CMD 375- Language Development
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- What are the properties of Language?
-
Displacement
Arbitrariness
Productivity
Semanticity
Multilicity of Rule Systems
Language is an identity tool kit
Language is intimately linked to culture
Relexiveness -
Approx. when do complex sentences emerge?
WHAT ARE 2 GENERAL WAYS OF MAKING THEM COMPLEX?? -
Around 2-3yrs,
Embedding-RC, subordinate
Conjoining-And - Does telegraphic speech aid childrens comprehension of language?
- No, studies show children do poorly when responding to commands than those who recieve input where fuctor words remain
- What evidence is there that syntax aids children's comprehension?
- Provide children w/clues to comprehend grammar & distinguish btwn common and proper nouns
- What is the relationship between comprehension and production?
-
Comprehension- Children understand more than they can say
Production- Children can produce utterances which are more sophisticated than they comprehend. - What are two critical transitions in the aquisition of syntax?
-
1. The transition f/single words to multiple word combo.
2. The transition to complex sentences - What changes signal the childs transition to syntax?
-
1. The child uses the same word w/different intonation
2.Vertical constructions
3.Phonological regressions
4.1st 50 words are different - Define Language
- Code of ideas about the world are represented through a conventional system of arbitrary signals of communication.
- How does Moskowitz suggest that children acquire the syntactic rules of language?
- Children break down lang. in its simplest parts, then develope rules they need to put it back together. They formulate rules first and apply them across the board.
- Languages vary with respect to number of rules they have governing syntax & morphology-explain
-
Syntax-thru word order to describe things
Isolating-More word order
scrambling-bound morphemes - Why did L. Bloom suggest that a semantically based grammar would be better way to descr. children's early word combo.?
-
Be better captured by agent-action, possessor-object depending on context
---Like N+V miss distinctions - L. Bloom
- Followed child around recording that they said
- R. Brown
- 14 Morphemes
- N. Chomsky
- Introduced Transformational Generative Grammar (TGG)- way of accounting for linguistic creativity
- M. Brain
- Developed Pivot Grammar
- Before 1950's
-
Diary Studies- to study contect on child's mind
Cross-Sectional Studies - Late 1950's
- Chomsky with TGG-Addition, Deletion, Transposition, Substitution
- 1960's
- Derivational Theory of Complexity-Actives were acquired earlier than passives
- Early 1960's
- Martin Brain developed Pivot Grammar
- 1968
- search for cognitive correlates of language meaning
- substantive words
- words that represent actual objects
- Relational Words
- Describe relations between objects-there, up, more, down
- Nominal Strategy
- Some children being using Nouns in relation to verbs
- Pronominal strategy
- Use of pronouns w/other verbs or nouns
- Rich Interpretation
- context which an utterance is produced provides a key for the analyst
- Sentential Coordination
- 2 or more complete sentence are conjoined
- phrasal coordination
- phrases with in the sentence are conjoined
- vertical constructions
- multiple single words that are thematically related yet each word is under a seperate intonation contour
- Complex sentence
- a sentence composed of at least 1 main clause and 1 subordinate clause
- Transitive verb
- expects a direct object
- Intransitive verb
- does not expect a direct object