Unit 1-biology
Terms
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- What is science
- science is a body of knowledge and a process for gaining knowledge about our world as a result of info which is learned using carefully planned study methods
- WHat is biology
- biology is the study of living things, the process of living things, interaction between living thing and living thing, and non living things
- What is the sicentific method
- the technique used to solve problems and gain info though logical thinking, the squence is critical
- steps of the scientific method
- Define the problem, Gather relevant research, make hypothesis, test it, record observations, and draw a conclusion
- DIfference between an independent variable and a dependent variable
- AN independent variable is the factor tht manipulates your set-up in ourder to test the hypothesis and the dependent variable changes as result to the independent variable
- control
- second set-up with no variable involved for comparison reasons
- Conclusion are based on what
- the outcome not the hypothesis-if the experiment supports the hypothesis it has been verified
- if hypothesis is varified ....
- retest results and record and share them
- what is the metric system
- most commonly used system based on units of ten aNd is more accurate and easier to use
- What are the prefixes
- kilo, hecto, deka, base unti, deci, centi, milli, micro
- how are liquids measured
- they are measured in a graduated cylinder liquid is poure d onto the mwniscus and read from the bottom of it
- What is the freexing point, and boiling point of water, and what is the normal body temp
- 0 degrees celcius, 100 degrees celcius, and 37 degrees celcius
- can u add or subtact unlike units units
- no u can unlike add or subtract like untis
- WHat is a data table used for
- to record numerical data
- what do bar grpahs show
- the only show comparisons
- what do line graphs show
- they show relationships between 2 variables
- where is the independent and dependent variable on a line graph
- the independent is on the x and dependent on the y
- what does every grpah need
- units, title, key/legend
- Taxonomy is ...
- the sicence of classification
- hwy do we classify
- common language, structural similarities, and ancestrial similarites
- List the the levels of classification in order from general to most specific
- kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
- Speicies is ....
- a group of organism that are similar in structue, can mate under natural conditions to produce feritle offspring
- What is the linnean classification system
- uses homologies to group species into larger or more general catigories and is the foundation for more modern classification
- What is binomial Nomenclature
- the two name namming system-> first name is genus and is capitalized or underlined/italicized second name is epithet name-> DONT CAPITALIZE and underline/italicize
- what is the 5 kingdom classification system
- if it is prokaryotic or eukaryotic, mutlicellular or unicellular, sexual or asexual, autotrophic or hetertrophic, aerobic or anaerobic, homologous, analogous, or vestigal structures
- What is the diff between prokaryotic and eukaryotic
- eukaryotic is complex and prokaytoic is simple
- What is the diff bewtween autotrophic and heterotrophic
- Autotrophic sythesizes own food heterotrophic feeds off other organisms
- what is an homologous structre
- are similar anatomically but different in purpose
- what is an analogous structure
- similar functions but are different anatomically
- Vestigal structures
- serve no purpose but have been passed own through generations
- WWhat are the 5 kingdoms
- monera, plants, protista, animal, fungi
- 3 characterisitcs of monera are..
- prokauyotic, small circular DNA w/e protiens, reproduce thorugh fision or budding,lack membrane-bound organelles
- What is the diff between archaea and eubacteria
- Archaea has distinct ribosomal RNA and represnts first organisms Eubacteria is autotrophic or heterotrophic or aerobic or anaerobic
- 3 characteristics of protista are...
- eukaryotic microorganisms, typically aquatic, and is the left over kingdom ie:amoebas and algae
- 3 characteristics of fungi are ...
- eukaryotic, multicellular w/ cell walls, heterotrophic decomposers, and non-mobile ie: molds and mushrooms
- 3 characteristics of plants ...
- eukaryotic, multicellualr w/ cellulose cell wall, photoautotrophiv ie trees mosses ferns
- 3 characteristics of Animalia
- eukaryotic, motile, multicellular, &heterotrophiv
- what is the human phylogeny
- Kingdom= animalia -> Phylum=chordata -> class= mammalia -> order=primates -> family=hominidae -> Genus= HOMO -> species -> homo sapiens
- primates can ...
- see in 3-D, have complex brains and athumbs and flexible shoulders
- humans are primates b/c ..
- we have thumbs, brains, & 3-D eyes nucleotide sequences in DNA,humans probaly evolved form african apes
- what is life
- no single definition
- Metabolism is
- the chemical reaction occuring within the cells of an organism
- Respiration is..
- how an organism OBTAINS ENERGY from food in order to live
- Nutrition is ...
- All actvities done to get materails from enviro and prepare them for use
- Steps of nutrition
- indegestion -> taking material form enviro degestion -> breaking them down Egrestion -> oassing of waste that can't be digested or used
- Excertion is ...
- removal of waste products that an organism itself has made
- Transport is ...
- Aborsptions & distrobution of material whtin
- Synthesis is ..
- process by which organism builds large molocules fom little ones
- Growth is ....
- using sythesis to increase cell size/number
- Reproduction is ...
- production of new individuals that must occur efor species to survive
- Regulation is ...
- response to stimuli
- Homeostasis is ...
- condition of a constant internal enviro at all times ie body temp amount of glucose