Cosmetology Phase 1 Final Exam
Terms
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- hanging curls that are suitable for medium-to-long hairstyles
- spiral
- a disposable supply provided to clients to avoid smudging toenail polish after a pedicure
- paper/foam slippers
- the half moon at the base of the natural nail
- lunula
- all the protoplasm of a cell that surrounds the nucleous
- cytoplasm
- chemical reactions that are characterized by or formed by giving off heat
- exothermic
- the substance secreted by the sebaceous glands
- sebum
- the fatty layer found below the dermis
- subcutaneous
- lesions of the skin are classified as primary, secondary and
- terciary
- electronic facial treatments are commonly referred to as
- electrotherapy
- the neutralizing of remaining hydroxide ions to lower the pH of the hair and scalp after a relaxer requires a
- normalizing lotion
- to provide a buffer for the skin when using a brushing machine, apply a thick layer of cleaner or
- moisturizer
- the largest and most complex nerve tissue of the body
- brain
- the primary color that provides the most depth or darkness
- blue
- the slightly thickened layer of skin that lies underneath the free edge of the nail plate
- hyponichium
- the process of removing excess bulk without shortening hair length
- texturizing
- the rays of the sun that cause sunburns and tanning and are also known as burning rays
- uvb rays
- permanent hair color applications are classified as either
- single or double process
- horizontal lines are used to create one-length and low-elevation cuts and build
- weight
- the degree of tension used on hairlines with strong growth patterns or around the ears
- minimum
- oil-absorbing masks that have an exfoliating and astringent effect, making large pores appear smaller
- clay-based
- as part of their composition, all permanent hair coloring products and lighteners contain both a developer and
- alkalizing ingredient
- wax that has a high incidence of allergic reactions and may require a path test
- beeswax
- after heating a pressing comb, the temperature of the comb should be tested using
- light paper
- products used to increase the water content of the skin surface
- moisturizers
- decolorizing the hair's natural pigment allows the colorist to create the exact degree of
- contributing pigment
- the profile that is considered to be ideal
- straight profile
- an excessive thin plte of epidermal flakes, dry or oily
- scale
- nail cosmetics and crfeams should be removed from containers using a
- spatula
- nails that are slightly tapered and extend just past the tip of the finger
- round
- nail harderners that are useful for thin, weal nail plates and that should never be applied to hard, rigid, or brittle nail plates contain
- formaldehyde
- to create curls in using rollers, the hair should be wrapped around the roller
- 2 1/2 turns
- parasites that under some conditgions may cause infections to the feet and hands
- fungi
- the three main layers of the hair shaft are the cuticle, cortex, and
- medulla layer
- the process of using galvanic current to penetrate water-soluble products containing ions into the skin is known as
- iontopheresis
- the part of the muscle at the movabole attachment to the skeleton
- insertion
- the 14 bones in the finger or digits
- phalanges
- elevation creates graduation and layers and is usually described in
- degrees
- hair flowing in the same direction, the result of follicles sloping in the same direction form a
- hair stream
- the muscle that covers the back of the neck and upper and middle region of the back and that rotates and controls the swinging movement of the arms
- trapezius
- a metal substance that is a particularly good conductor of electricity
- copper
- oily hair and scalp are caused by improper washing or overactive
- sebaceous glands
- combing small sections of hair from the ends toward the scalp to form a cushion at the base
- teasing
- the water purification process used in the manufacture of cosmetics where water is heated to a vapor then collected as a liquid
- distillation
- the deepest layer of the epidermis, the basal cell layer, is also known as the
- stratum germinativum
- large diameter pin curls tat are similar to a roller but do not have the same amount of tension
- barrel
- the press performed when the hair becomes curly again due to perspiration or dampness
- touch-up
- a kneading movement that is performed by lifting, squeezing, and pressing tissue with light, firm pressure
- petrissage
- a highly curved nail plate often called "folded nail", caused by injury to the matrix or inherited
- plicatured nail
- combs that are used for thermal curling should be made of
- hard rubber
- ductless glands that release secretion of hormones directly into the bloodstream are
- endocrine glands
- the press that removed 60 to 75 percent of the curl
- medium press
