1960s test
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- John Fitzgerald Kennedy
- Democratic candidate in 1960 election w/ LBJ as VP. Won election. The New Fronteir was his vision. Killed 11/22/63 by Lee Harvey Oswald.
- New Fronteir
- Kennedy's vision of domestic progress in America. Minimum wage fraised from $1 to $1.25. Area Redevelopment Act.
- Peace Corps
- 1961: Volunteers to teach and provide manpower in developing countries.
- Alliance for Progress
- 1961: Financial aid to Latin America.
- Dallas, Texas
- JFK was killed here on 11/22/63.
- Dealy Plaza
- JFK was killed here on 11/22/63 in Dallas, Texas.
- JFK Assassination
- 11/22/63, JFK traveled through DAllas in a convertible limo and was shot at Dealy Plaza, Dallas, Texas from the Texas School Book Depository by Lee Harvey Oswald (suspect) from the 6th floor, but limo also passed grassy knoll.
- Grassy Knoll
- Shots were also heard from here when JFK was assassinated. Limo also passed this open land area.
- Jack Ruby
- killed Lee Harvey Oswald before his trail on 11/24/63.
- Warren Report
- Issued by Wareen Commission: concluded that Oswald acted alone and there was no conspiracy at all in JFK assassination.
- Earl Waren
- Headed Warren Commission, Cheif Justice, investigated JFK's assassination.
- Area Redevelopment Act
- used federal funds in needy and porverty stricken regions of the country, especially cities
- Berlin Wall
- East Germany built the Berlin Wall to protect East Berlin or possibly to keep East Berliners from escaping.
- Space Race
- 1960 to 1969. Provided country with security, had many by-products, next step in rocket development...Pre-WWII Germany has big edge over Russia in rockets...Post-WWII US and Russia get Germany's leading scientist...US gets Werner Von Braun. Russia won!
- Werner Von Braun
- Germany's leading scientist that US got
- Sputnik
- Soviets took lead when they launched it on October 5, 1957
- Alan Shephard
- The US launched him into space on 5/5/61 (but Soviets had man there first)
- NASA
- Kennedy challenged them to land a man on the moon and return him safely to Earth
- Neil Armstrong
- 1969-Apollo 11-became 1st man on moon
- Lyndon Baines Johnson
- became president on Airforce One, carried Kennedy/s New Frontier and took it further to make The Great Society, ushed the Civil Rights Act through Congress
- Great Society
- LBJ took New Frontier Further, began EOA, VISTA, Head Start, Medicare, Medicaid, Model Cities Act
- Economic Opportunity Act
- aided the poor
- VISTA
- Volunteers in Service to America, citizens working in poor neighborhoods
- Head Start
- gave disadvantaged pre-schoolers a "leg-up" on elementary school
- Medicare
- for elderly, made healthcare available to those who couldn't afford it
- Medicaid
- programs for those too young for Medicare
- Model Cities Act
- encouraged inner-city slum rehabilitation
- Ho Chi Minh
- Leader of the Viatnamese Nationalists (Vietminh), on 9/2/45 Vietnam is free from French rule
- Vietminh
- Vietnamese Nationalists, Communists from N. Vietnam, goals were land reform and a united and independent Vietnam
- Containment
- save Vietnam from Communism
- Diem Bien Phu
- French Outpost where French surrendered after Vietminh ambushed them (guerilla warfare)
- Guerilla Warfare
- hit and run tactics
- Geneva Conference
- Vietnam temporarliy divided at 17th parallel, Vietminh=North Vietnam, Non-Communist Vietnamese=South Vietnam, national elections in '56, US wouludn't sign Geneva peace agreement
- 17th Parallel
- Vietnam temporarily divided here
- Domino Theory
- If South Vietnam fell to the Communists so would other countries in S.E. Asia, Eisenhower
- Eisenhomwer and Vietnam
- Domino Theory
- Ngo Dinh Diem
- US Supported, anticommunist, out of touch w/ people, US aid went to military, not poeple, ran country like it was his personal empire, cancelled elections (w/ US support) and rigged referendum, "won" 98% of vote
- NLF
- National Liberation Front, a.k.a. Vietcong, from South Vietnam, mostly communist, assassinated 2,000 gov't officials in 1960
- JFK and Vietnam
- he could abandon Diem or deepen US involvement
- 1963 Buddhist Monk Protest
- gathered in Hue to protest Diem's gov't...gov't tropps fire on them, monks set themselves on fire to protest, weekened Diem's popularity and US officials met in secret to overthrow him
- Johnson and Vietnam
- took strong anticommunist appraoch to war, little success w/ Diem's replacements, needed congressional support, told Congress he needed the power to take all necessary emasures to repel any armed attacked after Gulf of Tonkin
