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Terms
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- Addison’s Disease
- ï‚· primary adrenocortical deficiency
- Addisonian Anemia
-  pernicious anemia (antibodies to intrinsic factor or parietal cells  IF  Vit B12  megaloblastic anemia)
- Albright’s Syndrome
-  polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, precocious puberty, café au lait spots, short stature, young girls
- Alport’s Syndrome
- ï‚· hereditary nephritis with nerve deafness, Type 4 collagen defect (basement membranes)
- Alzheimer’s
-  progressive dementia; tau proteins, neurofibrillary tangles, apolipoprotein E4 allele, narrow gyri and wide sulci (atrophy), occipital sparing, hydrocephalus ex vacuo, plaques in hippocampus and cortex, ¯ Acetylcholine, Hiramo bodies (inrtacellular inclusion bodies in hippocampal cells)
- Argyll-Robertson Pupil
- ï‚· loss of light reflex constriction (contralateral or bilateral)
- Arnold-Chiari Malformation
-  “Prostitute’s Eye†- accommodates but does not react
- Barrett’s
- ï‚· Pathognomonic for 3ï‚°Syphilis
- Bartter’s Syndrome
- ï‚· cerebellar tonsil herniation
- Becker’s Muscular Dystrophy
- ï‚· columnar metaplasia of lower esophagus (Â risk of adenocarcinoma)
- Bell’s Palsy
- ï‚· hyperreninemia
- Berger’s Disease
- ï‚· similar to Duchenne, but less severe (deficiency in dystrophin protein)
- Bernard-Soulier Disease
- ï‚· CNVII palsy (entire face; recall that UMN lesion only affects lower face)
- Berry Aneurysm
- ï‚· IgA nephropathy
- Bowen’s Disease
- ï‚· defect in platelet adhesion (abnormally large platelets & lack of platelet-surface glycoprotein)
- Briquet’s Syndrome
- ï‚· circle of Willis (subarachnoid bleed)
- Broca’s Aphasia
- ï‚· often associated with ADPKD
- Bronchiolitis
- ï‚· carcinoma in situ on shaft of penis (Â risk of visceral ca)
- Brown-Sequard
- ï‚· somatization disorder
- Bruton’s Disease
- ï‚· psychological: multiple physical complaints without physical pathology
- Budd-Chiari
- ï‚· Motor Aphasia intact comprehension
- Buerger’s Disease
- RSV
- Burkitt’s Lymphoma
- ï‚· hemisection of cord (contralateral loss of pain & temp / ipsilateral loss of fine touch, UMN)
- Caisson Disease
- ï‚· X-linked agammaglobinemia
- Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
- ï‚· post-hepatic venous thrombosis
- Chagas’ Disease
-  acute inflammation of small, medium arteries ® painful ischemia ® gangrene
- Chediak-Higashi Disease
- ï‚· small noncleaved cell lymphoma EBV
- Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
- ï‚· 8:14 translocation
- Conn’s Syndrome
- ï‚· gas emboli
- Cori’s Disease
- Median nerve entrapment
- Creutzfeldt-Jakob
- ï‚· Trypansoma infection sleeping disease, cardiomegaly with apical atrophy, achlasia
- Crigler-Najjar Syndrome
- ï‚· Phagocyte Deficiency: neutropenia, albinism, cranial & peripheral neuropathy
- Crohn’s
- ï‚· repeated infections
- Croup
- 21-hydroxylase deficiency: virilism, no cortisol, salt loss, hypotension
- Curling’s Ulcer