- once in the cortex, the waving solution breaks the disulfide bonds through a chemical reaction called
- reduction
- the process frequently used to treat acne and milia and soften and emulsify deposits in the hair follicles
- desincrustion
- with regard to the wave pattern or configuration, a coil is defined as a
- very tight curl pattern
- when cutting with a vertical or diagonal cutting line, the best way to maintain control of the subsection is to cut
- palm-to-palm
- shears that are designed to remove more hair, with larger teeth set farther apart
- notching shears
- a combination of a thio relaxer and a thio permanent wrapped on large rods
- soft-curl perm
- an infection that is transmitted from one person to another
- communicable
- the application of a sodium hydroxide relaxer cfauses the hair to
- swell and soften
- in the finger wave procedure, pinching or pushing a ridge with your fingers creates
- over-direction of ridge
- the therapeutic use of oils in skin care products that creates positive effects on the body, mind, and spirits
- aromatherapy
- the type of fungal infection that is characterized by red papules or spots at the opening of the hair follicle
- tinea capitis
- hydroxide chemical relaxers break disulfide bonds and convert them to
- lanthionine bonds
- the underlying or inner layer of the skin also called the derma corium, cutis, or true skin is the
- dermis
- careless electrical connections and overloaded circuits can result in an electric shock, burn or
- fire
- the fibrous protein that gives skin its flexibility and helps skin regain its shape after being expanded
- elastin
- two bones that form the sides of the head in the ear region
- parietal bones
- round-shaped pathogenic bacteria that appear singly or in groups
- cocci
- chemical-based side bonds that are formed when two sulfur-type chains are joined together are
- disulfide bonds
- if you draw blood during a manicure, the implement should be
- cleaned and disinfected
- in general, a razor should not be used on curly hair as it weakens the
- cuticle
- when removing implements from the disinfectant solution, to avoid damaging the skin or contaminating the disinfectant solution, use
- tongs
- most cells reproduce by dividing into two identical cells called
- daughter cells
- the two major categories of hair removal are classified as
- temporary and permanent
- when providing a scalp massage, use the length of the fingers, fingertip balls, and the cushions of the
- palms
- shampoos that are created by combining tghe surfactant base with basic color pigments are
- color enhancing
- the average growth of healthy scalp hair is about
- 1 inch per month
- the tissue that is pushed back and loosened with the spoon end of a metal implement is the
- eponhychium
- pressing combs with more space between the teeth produce a
- coarse press
- the tiny, involuntary muscle fiber in the skin inserted in the base of the hair follicle is the
- arrector pili
- the three different types of cross-links that form bonds between the polypeptide chains in the cortex are
- hydrogen salt and disulfide bonds
- rubber, silk, wood, and glass are common examples of
- insulators
- obvious pores on the surface of the skin indicate
- oily skin areas
- to avoid an indentation when acnchoring pin curls, do not pin across the
- circle
- the electircal appliance connection that supplies current to the circuit is the
- live connection
- electricity does not occupy spacew or have physical or chemical properties; it is, however, a form of
- energy
- rods that are equal in circumference along their entire length or curling area are
- straight rods
- sebaceous cysts or fatty tumors filled with sebum that range in size from a pea to an orange are
- steatoma
- the technique of coloring strands of hair darker than the natural color
- low lighting
- muscles that separate the fingers
- abductors
- the part of the head that is found by placing a comb flat on the side of the head
- parietal ridge
- client questionnaires used for hair removal services should contain information about client mdeciations and document
- allergies and skin disorders
- hair coloring products that change color gradually by progressive buildup and exposure to air creating a dull appearance contain
- metallic salt
- lines in haircutting that are parallel to the horizon, or the floor are
- horizontal lines
- the predominant melanin that gives black and brown color to hair
- eumelanin
- a sweet, colorless, oily substance that is used as a moisturizer in skin and body creams
- glycerin
- the system used for understanding color relationships
- law of color
- hair that is best braided slightly damp or very lightly coated with a wax or pomade to make it more pliable
- straight
- the chemical compound sodium chloride
- table salt
- the important part of the facial treatment that determines skin type, condition, and the recommended treatment
- skin analysis
