Digestive-7
Terms
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- Shape of stomach
- "J"
- Major Portions of stomach
-
-Cardia
-Fundus
-Body
-Pylorus - Cardia
- Surrounds superior opening of stomach
- Fundus
- Rounded portion; superior and left of cardia
- Body
- Inferior to fundus, large central portion
- Pylorus
- Connects stomach to duodenum
- Greater curvature
- Convex lateral border
- Lesser curvature
- Cancave medial border
- Pyloric valve
- (sphincter) Where stomach communicates w/small intestine at duodenum
- Mucosa of stomach wall
- Simple columnar epithelial cells
- Rugae
- in stomach wall; large folds (inside)
- Gastric pits
- In stomach wall; openings that extend into lamina propria; caontain gastric glands
- Gastric glands
- occur at the bottom of gastric pits; each gland consists of 4 types of secreting cells
- Chief cell
- (zymogenic)
- Pepsigen
- chief cell; inactive for of pepsin- pepsin + HCL= pepsin (enzyme that dig. protien)
- Gastric lipase
- Works on fat in buttermilk in infants, limited in adults, pancreatic lipase is esp. important in adults
- Parietal cells
- (ocyntic)
- Hydrochloric acid
- Parietal cell; acts on pepsinogen to produce active enz. "pepsin"
- Intrinsic factor
- Needed for absorption of vitamin B12
- Mucous cells
- secrete mucous; also called mucous neck cells
- Gastric juices
- Consists of Chief(Zymogenic) cells, Parietal(oxyntic) cells, and Mucous cells
- Enteroendocrine cells
- (g cell); secrets hormones
- Stomach gastrin
-
1. Stimulates growth of gastric cells
2. Secretes gastric juices
3. Increases stomach motility
4. Relaxes pyloric & iliocecal sphincters
5. Strengthen contraction of lower esophageal sphincter - Submucosa of stomach
- Areolar conn. tissue
- 3 layers of muscularis in stomach
-
outer layer = longitudinal
middle layer = circular
inner layer = oblique - Chyme
- A soupy liquid resulting from mixing with digestive juices
- Functions of stomach
-
1. Mixing waves
2. Storage
3. Digestion - Mixing waves
- gentle rippling peristaltic movements
- Pepsin
- From interaction of pepsinogen and HCL; digests protein