Nutrients and Digestive system
Terms
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- Nutrients
- energy
- SIX kinds of nutrients
-
1. proteins
2. carbohydrates
3. fats
4. vitamins
5. minerals
6. water - Proteins
- building blocks of amino acids (20)
- essential amino acids
- eight (8)
- Proteins Purpose and examples
-
Purpose: replace and repair
Examples: eggs, milk, cheese, and meat - Carbohydrates
- Organic nutrients because of C; contain C, H, O
- Carbohydrates purpose and examples
-
purpose: main source of energy
examples: sugars, starches, and fibers - simple carbohydrates
- sugar (fruit)
- complex carbohydrates
- starch (potatoes) and fiber (breads)
- starches
- made of many simple sugars
- Fat
- aka LIPIDS
- fats purpose
- provide energy and absorb vitamins
- unsaturated fat
- liquid at room temperature and good one
- saturated fats
-
solid at room temperature and BAD one
"increases cholesterol" - Liver produces
- cholesterol and bile
- gallbladder
- holds bile made by liver
- where can you find cholesterol?
- liver and bloodstream
- Vitamins
- organic nutrient needed for growth, regulating, and prevention
- Water soluble
-
dissolve in water
vitamins B and C - fat soluble vitamins
-
disolve in fat
vitamins: A , D, E and K - Minerals
- inorganic nutrients WHY? NO CARBON (C)
- minerals purpose and examples
-
purpose: regulate chemical rxns
examples: Ca, Ph, KNa, FeI
(calcium, phosphorus, potassium sodium, and iron iodine) - Water
- helps maintain cells
- human body is __________ % of water
- 60
- Food groups
- same types of nutrients
- bread and ceral group
- 6-11 servings
- vegetable group
- 3-5 groups
- fruit group
- 2-4 servings
- milk group
- 2-3 servings
- meat and bean group
- 2-3 servings
- fats, oils, and sweets
- very little amounts of intake
- food labels
- nutritional facts
- calories are a measurment of
- energy
- Digestive system Functions
-
1. Ingestion
2. Digestion
3. Absorption
4. Excretion - Ingestion
- to take food in
- Digestion
- to break food down
- Absorption
- absorbing food in body
- Excretion
- food released from the body
- Two types of digestion
- mechanical and chemical
- Enzymes
-
breaks down or speeds up
a chemical reaction - AMYLASE
-
produced by glands also called
SALIVA - PEPSIN
-
in stomach
breaks down protein - PANCREAS
-
Releases ENZYMES into the
Small intestine -
Major Organs of sigestive system
(in order) -
Mouth
Pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
Small Intestine
Large Intestine
Rectum
Anus - Accessory Organs
-
Teeth
Tongue
Salivary Glands
Liver
Gall Bladder
Pancreas - produce and store enzymes.
- pancreas, gall bladder and liver
- Pharynx
- throat
- Esophagus
- muscular tube for food
- Peristalsis
-
muscular contractions that move food
in esophagus -
is a strong Digestive Acid
(chemical produced by stomach) - Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)
- Chyme
- liquid produced by the Stomach
- Villi
-
increases surface area to absorb
more food - Large Intestine
- where water is absorbed
- Bacteria
- Feed on undigested material, Makes GAS
- Rectum
- Holding area for feces
- Anus
- Where solid waste is released
- Small Intestine
-
abosorbs food
most digestion takes place in the
DUODENUM - Lactase
- breaks down dairy products
- stomach
- chemical and mechanical digestion
- bacteria found in the large intestine
- E. Coli
- codons in the DNA strand red for
- AMino Acids
- celluose in the plant cell walls is the reason you can't digest
- FIBER
- Anorexia
- you don't eat
- Bulemia
- eat and vomit