Biology Chapter 1 Key Concepts
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- What is the goal of Science?
- to investigate and understand nature, and to use those explanations to make useful predictions.
- How does an observation of an object differ from an inference about it?
- Observations uses one or more of the senses to gather in formation and record it but an inference is a logical interpretation of the prior knowledge like testing samples.
- How does a hypothesis help scientists understand nature?
- By increasing their knowledge of the hypothesis that is tested, whether it is supported or refuted.
- Why is it advantageous for scientists to test only one variable at a time in an experiment?
- Because, if all the variables are changed at once, you can't tell which one is responsible for the observed results.
- Distinguish between a variable and a control.
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VARIABLE: factors that change, like equipment, material, temperature, light, time.
CONTROL: Keeping these variables the same. - What steps are involved in making a conclusion?
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1. Use data from experiment
2. Evaluate the hypthesis
3. Draw a conclusion - Describe the impact of Pasteur's work on the community:
- 1)many discoveries of microorganism. 2)saved french wine industry from souring & silkworm disease. 3)showed microorganisms responsible for infectious diseases. 4) Proved living things come from living things
- What must happen for a hypthesis to become a theory?
- As a hypthesis is experimented by numerous investigations, it becomes a theory when supported by many scientists because of positive results.
- How are unicellular & multicellular organisms alike?
- All reproduce, grow, obtain & use energy, respond to their environment, evolve over time.
- How are unicellular & multicellular organisms different?
- Unicellar is one cell only, multicellar is many cells, 100's 1000's even millions or trillions of cells.
- At least how many different cell types does the human body consist of?
- 85
- Give an example of changes that occur during lifecycle of multicellular organisms:
- Development: butterfly from cacoon, eggst to maggots to flies, etc.
- How can a group of data be more informative than a table of data?
- Graph of data can make a pattern much easier to recognize, understand and interpret.
- How can a cell culture be useful to biologists?
- Test cell responses under controlled conditions, study interactions between cells, select specific cells for further study.
- What does science study, what does it NOT study?
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Studies nature,
Not art, etc. - How does science reach far beyond the scientific world?
- They contribute information to discussions about 1)health & disease 2) relationship between people & other living things 3)public health & environment.
- Name some ways scientists contribute information regarding public health & environment:
- 1) how to assure that antibiotics will be effective for a long time. 2)How should chemical wasted be disposed of? 3)Info about your genes, how much needs to be private. 4) How communities should produce electricilty.
- Scientiests contribute information to discussions within the community, are the questions that arise answered by scientists alone?
- No, the society and economy also contribute to such discussions.
- Do scientists make final decisions in our society?
- No., just recommendations
- How does biology touch your everyday life?
- 1)help appreciate life, pets to dinosaurs. 2)Provide info of food, nutrition you need, 3)provide methods to sustain world food supply. 4)diagnose & treat medical problems 5)identifies environment factors that can threaten you, disposal wastes from human activities, etc.
- More than any other science, how does biology help us?
- Helps us to understand what affects the quality of our life.
- List 3 possible ways a hypothesis may arise:
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Prior knowledge
Logical inference
Imaginative guesses - What is the difference between theory and hypthesis?
- Theory is a well tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observaiont and Hyptheses is a possible explanation for a set of observations or an answer (guess) to a scientific question.
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BIOLOGY CHAPTER 1
UNDERSTANDING KEY CONCEPTS - HI THERE, GOOD LUCK ANDREW