ASSESSMENT 18 HEART
HEART & PERIPHERAL VASCULAR SYSTEM
Terms
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- HYPERTENSION
- INCREASED PERIPHERAL RESISTANCE...IT INCREASES THE WORK LOAD OF THE HEART...BY INCREASING THE RESISTANCE AGAINST WHICH THE LEFT VENTRICLE MUST PUMP TO MAINTAIN PROFUSION
- BUERGER'S DISEASE
- INFLAMMATION & THROMBOSIS O MED. SIZED ARTERIES & VEINS....DIRECT LINK 2 CIGARETTE SMOKING...I THINK THE DIGITS TURN WHITE
- P QRS T WAVE
- P = ATRIAL CONTRACTION OR DEPOLARIZATION (AD) , QRS COMPLEX = VENTRICULAR CONTRACTION OR DEPOLARIZATION (VD), T WAVE = VENTRICLE REPOLARIZATION
- PERICARDIAL SPACE
- BETWEEN THE FIBROUS AND SEROUS PERICARDIUM IS THIS SPACE.....CONTAINS A SMALL AMT. OF PERCARDIAL FLUID TO REDUCE FRICTION AS THE MYCARDIUM CONSTRACTS
- DORSAL PEDIS ARTERY IS WHERE?
- ON TOP OF FOOT...EXTENSION TENDONS OF 1ST AND 2ND TOE
- INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS
- MICROORGANISMS ATTACH 2 THE ENDOTHELIAL MEMBRANE & FORM AN INFECTIVE VEGETATION.
- PITTING EDEMA
- WHEN INDENTIATION OF FINGER REAMAINS IN SKIN....IT IS AN INDICATION OF EXCESS FLUID INTERSTITIAL SPACE
- PERIPHERAL VASCULAR SYSTEM IF COMPOSED OF WHAT?
- ARTERIES, CAPILLARIES, & VEINS
- VALVULAR HEART DISEASE
- VHD.......STENOTIC VALVE IS 1 THAT DOES NOT OPEN COMPLETELY SO BLOOD FLOW THUR THE VALVE IS REDUCED & A BACKFLOW IS CREATED
- POSTERIOR TIBIAL ARTERY IS WHERE?
- ON THE INNER ASPECT OF THE ANKLE BELOW THE ANKLE BONE
- WHAT R THE 3 LAYERS OF THE HEART?
- PERICARDIUIM, MYOCARDIUM, AND EPICARDUIM
- MAYCARDIUM...
- IS THE MIDDLE LAYER....IT CONTRACTS TO EJECT BLOOD
- ANEURYSM
- LOCALIZED DILATION OF AN ARTERY CAUSED BY WEAKNESS IN THE ARTERY WALL
- MI
- CAUSED BY CAD.....CELLS ARE DESTROYED, LACK OF O2, PAIN MAY RADIATE TO LEFT SHOULDER, JAW, ARM , OR OTHER AREA OF CHEST, & IT IS NOT RELIEVED BY NITROGLYCERIN
- UPPER AND LOWER PARTS OF THE HEART ARE?
- UPPER IS THE BASE, BOTTOM IS THE APEX
- SYNCOPE
- FAINTING
- ANGLE OF LOUIS
- SUPER STERNAL NOTCH
- PERICARDITIS
- INFLAMMATION OF THE PARIETAL AND VISCERAL LAYERS
- ATRIVENTRICULAR AV
- AV VALVE.....TRICUSPID on the right & MITRAL on the leftON THE
- POPLITEAL ARTRERY IS WHERE?
- BEHIND THE KNEE...pat needs 2 B in prone position
- SEMILUNAR VALVES SV
- SV VALVE THE AORTIC & PULMONIC VALVES
- 5 P'S FOR ABNORMAL FINDINGS
- PULSELESS, PALE, PARESTHESIA (PINS AND NEEDLES FEELING) PAIN, AND POIKILOTHERMIA (COLD)
- THE LEFT SIDE O F THE HEART....
- RECEIVES BLOOD FROM THE PULMONARY VEINS & PUMPS IT THRU THE AORTA INTO THE SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION
- MURMUR
- LOW OR HIGH PITCH? LOW PITCHES R BEST HEARD W/ BELL OF STETHOSCPOE.....QUALITY REFERS 2 THE TYPE OF SOUND....HARSH SOUND, RASPY MACHINE LIKE,, BLOWING, VIBRATORY...INTENSITY REFERS 2 HOW LOUD IT IS ...GRADE 1 IS BARELY AUDIBLE, GRADE 2 IS QUIET BUT CLEARLY AUDIBLE, GRADE 3 IS MODERATELY LOUD.....4,5,6 AND ON
- APICAL PULSE IS WHERE?
- BETWEEN 4TH AND 5TH INTERCOSTAL SPACE.....LEFT MIDCLAVICULAR LINE
- DUBB SOUND S2
- WHEN VENTRICLES R ALMOST EMPTY THE PULMONIC & AORTIC VALVES CLOSE CREATING THE 2ND SOUND (S2)
- LUBB SOUND S1
- THE CLOSING OF THE MITRAL & TRICUSPID VALVES CREATE THIS SOUND (S1)
- S1 IS LOUDER THAN S2 WHERE? S1
- AT THE APEX OF THE HEART
- S2 IS LOUDER THAN S1 WHERE?
