med term 2006 2
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- periosteum
- outermost layer of the bone, made up of fibrous tissue
- compact bone
- dense, hard layers of bone tissue that lie underneath the periosteum
- cancellous bone
- contains little spaces like a sponge and is encased in the layers of compact bone
- endosteum
- membranous lining of the hollow cavity of the bone
- diaphysis
- shaft of the long bones
- epiphysis
- ends of the long bones
- bone marrow
- material found in the cavities of bones
- red marrow
- thick, blood-like material found in flat bones and the ends of long bones. Location of blood cell formation.
- yellow marrow
- soft, fatty material found in the medullary cavity of long bones.
- maxilla
- upper jawbone
- mandible
- lower jawbone
- vertebral column
- made up of bones called vertebrae through which the spinal cord runs. The vertebral column protects the spinal cord, supports the head, and provides a point of attachment for ribs and muscles.
- cervical vertebrae
- first set of seven bones, forming the neck
- thoracic vertebrae
- second set of 12 vertebrae, they articulate with the 12 pairs of ribs to form the outward curve of the spine.
- lumbar vertebrae
- third set of five larger vertebrae, which forms the inward curve of the spine.
- sacrum
- last set of five vertebrae, which fuse together to form a triangular bone positioned between the two hip bones.
- coccyx
- four vertebrae fused together to form the tailbone.
- lamina
- part of the vertebral arch
- clavicle
- collarbone
- scapula
- shoulder blade
- acromion
- extension of the scapula, which forms the high point of the shoulder.
- sternum
- breastbone
- xiphoid process
- lower portion of the sternum
- humerus
- upper arm bone
- ulna and radius
- lower arm bones
- carpal bones
- wrist bones
- metacarpal bones
- hand bones
- phalanges
- fingers and toes
- pelvic bone, hip bone
- made up of three bones fused together.
- ischium
- lower, rear portion of the pelvis on which one sits
- ilium
- upper, wing-shaped part on each side of the pelvis
- pubis
- anterior portion of the pelvic bone
- acetabulum
- large socket in the pelvic bone for the head of the femur.
- femur
- upper leg bone
- tibia and fibula
- lower leg bones
- patella
- kneecap
- tarsal bones
- ankle bones
- cancaneus
- heel bones
- metatarsal bones
- foot bones
- articular cartilage
- smooth layer of gristle covering the contacting surfaces of joints
- meniscus
- crescent-shaped cartilage found in the knee
- intervertebral disk
- cartilaginous pad found between the vertebrae in the spine
- pubic symphysis
- cartilaginous joint at which two pubic bones fuse together
- synovia
- fluid secreted by the synovial membrane and found in joint cavities
- bursa
- fluid-filled sac that allows for easy movement of one part of a joint over another
- ligament
- flexible, tough band of fibrous connective tissue that attaches one bone to another at a joint.
- tendon
- band of fibrous connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone
- aponeurosis
- strong sheet of tissue that acts as a tendon to attach muscles to bone
- skeletal muscles (striated muscles)
- attached to bones by tendons and make body movement possible. voluntary muscles
- smooth muscles
- located in internal organs such as the walls of blood vessels and the digestive tract. involuntary muscles.
- cardiac muscles
- forms most of the wall of the heart. its involuntary contraction produces the heart rate.
- inversion
- turning inward
- eversion
- turning outward
- extension
- movement in which a limb is placed in a straight position
- flexion
- movement in which a limb is bent
- pronation
- movement that turns the palm down
- supination
- movement that turns the palm up
- rotation
- turning around its own axis