Earth Science
Terms
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- Latent Heat
- Heat energy that is absorbed when water changes to water vapor and stored in the water vapor.
- Temperature Gradient
- change in temperature as a function of distance (especially altitude)
- Dew
- moisture from the air that forms drops on cool surfaces
- Barometer
- instrument that measures air pressure
- Temperature
- is the degree of the hotness or coldness that can be measured using a thermoneter
- Synoptic Weather Map
- Detailed information about atmospheric variables like temperature, pressure, wind direction, etc. shown on this, indicating what it is like in given places at a certain time during the day.
- Tornado
- a localized and violently destructive windstorm occurring over land characterized by a funnel-shaped cloud extending toward the ground
- Psychrometer
- an instrument that is used to measure relative humidity
- Pressure Gradient
- The difference in atmospheric pressure between areas of higher pressure and lower pressure.
- Wind
- air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure
- Anemometer
- a gauge for recording the speed and direction of wind
- Hurricane
- a severe tropical cyclone usually with heavy rains and winds moving a 73-136 knots (12 on the Beaufort scale)
- Front
- (meteorology) the atmospheric phenomenon created at the boundary between two different air masses
- Coriolis Effect
- The way Earth's rotation makes winds in the Northern Hemisphere curve to the right and winds in the Southern Hemisphere curve to the left.
- Radiation
- energy that is radiated or transmitted in the form of rays or waves or particles
- Specific Heat
- The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of a substance by one degree
- Relative Humidity
- the ratio of the amount of water in the air at a given temperature to the maximum amount it could hold at that temperature
- Pressure Belts
- uneven heating of the earth produces what that occur at about every 30 degrees latitude
- Sea Breeze
- daily movement of air created when cooler, denser air moving inland from the ocean forces warm air over the land to rise.
- Station Model
- indicates weather conditions at a specific location, using a combination of symbols on a map
- Heat of Vaporization
- the amount of heat energy required to convert one gram of a substance from a liquid to a gas
- Weather
- the daily condition of the atmosphere (sunny, cool, or wet)
- Cyclone
- (meteorology) rapid inward circulation of air masses about a low-pressure center
- Isobars
- A line that joins points having the same pressure
- Convection
- (meteorology) the vertical movement of heat or other properties by massive motion within the atmosphere
- Anticyclone
- (meteorology) winds spiraling outward from a high-pressure center
- Storm Track
- are the relatively narrow zones in the Atlantic and Pacific along which most Atlantic or Pacific extratropical
- Air Pressure
- the pressure exerted by the atmosphere
- Dew Point
- the temperature at which the water vapor in the air becomes saturated and condensation begins
- Frost
- ice crystals forming a white deposit (especially on objects outside)
- Heat of Fusion
- the amount of heat energy required to convert one gram of a substance from a solid to a liquid
- Potential Energy
- The energy an object has due to its composition or its position relative to a force
- Condensation Nuclei
- small particles in the atmosphere around which clouds can form
- Conduction
- the transmission of heat or electricity or sound
- Divergence
- the act of moving away in a different direction from a common point; the act of being different
- Land Breeze
- movement of air from land to sea at night, created when cool, dense air from the land forces warm air up over the sea
- Air Mass
- a large body of air with uniform characteristics horizontally
- Source Region
- regions where air masses form
- Condensation
- the process of changing from a gaseous to a liquid or solid state
- Deposition
- the natural process of laying down a deposit of something
- Kinetic Energy
- energy of motion
- Convergence
- the occurrence of two or more things coming together