Gov 312 L

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Truman Doctrine: The idea of containing the Soviet Union (George Kennan), removed aid from communists, gave it to non-communists
USS Liberty Incident: occurred during the Six Day War in 1967, (a conflict between Israel and the Arab states (Egypt, Syria, and Jordan); Israel says it was mistaken identity, they say they thought it was Russian. 13 million paid.
Baghdad Pact â€“ CTO: An attempt for Britan to retain control of middle east â€“ nations included Iraq, Iran, Turkey, Pakistan and the UK
Camp David: of Egypt and Israel met here with Carter
Nixon Doctrine: in response to Vietnam⬦everyone needs to take care of themselves unless it impacts us
Soft power: through cultural and ideological means (carrots and sticks metaphor)
War Powers Act: 1917, said that the president could wage war
Six Day War â€“ 1967 War: Between Israel and its Arab neighbors (Egypt, Jordan, Syria), Egypt blocked Israeli ships, Israel fought back (the others allied) Israel basically won
Ariel Sharon: current prime minister of Israel, was in charge of six day war
Gamal Abdel Nasser: the second president of Egypt, very important, Arab, began to shift away from west toward soviet, but played them off each other, was involved in Suez Crisis
Arms Control: anything over 25 mil, the president must present to congress
Anwar Sadat: third president of Egypt, led Egypt into Yom Kippur war, went to camp david for the peace agreement
Iron triangle: military, pentagon, congress
Henry Kissinger: Secretary of state â€“ under Nixon
Black September: a month when Hashemite King Hussein of Jordan moved to quash an attempt by Palestinian organizations to overthrow his monarchy. The attack resulted in heavy civilian Palestinian casualties. Armed conflict lasted until July 1971 with the expulsion of PLO and thousands of Palestinians to Lebanon. Killing the king.
Middle East Partnership Initiative: Part of the State Department...The Middle East Partnership Initiative (MEPI) is the Bush Administration's response to calls for change in the Middle East. This Presidential initiative, created in 2002 and funded with bipartisan support from the U.S. Congress, has brought the resources, experience, and determination of the United States to bear in an effort to bolster the reform movement in the Middle East
Sabra and Shatila Massacre: September 1982 by Lebanese Maronite Christian militias in then-Israeli-occupied Beirut, Lebanon, when Palestinian refugees were killed in the Sabra and Shatila (ØµØ¨Ø±Ø§ ÙˆØ´Ø§ØªÙŠÙ„Ø§) refugee camps
Tanker Reflagging: When Kuwait reflagged it s tankers in 1987 so that it would not be attacked by Iran during the Iran-Iraq war
USS New Jersey: Ship used in the Lebanese Civil War of 1982-1984. Under Regan. We helped protect US marines and interests...heavily fortified ship. We helped the lebanese army.
October War: Same as Yom Kippor War. 1973...between Israel and a coalition of Arab nations led by Egypt and Syria....israel wins....Anwar Sadat in 1972 publicly stated that Egypt was committed to going to war with Israel,
Yom Kippor War: Same as October War. between Israel and a coalition of Arab nations led by Egypt and Syria....israel wins ....Anwar Sadat in 1972 publicly stated that Egypt was committed to going to war with Israel,
Tripartite Aggression: Same as Suez Crisis or Suez War...you wrote about this...Nasser and such....the US was all swank wit it. britan france and israel.
Osama Bin Laden: head of al queada..responsible for 9-11. embassy bombings in africa...uss cole. top terrorist of the fbi. still at large.
Brent Scowcroft: United States National Security Advisor under Presidents Gerald Ford and George H. W. Bush and a Lieutenant General in the United States Air Force. He also served as Military Assistant to President Richard Nixon and as Deputy Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs in the Nixon and Ford administrations. He also served as Chairman of the President's Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board under President George W. Bush from 2001 to 2005.
Zbigniew Brzezinski: wrote the choice. He served as United States National Security Advisor to President Jimmy Carter from 1977 to 1981. He was known for his hawkish foreign policy (more favorable toward armed intervention) at a time when the Democratic Party was increasingly dovish (less favorable toward armed intervention)
Geneva Accord of 2003: he Geneva Accord is a 50-page draft peace agreement created by Israeli left-wing politicians, who negotiated the deal without the backing of the current Israeli government, and senior Palestinian representatives in October 2003.
Ayatollah Khomeini: and the political and spiritual leader of the 1979 Iranian Revolution which saw the overthrow of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the last Shah of Iran
Richard Clarke: provided national security advice to four U.S. presidents: Ronald Reagan, George H.W. Bush, Bill Clinton and George W. Bush, consulting on issues of intelligence and terrorism, from 1973 to 2003. Clarke's specialties are computer security, counterterrorism and homeland security. He was the counter-terrorism adviser on the U.S. National Security Council when the September 11, 2001 attacks occurred.
Yassir Arafat: Chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) (1969â€“2004); President1 of the Palestinian National Authority (PNA) (1993â€“2004); and a co-recipient of the 1994 Nobel Peace Prize alongside Shimon Peres and Yitzhak Rabin, for the successful negotiations of the 1993 Oslo Accords.
John Foster Dulles: Secretary of State under President Dwight D. Eisenhower from 1953 to 1959. He was a significant figure in the early Cold War era, advocating an aggressive stance against communism around the world
Irangate: Iran-contra affair: Several members of the Reagan Administration engaged in the sale of arms to Iran, an avowed enemy, and used proceeds from the sales to illegally fund the Contras, a right-wing guerrilla group in Nicaragua.