- 11-hydroxylase deficiency: virilism, no cortisol, salt retention, hypertension
- Cushing’s
- ï‚· primary aldosteronism
- Cushing’s Ulcer
- ï‚· glycogen storage disease (debranching enzyme deficiency)
- de Quervain’s Thyroiditis
-  prion infection ® cerebellar & cerebral degeneration
- DiGeorge’s Syndrome
- ï‚· congenital hyperbilirubinemia (unconjugated)
- Down’s Syndrome
- ï‚· glucuronyl transferase deficiency
- Dressler’s Syndrome
- ï‚· IBD; ileocecum, transmural, skip lesions, lymphocytic infiltrate, granulomas
- Dubin-Johnson Syndrome
- (contrast to UC: limited to colon, mucosa & submucosa, crypt abscesses, pseudopolyps, colon cancer risk)
- Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
- Parainfluenza
- Edwards’ Syndrome
- ï‚· acute gastric ulcer associated with severe burns
- Ehler’s-Danlos
-  Disease: hypercorticism 2° to  ACTH from pituitary (basophilic adenoma)
- Eisenmenger’s Complex
-  Syndrome: hypercorticism of all other causes (1° adrenal or ectopic)
- Erb-Duchenne Palsy
- ï‚· acute gastric ulcer associated with CNS trauma
- Ewing Sarcoma
- ï‚· self-limiting focal destruction (subacute thyroiditis)
- Eyrthroplasia of Queyrat
-  thymic hypoplasia ® T-cell deficiency
- Fanconi’s Syndrome
- ï‚· hypoparathyroidism
- Felty’s Syndrome
- ï‚· trisomy 21 or translocation
- Gardner’s Syndrome
- ï‚· Post-MI Fibrinous Pericarditis autoimmune
- Gaucher’s Disease
- ï‚· congenital hyperbilirubinemia (conjugated)
- Gilbert’s Syndrome
- ï‚· striking brown-to-black discoloration of the liver
- GIST
-  deficiency of dystrophin protein ® MD X-linked recessive
- Glanzmann's Thrombasthenia
- ï‚· trisomy 18
- Goodpasture’s
- ï‚· rocker-bottom feet, low ears, heart disease
- Grave’s Disease
- ï‚· defective collagen
- Guillain-Barre
- ï‚· late cyanotic shunt (Rï‚®L) pulmonary HTN & RVH 2ï‚° to long-standing VSD, ASD, or PDA
- Hamman-Rich Syndrome
-  trauma to superior trunk of brachial plexus Waiter’s Tip
- Hand-Schuller-Christian
- ï‚· undifferentiated round cell tumor of bone
- Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis
- ï‚· carcinoma in situ on glans penis
- Hashitoxicosis
-  impaired proximal tubular reabsorption 2° to lead poisoning or Tetracycline (glycosuria, hyperphosphaturia, aminoaciduria, systemic acidosis)
- Henoch-Schonlein purpura
- ï‚· rheumatoid arthritis, neutropenia, splenomegaly
- Hereditary Spherocytosis
- ï‚· adenomatous polyps of colon plus osteomas & soft tissue tumors
- Hirschprung’s Disease
- ï‚· Lysosomal Storage Disease glucocerebrosidase deficiency
- Horner’s Syndrome
- ï‚· hepatosplenomegaly, femoral head & long bone erosion, anemia
- Huntington’s
- Crinkled tissue paper cells in marrow
- Hunter’s
- ï‚· benign congenital hyperbilirubinemia (unconjugated)
- Hurler’s
- Tumor arising in cells of Cajal (pacemakers of gut)
- Jacksonian Seizures
- ï‚· defective glycoproteins on platelets
- Job’s Syndrome
-  autoimmune: ab’s to glomerular & alveolar basement membranes; linear immunofluorescence
- Kaposi Sarcoma
