geology
Terms
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- lithification
- the physical process that transforms the sediments into sedimentary rocks
- erosion
- the transport of pieces of rock by wind water or glaciers
- sediments
- pieces of a solid material that are deposited by water wind or glaciers
- lineation
- the alignment of rocks
- mohs scale
- used for testing the hardness of a mineral
- weathering
- the break up of rocks such as frost wedging or wave action
- hardness
- a measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched
- streak
- the color of a mineral when it is broken up and powdered
- cooling rates on the grain size of igneous rocks
- the slower the grain cools, the bigger the grain size in the rock will be
- oxygen
- most abundant element in the earth's crust
- intrusive rock
- coarse grained igneous rocks that cool slowly beneath the earth's surface
- deposition
- where the sediments are laid down or sink to the bottom of a body of water
- 3000
- number of types of minerals found in the earth's crust
- foliated
- a metamorphic rock with wavy layers cause by high pressure
- sedimentary rocks
- sediments get deposited, compressed and lithified
- metamorphism
- when rocks undergo heat and pressure without melting
- magma
- a slushy mix of molten rocks, gases, and mineral crystals
- three ways metamorphic rocks are formed
- contact, regional and hydrothermal
- extrusive rock
- fine grained igneous rocks that cool quickly on earths surface
- earthquakes
- the boundaries of two plates rubbing together
- lava
- magma that flows out onto earth's surface
- igneous rock
- formed from the crystallization of magma
- cleavage and fracture
- describes how minerals break apart