Last A&P Test
Terms
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- Olfactory Nerve
- Sense of Smell
- Optic Nerve
- Vision
- Occulomotor Nerve
- Eye Movement, Pupil Constriction,Eye lid control
- Trochlear
- Down and inward eye movement. Oblique Movement
- Trigeminal Nerve
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3 Branches to face
Top 2 Sensory
Mandibular one is Mixed sensory and motor - Abducen Nerve
- Lateral movement of the eye
- Facial Nerve
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Facial sensation and motor control
Taste on anterior 2/3 of tongue - Accustic Nerve
- Hearing and Balance
- Glossopharyngeal
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Swallowing
taste Posterior 1/3 tongue - Vagus
- Visceral autonomic
- Spinal Accessory Nerve
- Movement of shoulder girdle
- Hypoglossal
- tongue movement
- Location and function of Medulla Oblongata
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first portion of brain stem
1. Relays sensory informaiton to thalamus and to other portions of the brain stem
2. Autonomic centers for regulation of visceral function (cardiovascular, respiratory, and digestive system activities - Location and Function of Pons
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Brainstem above Medulla Oblongata and below the Mesencephalon
1. Relays sensory informaiton to cerebellum and thalamus
2. Subconscious somatic and visceral motor centers - Location and Function of Midbrain (Mesencephalon
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Above the pons and below the Diencephalon.
1. Processing of visual and auditory data
2. Generation of reflexive somatic motor responses
Maintenance of consciousness - Location and Function of Hypothalamus and Thalamus
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Superior portion of brain stem above the Mesencephalon
Thalamus - Relay and processing centers for sensory information
Hypothalamus - Centers controlling emotions, autonomic functions, and hormone production - Location and Function of Cerebellum
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Posterior to the brainstem under the cerebrum
1. Coordinates complex somatic motor patterns
2. Adjusts output of other somatic motor centers in brain and spinal cord. - Limbic system functions (3)
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1. Establishes emotions states
2. Linkes the conscious, intellectual functions of the cerebral cortex with the unconscious and autonomic functions of the brain stem
3. Facilitates memory storage and retrieval - Frontal lobe function
- Voluntary control of skeletal muscle
- Function of Parietal Lobe
- Conscious perception of touch, pressure, vibration, pain, temperature, and taste
- Function of Occipital lobe
- Conscious perception of visual stimuli
- Temporal Lobe Function
- Copnscious perception of auditory and olfactory stimuli
- Location and function of Wernicke's area
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Also called the general interpretive area. Plays an essential role in your personality by integrating sensory information and coordinating access to complex visual and auditory memories.
Location kinda at the junction of the temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes. Makes sensce that it would associate all of them - Location and function of Broca's Area
- Also called the speech center it regulates the patterns of breathing and volcalizaiton needed for normal speech. It is located anterior to the Wernicke's area. At the junction of the frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes.
- Function of the prefrontal cortex
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coordinates infromation relayed from the association areas of hte entire cortex allowing it to perform abstract intellectual functions as predicting the consequences of events or actions
Think Pre as in predict. yeah - Adrenergic
- norepinephrine is released
- Cholinergic
- ACh is released
- What is the main neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic nervous system
- ACh
- what are the two types of membrane receptors and there responses in the parasympathetic nervous system
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Nicotinic - excitation
Muscarnic - long lasting and either excitatory or inhibitory. Uses G proteins - What are the three postions for a gated channel
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closed but capable of opening
open (activated)
closed and incapable of opening (incactive) - What are the three types of gated channels
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Chemically regulated
Voltage-regulated
Mechanically regulated - What are the three levels of menengis from outside to in
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Dura mater
Arachnoid
Pia mater - Where is the CSF in the meninges
- subarachnoid
- Alpha 1 receptors
- Function is to release intracellular calcium ions which generally has an excitatory effect. This is true in the constriction of peripheral blood vessels
- Alpha 2 Receptors
- Stimulation results in a lowering of cyclic-AMP (cAMP). generally has an inhibitory effect. helps coordinate sympathetic and parasympathetic activity. When the sympathetic division is active the NE released binds to parasympathetic neuromuscular and neuroglandular juncitons and inhibits their activity
- Beta 1 Receptors
- Stimulation leads to increased metabolic activity. stimulation in the heeart causes an increase in heart rate and in the force of contraction
- Beta 2 receptors
- stimulation causes inhibition, triggering a relaxation of smooth muscles along the respiratory tract. resulting in bronchodialaiton.
- Hormones of the anterior pituitary
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ACTH
GH
TSH
LH
FSH
prolactin - Hormones of the posterior pituitary
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AVH or ADH
Oxytocin - Hormones of the Thyroid
- T3 and T4
- Hormones associated with the parathyroid
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PTH
Vitamin D (which is activated by PTH at kidneys - Hormones of the pancreas
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Insulin
Glucagon - Hormones of the adrenal cortex
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Calcitrol
Aldosterone - Hormones of the adrenal medulla
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epinephrine
norepinephrine - ACTH
- stimulates the productin of calcitrol. Negative feed back which can be over ridden
- GH
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Stimulates growth of all tissues
Acts similar to glucagon
inhibited by somatostatin - TSH Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
- Stimulates thyroid hormone release
- FSH
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Stimulates ovulation in females
Stimulates sprem maturation in males - LH
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Stimulates ovulation, formation of corpus luteum, secretion of progesterone
Stimulates testosterone production in males