Physics Final
A study guide for physics
Terms
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- mass
- A measure of an object's interia; also measure of the amount of matter in an object. Depends only on the amount o and kind particles that compose an object- not n its location (as weght does).
- Newtons Second Law
- The acceleration produced by a net force on a body is directly proportional to the magntude of the net force, is in the same direction as the net force, and is inversely proportional to the mass of the body.
- speed
- How fast swomething is moving; the path distance moved per time. The magnitude of the velocity vector.
- Impulse
- The quantity force x time intervial. The greater the impulse exerted on something, the greater will be the change in momentum.
- Different types of energy
- Mechanical/potential/kinetic
- Electrostatics
- The study of electric charges at rest
- Differencebetween vector and sclar quanity
- A vector uses distance and a scalar hasno direction.
- air resistance
- Friction, or drag, that acts on something moving through air.
- potential energy
- Energy of position, usally related to the realtive postion of two things, such as a stone and the earth, or an electron and nucelus.
- work
- The product of the force on an object and the distance through which the objectis moved (when force is constant and motion is in a straight line in the direction of the force); measured in joules.
- pressure
- Force per surface area where the force is normal to the surfac; measured in pascals
- power
- Rate at which work is done or energy is transformed, equal to the work done or energy transformed divded by time; measured in watts.
- conservation of energy
- Energy can not be created or distroyed. It can be transformed form one from to another form, but the total aount of energy never changes.
- Newton's 3rd Law
- Whenever one body exerts a force on a second body, the second body exerts an equal and opposite forcec on the first
- Collosin inelastic
- A collosion in which the colliding objects become distored and/ or generate heat during the collision.
- Collosin elastic
- Collision in which colliding objects rebound without lasting deformtion or heat generation.
- scalar
- A quanity in physics, such as mass, volume, and time, that can be completely specified by its magnitude, and has no direction.
- Fnet
- Directly propotional to the magnitude of the net forc, is in the same direction as the net force, and is inversely propotional to the mass of the object.
- terminoal velocity
- Terminal speed together with the direction of motion ( down for falling objects).
- Friction
- Is the name given to the force that acts between materials that touch as they move past each other. Caused by the irregularities in the surfaces of objects that are touching.
- acceleration
- The rate at wich velocity is changing. The change may be in magnitude, direction or both.
- conservation of charge
- Charge is conserved in every event, wither large-sacle or at the atomic and nuclear level, the principle of conversation applies. No case of the creation or destruction of net electric charge has ever been found the conservation of charge is coner stone in physics, ranking with the conservation of energy and momentum.
- velocity
- Speed together with the direction of motion.
- speed
- How fast something is moving; the path distance moved per time. The magnitude of the velocity vector.
- kinetic energy
- Energy of motion, equal ( non reletivlistically) to have the mass multiplyed by the speed squared.
- force
- Any fluence that tends to accelerate an object; a push or pull; measured in newtons. A vector quanity.
- weight
- The force on a body due to th egravintational attraction of another body (commonly the earth).
- equilibrium
- In general,a state of balance. Example: The state of a body on which no net force acts. The state of a body on which the processes of evaporation and cindensation are taking place at equal rates.
- conversation of momentum
- Which states the absence of an exteranl force, the momentum of a system remains unchanged.
- interia
- The reluctance of any body to change its state of motion. Mass is the measurse of interia.
- vector
- A quanity in physics, such as force, that has both magnitude and direction.