- ï‚· autoimmune hyperthyroidism (TSI)
- Kartagener’s Syndrome
- ï‚· idiopathic polyneuritis (ascending muscle weakness & paralysis; usually self-limiting)
- Kawasaki Disease
- ï‚· idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
- Keratoconjunctivitis
- ï‚· chronic progressive histiocytosis
- Klinefelter’s Syndrome
- ï‚· autoimmune hypothyroidism (antimicrosomal or antithyroglobulin); Hurthle cells, thyroid germinal centers,
- Kluver-Bucy
-  initial hyperthyroidism in Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis that precedes hypothyroidism
- Krabbe Disease
- ï‚· hypersensivity vasculitis
- Krukenberg Tumor
- ï‚· hemmorhagic urticaria (with fever, arthralgias, GI & renal involvement)
- Laennec’s Cirrhosis
- ï‚· associated with upper respiratory infections
- Lesch-Nyhan
- RBC cytoskeletin defect, most commonly spectrin
- Letterer-Siwe
- ï‚· aganglionic megacolon
- Libman-Sacks
-  ptosis, miosis, anhidrosis (lesion of cervical sympathetic nerves often 2° to a Pancoast tumor)
- Lou Gehrig’s
- ï‚· progressive degeneration of caudate nucleus, putamen & frontal cortex; AD
- Mallory-Weis Syndrome
- Decreased iduronosulfate sulfatase
- Marfan’s
- Decreased alpha-L-iduronidase
- McArdle’s Disease
- ï‚· epileptic events originating in the primary motor cortex (area 4)
- Meckel’s Diverticulum
- ï‚· immune deficiency: neutrophils fail to respond to chemotactic stimuli
- Meig’s Syndrome
- ï‚· malignant vascular tumor (HHV8 in homosexual men)
- Menetrier’s Disease
- ï‚· immotile cilia 2ï‚° to defective dynein arms infection, situs inversus, sterility
- Monckeberg’s Arteriosclerosis
- ï‚· mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome (lips, oral mucosa)
- Munchausen Syndrome
- adenovirus
- Meningioma
- ï‚· 47, XXY
- Mesothelioma
- ï‚· bilateral lesions of amygdala (hypersexuality; oral behavior)
- Nelson’s Syndrome
- Beta-galactosidase deficiency
- Niemann-Pick
- ï‚· adenocarcinoma with signet-ring cells (typically originating from the stomach) metastases to the ovaries
- Osler-Weber-Rendu Syndrome
- ï‚· alcoholic cirrhosis
- Osteogenesis imperfecta
- ï‚· HGPRT deficiency
- Paget’s Disease
- ï‚· gout, retardation, self-mutilation
- Pancoast Tumor
-  acute disseminated Langerhans’ cell histiocytosis
- Parkinson’s
- ï‚· endocarditis with small vegetations on valve leaflets
- Peutz-Jegher’s Syndrome
- ï‚· associated with SLE
- Peyronie’s Disease
- ï‚· Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis degeneration of upper & lower motor neurons
- Pick’s Disease
-  bleeding from esophagogastric lacerations 2° to wretching (alcoholics)
- Plummer’s Syndrome
- ï‚· elastin defect, floppy mitral valve, arachnodactyly, cystic medial necrosis, subluxed lens
- Plummer-Vinson
- ï‚· glycogen storage disease (muscle phosphorylase deficiency)
- Pompe’s Disease
-  rule of 2’s: 2 inches long, 2 feet from the ileocecum, in 2% of the population
- Pott’s Disease
- ï‚· embryonic duct origin; may contain ectopic tissue (gastric, pancreatic, etc.)