President Reagan appeared to the American public and told a national television audience that the United States had not sold weapons to Iran. In a later televised Presidential Address he clarified that facts showed that the administration had, in fact, done so. Reagan repeatedly denied that he had authorized the arms exchanges, but took full responsibility for what happened.
Oliver North: member of the Marine Corps who achieved the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel. He rose to national prominence because of the Iran-Contra Affair, during which he was a key Reagan administration official involved in the clandestine selling of weapons to Iran
Carter Doctrine: which stated that the United States would use military force if necessary to defend its national interests in the Persian Gulf region
Watergate: incident on June 17, 1972 when five burglars actually were apprehended in DNC headquarters at the Watergate building, and the subsequent cover-up and political fallout, including the resignation of President Nixon.
Rafic Hariri: self-made billionaire and business tycoon, was the Prime Minister of Lebanon from 1992 to 1998 and again from 2000 until his resignation on 20 October 2004. He headed five cabinets during his tenure.

Hariri was assassinated on 14 February 2005 when explosives equivalent to around 1000 kg of TNT were detonated as his motorcade
elite theory: People thought that there was a certain class of people running the govâ€™t. but by the 70â€™s this was dispelled
intermestic issues: just like it sounds
groupthink: A group of people take a stance on an issue and do not let much other opinion in
Good example: Star Wars
rational actor model: assumes that the state is rational, acts for security, and acts as one person
governmental politics model: View of certain key policy makers and the game to come to a deal
Intifada: It came into common usage in English as the popularised name for two recent Palestinian campaigns directed at ending the Israeli military occupation. These two uprisings have been significant aspects of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict in recent years
Schultz Peace Plan: The Palestinians must be involved in the peace process if it is to mean anything. There isn't any question about that. [But] it's also true there isn't a role in the peace process for people whose tactics are violent and refuse to renounce violence, who refuse to recognize that Israel is there as a state[. Instead they must be] ready to talk and try to make peace.
Osirak: was a 40 MW light water nuclear materials testing reactor (MTR) in Iraq. It was constructed by the Iraqi government at the Al Tuwaitha Nuclear Research Centre,
Operation Blue Bat: President Eisenhower approved the deployment of USAF fighters from Germany to Adana. The crisis quickly abated, but set the stage for the next upheaval the following year in Lebanon.
Condoleezza Rice: 66th and current United States Secretary of State, and the second in the administration of President George W. Bush. She replaced Colin Powell on January 26, 2005, after his resignation. Her deputy is Robert Zoellick.

Condoleezza Rice was previously Bush's National Security Advisor during his first term (2001â€“2005). Before joining the Bush administration, she was a Professor of Political Science at Stanford University where she served as Provost from 1993 to 1999
Oslo Accords: finalized in Oslo, Norway on August 20, 1993, and subsequently officially signed at a public ceremony in Washington D.C. on September 13, 1993, with Mahmoud Abbas signing for the Palestine Liberation Organization and Shimon Peres signing for the State of Israel. It was witnessed by Warren Christopher for the United States and Andrei Kozyrev for Russia, in the presence of US President Bill Clinton and Israel's Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin with the PLO's Chairman Yasser Arafat.
Yitzhak Rabin, Bill Clinton, and Yasser Arafat during the Oslo Accords on September 13, 1993.
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Yitzhak Rabin, Bill Clinton, and Yasser Arafat during the Oslo Accords on September 13, 1993.

The Oslo Accords were a culmination of a series of secret and public agreements, dating particularly from the Madrid Conference of 1991 onwards, and negotiated between the Israeli government and the Palestine Liberation Organization (acting as representatives of the Palestinian people) in 1993 as part of a peace process trying to resolve the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
Mearsheimer and Walt: that our imbalance toward Israel is causing major problems....they argue however that Iraq was a mistake and that saddam was much more stable than we beleive
Foundation for Future: just what it sounds...they study it all
Desert Shield & Storm: Gulf war 1991...bush sr. whooped ass from the air....nuff said...saddam was left in power
Quartet on the Middle East: a foursome of nations and international and supranational entities involved in mediating the peace process between the State of Israel and the Palestinian National Authority. UN, US, Russia, EU
Hans Blix: Swedish diplomat and politician. He was Swedish Minister for Foreign Affairs (1978 - 1979). Blix was also the head of the United Nations Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission from January 2000 to June 2003, when he was succeeded by Demetrius Perricos. In 2002, the commission began searching Iraq for weapons of mass destruction.
Downing Street Memo: says US fixed intel...as the "smoking gun memo", contains an overview of a secret 23 July 2002 meeting among United Kingdom Labour government, defence and intelligence figures, discussing the build-up to the warâ€”including direct reference to classified United States policy of the time.
Dimona: An Israeli nuclear installation is located about ten kilometres to the south of Dimona, the Negev Nuclear Research Center. Its construction commenced in 1958, with French assistance
Paul Bremer: Director of Reconstruction and Humanitarian Assistance for post-war Iraq following the Iraq War of 2003, replacing Jay Garner on May 6, 2003[1].

