Sociology Ch3
Terms
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- The theory that people's perception of the world is controlled by the language they speak is called the...
- Sapir-Whorf hypothesis
- Which of the following is NOT a type of norm? folkway, value, law, more
- Value
- What are the types of norms
- folkway, more, law
- Sociobiologists believe that...
- most of our behavior has a biological basis
- True or false? Animals are born with instincts
- true
- a society's belief that it's important to be successful
- value
- the desire to eat when hungry
- drive
- religious rituals such as funeral rites
- cultural universal
- consists of knowledge, customs, and physical objects shared by a group
- culture
- a specific territory inhabited by people who share a common culture
- society
- innate patterns of behavior
- instincts
- automatic reaction to physical stimulus
- reflex
- impulse to reduce discomfort
- drive
- study of the biological basis of human behavior
- sociobiology
- a thing that stands for/represents something else
- symbol
- hypothesis of linguistic relativity
- theory stating that our idea of reality depends largely upon language
- rules defining appropriate/inappropriate behavior
- norms
- norms that lack moral significance
- folkways
- norms that have moral dimensions and that should be followed by members of the society
- mores
- a rule of behavior, the violation of which calls for strong punishment
- taboo
- norm formally defined and enforced by officials
- law
- rewards and punishments used to encourage people to follow norms
- sanctions
- sanctions imposed by persons given special authority
- formal sanctions
- rewards or punishments that can be applied by most members of a group
- informal sanctions
- broad ideas about what is good or desirable shared by people in society
- values
- ideas, knowledge, and beliefs that influence people's behavior
- nonmaterial culture
- ideas about the nature of reality
- beliefs
- the concrete, tangible objects of a culture
- material culture
- groupings of persons who share a social characteristic
- social categories
- a group that is part of the dominant culture but that differs from it in some important respects
- subculture
- a subculture deliberately and consciously opposed to certain central beliefs or attitudes of the dominant culture
- counterculture
- judging others in terms one's own cultural standards
- ethnocentrism
- general cultural traits that exist in all cultures
- cultural universals
- the ways in which a culture expresses universal traits
- cultural particulars