- Potter’s Complex
- ï‚· Triad: ovarian fibroma, ascites, hydrothorax
- Raynaud’s
- ï‚· giant hypertrophic gastritis (enlarged rugae; plasma protein loss)
- Reiter’s Syndrome
- ï‚· calcification of the media (usually radial & ulnar aa.), pipestem arteries
- Reye’s Syndrome
-  factitious disorder (consciously creates symptoms, but doesn’t know why)
- Riedel’s Thyroiditis
- Arachnoid cap cells, whorls of cells
- Rotor Syndrome
- Asbestos exposure
- Sezary Syndrome
-  1° Adrenal Cushings ® surgical removal of adrenals ® loss of negative feedback to pituitary ® Pituitary Adenoma
- Shaver’s Disease
- ï‚· Lysosomal Storage Disease sphingomyelinase deficiency
- Sheehan’s Syndrome
- ï‚· “foamy histiocytesâ€
- Shy-Drager
- ï‚· Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia
- Simmond’s Disease
- Type I collagen defect
- Sipple’s Syndrome
-  abnormal bone architecture (thickened, numerous fractures ® pain) , woven and lamellar bone mosaic
- Sjogren’s Syndrome
-  bronchogenic tumor with superior sulcus involvement ® Horner’s Syndrome
- Spitz Nevus
- ï‚· dopamine depletion in nigrostriatal tracts; Cogwheel rigidity
- Stein-Leventhal
- ï‚· melanin pigmentation of lips, mouth, hand, genitalia plus hamartomatous polyps of small intestine
- Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
- ï‚· subcutaneous fibrosis of dorsum of penis
- Struma Ovarii
-  progressive dementia similar to Alzheimer’s, knife-edged gyri
- Still’s Disease
-  hyperthyroidism, nodular goiter, absence of eye signs (Plummer’s = Grave’s - eye signs)
- Takayasu’s arteritis
- ï‚· esophageal webs & iron-deficiency anemia, ï‚ SCCA of esophagus
- Tay-Sachs
-  glycogen storage disease (acid maltase deficiency) ® cardiomegaly
- Tetralogy of Fallot
- ï‚· tuberculous osteomyelitis of the vertebrae
- Tourette’s Syndrome
-  renal agenesis ® oligohydramnios ® hypoplastic lungs, defects in extremities
- Turcot’s Syndrome
- ï‚· Disease: recurrent vasospasm in extremities
- Turner’s Syndrome
-  Phenomenon: 2° to underlying disease (SLE or scleroderma)
- Typhoid Fever
- ï‚· urethritis, conjunctivitis, arthritis non-infectious (but often follows infections), HLA-B27, polyarticular
- Vincent’s Infection
- ï‚· microvesicular fatty liver change & encephalopathy
- von Gierke’s Disease
-  2° to aspirin ingestion in children following viral illness
- von Hippel-Lindau
- ï‚· idiopathic fibrous replacement of thyroid
- von Recklinghausen’s
- ï‚· congenital hyperbilirubinemia (conjugated)
- von Recklinghausen’s Disease of Bone
- ï‚· similar to Dubin-Johnson, but no discoloration of the liver
- von Willebrand’s Disease
- ï‚· leukemic form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (mycosis fungoides)
- Waldenstrom’s macroglobinemia
- ï‚· aluminum inhalation ï‚® lung fibrosis
- Wallenberg’s Syndrome
- ï‚· postpartum pituitary necrosis
- Waterhouse-Friderichsen
- ï‚· parkinsonism with autonomic dysfunction & orthostatic hypotension
- Weber’s Syndrome
- ï‚· pituitary cachexia
- Wegener’s Granulomatosis
- ï‚· MEN type IIa (pheochromocytoma, thyroid medulla, parathyroid)
- Weil’s Disease
- ï‚· triad: dry eyes, dry mouth, arthritis ï‚ risk of B-cell lymphoma
- Wermer’s Syndrome
- ï‚· juvenile melanoma (always benign)
- Wernicke’s Aphasia
- ï‚· polycystic ovary
- Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome
- ï‚· erythema multiforme, fever, malaise, mucosal ulceration (often 2ï‚° to infection or sulfa drugs)
- Whipple’s Disease
- Thyroid teratoma of ovary
- Wilson’s Disease
- ï‚· juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (absence of rheumatoid factor)
- Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome
- ï‚· aortic arch syndrome
- Wolff-Chaikoff Effect
- ï‚· loss of carotid, radial or ulnar pulses
- Zenker’s Diverticulum
-  gangliosidosis (hexosaminidase A deficiency ® GM2 ganglioside)
- Zollinger-Ellison
- ï‚· ÊVSD, Ëoverriding aorta, ÃŒpulmonary artery stenosis, Ãright ventricular hypertrophy
-  gastrin-secreting tumor of pancreas (or intestine) ®  acid ® intractable ulcers