Protists, Ch. 20
Terms
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- Conjugation
- Exchange of genetic information in ciliates
- Food vacuole
- Vacuole in cytoplasm that stores food, sarcodines surround a food source, create a vacuole and digest it.
- Micronucleus
- "Reserve copy" of all cell genes
- Zooflagellates
- Protozoans that move through the use of flagella, absorb nutrients through cell membrane
- Diatoms
- Produce thin, delicate cell walls rich in Silicon
- Oomycetes
- Funguslike protists that thrive on decaying organic matter in water and some plant parasites on land
- Slime molds
- Funguslike protist that recycle organic material
- Chrysophytes
- Plantlike protists with bright yellow pigments in the chloroplasts
- Pellicle
- Intricate cell membrane, folded into ribbonlike ridges, and supported by microtubules, allows Euglenas to crawl through mud.
- Alternation of generations
- Shifting between haploid and diploid cells during an organism's life cycle
- Red Algae
- Efficient at harvesting light energy, can live at great depths
- Contractile Vacuoles
- Specialized areas that collect water, contraction provides force to move
- Accessory pigments
- Pigment that absorbs light at different wavelengths and then pass energy onto chlorophyll
- Phycobilins
- Accessory pigment that absorbs blue light, found in red algae
- Macronucleus
- "Working library" of genetic information, multiple copies of essential genes for day-to-day existence
- Protist
- Eukaryotic, usually unicellular, not Plants, Animals, or Fungi
- Gullet
- Food particles are swept into the paramecium through this indentation at the side of the cell.
- Sporozoans
- Parasitic protozoans
- Protozoans
- Animal-like protists, heterotrophic protists
- Ciliates
- Protozoan that uses cilia for food and movement
- Eyespot
- Reddish pigment to help euglenophytes find sunlight
- Dinoflagellates
- Generally have two flagella, half are heterotrophic and the other half are photosynthetic, many species are luminescent
- Green Algae
- Share many characteristics with plants, contain photosynthetic pigments and cell walls
- Phytoplankton
- Population of small photosynthetic organisms found near surface of ocean, provide nourishment at base of food chain in oceans
- Funguslike Protist
- Heterotrophs that absorb nutrients from dead or decaying organic matter, however they lack the chitin found in true fungi
- Euglenophytes
- Closely related to zooflagellates, plantlike protist that has two flagella but no cell wall.
- Amoeboid movement
- Cytoplasm of cell streams into psuedopod of sarcodine and the rest of the cell follows
- Cilia
- Thin hair-like projection from the cell
- Plasmodia
- Structure formed from acellular slime molds that fuse together to produce one big unit
- Brown Algae
- Contain chlorophyll a and c, largest and most complex of the algae
- Sarcodines
- Protozoans that use move and feed through the use of pseudopods
- Anal pore
- Area where waste materials are emptied in paramecium
- Trichocysts
- Stiff projections from the cell that protect a paramecium
- Pseudopods
- "False foot," temporary cytoplasmic projections