
- carries waste laden blood to the kidney