- AT THE BASE OF THE HEART
- PERICARDIUM
- HEART IS ENCASED IN THIS. it has a fibrous layer and 2 serous layers, fibrous layer or fibrous pericardium or parietal layer SHIELDS THE HEART FROM TRAUMA & INFECTION
- VENOUS THROMBOSIS
- DVT.........IS ABNORMAL CONDITION WHICH A THROMBUS (CLOT) DEVELOPS W/IN A VEIN, HOMANS SIGN
- HOMAN'S SIGN
- IS ASSOCIATED W/ VENOUS THROMBOSIS........LIFT LEG, CALF ON ARM AND HAVE PT DORSIFLEX FOOT (POINT TOES TOWARD HIS HEAD) AND IF IT IS PAINFUL THERE MAY BE A DVT (DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS)
- THE RIGHT SIDE OF THE HEART
- RECEIVES BLOOD FROM THE SUPERIOR AND INFERIORVENAE CAVAE & PUMPS IT THRU THE PULMONARY ARTERIES TO THE PULMONARY CIRCULATION
- AUSCULATE THE CAROTID ARTERY FOR BRUITS....HOW?
- USE BELL OF STETHOSCOPE....NORMALLY YOU WOULD HEAR NO SOUND OVER THESE ARTERIES......BRUITS R LOW PITCHED BLOWING SOUNDS USUALLY HEARD DURING SYSTOL...INDICATING NARROWING OF THE VESSEL BY ATHEROSCLEROSIS
- ANGINA PECTORIS
- CHEST PAIN THAT IS DUE 2 ISCHEMIA OF THE MYOCARDIUM, ANGINA CAN FOLLOW A HEAVY MEAL, ANGER, IF IT LASTS MORE THAN 30 MIN.INDICATES UNSTABLE ANGINA OR DEVELOPING MI
- AV NODE
- THE PACEMAKER.....THE IMPULSES ARE TRANSMITTED THRU "BUNDLE OF HIS" AND PURKINJE FIBERS IN MYCARDIUM
- HOW MANY TIMES A MIN. DOES THE HEART BEAT?
- 60 TO 100
- SYSTOLE
- THIS PHASE IS THE CARDIC CYCLE WHEN THE VENTRICLES R CONTRACTIN....(EJECTING BLOOD)
- NEWBORNS HEART IS SIMILAR TO THE ADULTS EVEN B 4 BIRTH W/ 1 NOTABLE EXCEPTION?
- OXYGENATION OCCURS THRU THE PLACENTA TO COMPENSATE 4 THE NONFUNCTIONAL FETAL LUNGS....FORAMENT OVALE IS AN OPENING THAT ALLOWS BLOOD 2 FLOW INTO THE LEFT SIDE OF THE MOTHER'S HEART
- TENTING
- WHEN SKIN DOES NOT IMMEDIATELY FALL BACK INTO PLACE.....IT IS AN INDICATION OF FLUID VOLUME DEFICIT
- THROMBOPHLEBITIS
- IS INFLAMATION OF A VEIN THAT MAY OR MAY NOT B ACCOMPANIED BY A CLOT
- FEMORAL ARTERY IS WHERE?
- BELOW TEH INGUINAL LIGAMENT, MIDWAY BETWEEN SYMPHYSIS PUBIS.....& ANTERIOR TO SUPERIOR ILIAC.....JUST MOVE IN TOWARDS THE GENITALIA
- WHAT DOES THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM TRANSPORT?
- O2, NUTRIENTS, and other sub to the body's tissues and CARRIES METABOLIC WAIST PRODUCTS 2 THE KIDNEYS AND LUNGS
- APE TO MAN OR APT M
- AORTIC, PULMONIC, (ERB'S POINT....sternum), TRICUSPID (8 O'CLOCK) & MITRAL (6 O'CLOCK)
- END OF ASSESSMENT 18
- END OF ASSESSMENT 18
- HEART FAILURE
- WHEN EITHER VENTRICLE FAILS TO PUMP BLOOD EFFICIENTLY IN THE AORTA OR PULMONARY ARTERIES....PITTING EDEMA RESULTS FROM THIS AS WELL
- DEPENDENT EDEMA
- SWELLING OF THE FEET & LEGS
- DIASTOLE
- THE PHASE IN CARDIAC CYCLE WHEN THE VENTRICLES R RELAXED & FILLING W/ BLOOD
- RAYNAUD'S DISEASE
- LOOKS LIKE FROST BITE....FINGERS, NOSE, EARS....COLORS R WHITE, BLUE, & RED
- EPICARDUIM
- IS THE SEROUS PERICARDUIM....ALSO TERMED THE VISCERAL LAYER OR EPICARDIUM....COVERS THE HEART SURFACE