- ridges running verticdally down the natural nail plate are caused by
- uneven growth and age
- lines a constant distance apart in the same direction that are used to create width in a hair design
- horizontal lines
- a line is a thin continuous mark used as a
- guide
- to avoid infection, sponge a tweezeed area frequently with cotton moistened with
- antiseptic lotion
- the part of the human hair that projects above the skin is known as the
- hair shaft
- the physical foundation of the body consisting of bones with movable and immovable joints is the
- skeletal system
- the highlight or the hue of color seen in the hair is referred to as
- tones
- the ability of hair to stretch and return to its original length without breaking is referred to as hair
- elasticity
- the level of protection required by the salon to kill most organisms, with the excfeption of bacterial spores, is
- disinfection
- on a layered haircut, if you want the hair to be longer toward the front, overdirect the sections to a stationary guide at the
- back of the ears
- the bone that forms the back of the skull above the nape is the
- occipital bone
- the nape area is defined as the area at the back part of the neck and consists of the hair below the
- occipital bone
- the element used to define texture and line and tie design elements together is
- color
- the technique of drying and styling damp hair in one operation is
- blow-dry styling
- conditioners with an acidic pH that condition and restore the natural pH of hair after a relaxer but prior to shampooing are
- normalizing solutions
- the three main types of decontamination are
- sanitation, disinfection and sterilization
- the most critical part of a color service is the
- hair color consultation
- tiny pits or severe roughness on the surface of the nail plate is an indication of
- nail psoriasis
- the absence of melanin pigmentation of the body is known as
- albanism
- a condition that results from the living skin splitting around the nail is
- agnail
- a product used in the pedicure bath to soften the skin is
- foot soak
- the resting phase or final phase of th ehair cycle that lasts until the fully grown hair is shed is the
- telogen phase
- the hair type that is very resistant to hair pressing and requires more heat and pressure is
- wiry/curly
- most acid waves have a pH value between
- 7.8 and 8.2
- pin curls that produce even, smooth waves and uniform curls are
- open center curls
- masks containing hydrators and soothing ingredients that do not dry hard and can be used on sensitive skin are
- gel masks
- clients with skin or nails that are infected, inflamed, or swollen should be referred to a
- physician
- the principle of hair design that holds all the elemnts of design together is
- harmony
- the nail that grows the slowest is on the
- thumb
- thinning hair using a sliding movement with the blades of the shear partially opened to reduce volume and create movement is
- slithering
- a client condition that might cause a negative side effect during a facial treatment is reffered to as a
- contraindication
- skin products that have a higher concentration of ingredients are
- serums
- in the restructuring process, coarse, resistant hair with a strong compact cuticle requires a chemical solution that is
- highly alkaline
- the two-step blonding procfess is also known as
- double-process coloring
- when filing the toenail during a pedicure, the nails should be filed
- straight across, rounded corners
- the inner and larger bone of the forearm, attached at the wrist and located on the side of the little finger, is the
- ulna
- products that cannot harbor the growth of pathogens have brushes that are considered to be
- self-disinfecting
- rays with short wavelengths that are the least penetrating, produce chemical effects, and kill germs are
- uv-rays
- the process of treating gray or very resistant hair to allow for better penetration of color is
- pre-softening
- cataphoresis forces acidic substances into deeper tissues using galvanic current from the
- positive towards negative poles
- a blended mixture of two or more liquids is a
- solution
- nerve tissue carries messages to the brain and is made up of special cells known as
- neurons
- wax applies to an area should be removed using
- sterile fabric strips
- an abnormal condition that occurs when skin is stretched by the nail plate and is a result of damage to the eponychium or hyponychium is
- nail ptergium
- an acid with a low pH that is the primary reducing agent in acid waves in
- glyceral monothioglycolate
- the implement used to clean fingernails and remove dust and debcris is called a
- nail brush
- the study of the functions and activities performed by the body structures is
- physiology
- the active ingredient in all hydroxide relaxers is the
- hydrogen ion
- relaxers that contain only one component are used without mixing are
- metal hydroxide relaxers