- Gulf of Tonkin Incident
- N. Vietnamese torpedoed 2 US destroyers here, truth was US warships were helping S. Vietnamese comandos
- Gufl of Tonkin Resolution
- passed by Congress in '64, not a decleration of war but let LBJ to widen the war
- Operation Rolling THunder
- Bombins in N. Vietnamn
- Ho Chi Minh Trail
- network of dirty roads and muddy trails used by N. Vietnamese for supples and troop movement that ran through neutral Laos and Cambodia
- Laos
- neutral, Ho Chi Minh trail
- Cambodia
- neutral, Ho Chi Minh trail
- DaNang
- in South Vietnam, in March of '65, LBJ sent the 1st US troops to counter attack Vietcong attacks here, William Westmoreland was the general, said he needed mroe troops
- William Westmoreland
- commander of US troops in Vietnam
- Yuri Gagarin
- April 19, 1961, Russia, first man in space
- Ground War Conditions
- US went on "search and destroy" missions, heavy equipment, no sleep, heat, bugs, punji sticks, sharp jungle grass, bouncing betty
- Puni Sticks
- part of ground war, impaled people
- Bouncing Betty
- part of ground war
- Vietcong
- used guerilla taticts, US didn't know who was friend or enemy, they knew the terrain and used more than 30,000 mile of tunnles to get around w/o the US knowing, S. Vietnamese peasants supported them w/ shelter, food, and info
- US Military Build-up in Vietnam
-
'65-180,000 US troops
'66-360,000 US troops
'67-500,000 US troops, more than Korea - Agent Orange
- defoliant sprayed from planes, removed all leaves and jungle growth so bombers and troops could see enemy, caused skin disorders
- Selective Service System
- by '65, US was using this, or "draft", after man was 18, they were available for Class 1A, or service, troops were young and inexperienced
- Age of Average US Solder
- 19
- Search and Destroy
- missions in ground war
- Tet Offensive
- 1/30/68, aftermath of Tet Offensive, public support for war shifted, members of Silent Majority spoke out against war
- Counterculture
- baby boom teens, grew up during Cold War, scared of nuke attack, blamed older generation for creating the world they lived in
- Generation Gap
- differences in attitudes between poeple of different age groups became divisive force in society
- Establishment
- people and institutions that represented power, authority, and the status quo
- Hippies
- searched for emotional highs in sex and drugs, experimented with free love, public nudity, pill use and veneral disease increased, pot, LSD
- 1960s Fashion
- colors, beads, braids, patches, military surplus clothing
- 1960s Music
- topple Establishment, reform society, Woodstock, The Who, Grateful Dead, Joplin, Hendrix, Neil Young, Crosby, Stills, Nash, Joan Baex, Jefferson Airplane
- Anti-War Movement
- by mid 1960s, more young Americans joined it, many were part of counterculture, part of New Left, resisted Draft
- New Left
- a rebirth of Radical politics
- Hawks vs. Doves
- favor of war vs. opposed to war
- Silent Majority
- suppored war, tended to be less vocal than anti-war activists
- My Lai Massacre
- November of 1969, US Forces massacred 350 Vietnamese civilians at village of My Lai
- Nixon and Vietnam
- US troops invaded Neutral Cambodia
- Kent State
- Ohio in 1970, Anti-War protest in response to Cambodia invasion, lead to tragedy
- Richard Milhous Nixon
- Republican Candidate in '68, won
- George Wallace
- '68 Independent candidate
- Robert Kennedy
- '68 Democratic candidate, but was shot
- 1968 Democratic Convention
- new '68 candidate is Hubert H. Humphrey
- 1970 Invasion of Cambodia
- Nixon's idea, Kent State protest was a tragedy
- Election of 1960
- Kennedy
- Election of 1968
- Nixon
- Hubert Humphrey
- '68 Democratic candidate
- Peace With Honor
- Nixon's Compaign Promise in '68
- Conspiracy
- people in it together, JFK's assassination ruled not one
- French Indochina
- Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam
- Magic Bullet
- JFK assassination, single bullet theory
- Civil Rights Act of 1964
- Jim Crow laws abandoned, segregation illegal
- Communes
- small community??
- Conscientious objectors
- objected to war
- Deferments
- avoided military service
- Governor Connelly
- was with JFK in limo at assassination, mayor of Dallas
- Hanoi
- N. Viet. capital
- Jackson State
- May 14 and 15 of 1970, students protesting war, 2 were killed by police and National Guard
- John Glenn
- w/ Neil Armstrong
- MLK and Vietnam
- didn't like war
- Saigon
- US embassy
- SDS
- Students for a Democratic Society?
- Truman and Vietnam
- assist French?
- Tunnels
- Vietcong advantage