In his role as head of the Coalition Provisional Authority, he reported only to the U.S. Secretary of Defense and exercised authority over Iraq's civil administration
Hamas: a militant Palestinian Islamist organization. Its charter, written in 1988 and still in force, calls for the destruction of the State of Israel as well as any secular Palestinian state, and replacement with an Islamic state based on Sharia. [1] [2] Hamas won 74 out of 132 seats in the January 2006 Palestinian legislative election and is now the majority party of the Palestinian Authority Legislative Council.
Yitzhak Rabin: Israeli politician and general. He was the fifth Prime Minister of Israel from 1974 until 1977 and again from 1992 until his assassination in 1995 by Yigal Amir, a right-wing activist who had strenuously opposed Rabin's signing of the Oslo Accords
John Jay Pollard: former civilian intelligence analyst who pled guilty and was convicted on one count of spying for Israel, and in 1986 received a life sentence with a recommendation against parole.
Washington Institute for Near East Policy: founded in 1985 by Martin Indyk, previously research director of the leading pro-Israel lobby, the American Israel Public Affairs Committee (Aipac). WINEP quickly became one of the most influential think tank concerning US Middle East policy. While it was at first most supportive of Israel's Labour party, it became closer to the right-wing Likud party led by Ariel Sharon.
Ahmed Chalabi: a deputy prime minister in Iraq, and currently interim oil minister [1]. Once dubbed the "George Washington of Iraq" by American Neoconservatives, he has since fallen out of favor and is currently under investigation by several U.S. government sources.
AIPAC: special interest group that lobbies the United States Government on behalf of a strong U.S. - Israel relationship. Describing itself as "America's Pro-Israel Lobby," it is a mass-membership organization including both Jews and non-Jews, and is considered one of the most powerful political lobbies in the United States.
IAEA: The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA, internally often referred to as "The Agency") was established as an autonomous organization on July 29, 1957. It seeks to promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy and to inhibit its use for military purposes
Mahmoud Ahmadinejad: sixth president of the Islamic Republic of Iran. His term began on August 3, 2005.
USIA: United States agency devoted to "public diplomacy." The term public diplomacy (q.v.) is closely related to the word "propaganda," possibly synonymous with it depending on how the latter word is defined.
Tal Afar: important city in northern iraq...many battles and such
George Tenet: Distinguished Professor in the Practice of Diplomacy at Georgetown University and former United States Director of Central Intelligence. He submitted his resignation to the President on June 3, 2004, citing "personal reasons"
John Straw: British Labour Party politician. He was Home Secretary from 1997-2001, becoming Foreign Secretary after the 2001 UK general election. He has been the Member of Parliament for Blackburn since 1979.
Seymour Hersh: American Pulitzer Prize winning investigative journalist and author based in New York City. He is a regular contributor to The New Yorker on military and security matters. iran in the new yorker...pullitzer during viet nam
Jacques Chirac: President of the French Republic...d-bag
National Security Council: principal forum used by the President of the United States for considering national security and foreign policy matters with his senior national security advisors and cabinet officials
Mordechai Vanunu: Israeli former nuclear technician who revealed details of Israel's nuclear weapons program to the British press in 1986. He was subsequently lured to Rome by an Israeli Mossad agent, abducted and smuggled to Israel, where he was tried behind closed doors and convicted of treason
Intelligence Oversight Act: heads of intelligence agencies would keep the oversight committees "fully and currently informed" of their activities including "any significant anticipated intelligence activity. 1980
Mahmoud Abbas: President of the Palestinian National Authority (PNA) on January 9, 2005 and took office on January 15, 2005.
Shimon Peres: Prime minister after Rabin...Peres won the Nobel Peace Prize together with Yitzhak Rabin and Yasser Arafat, for their efforts towards peace which culminated in the Oslo Accords
Colin Powell: United States Secretary of State, serving from January 20, 2001 to January 23, 2005 under President George W. Bush. Nominated by Bush on December 16, 2000 and unanimously confirmed by the United States Senate, Powell became the highest ranking African American government official in the history of the United States (now having been tied by his successor, Condoleezza Rice
United States Agency for International Development: government organization responsible for most non-military foreign aid
Madrid Conference: convened on October 30, 1991 and lasted for three days. It was an early attempt by the international community to start a peace process through negotiations involving Israel and the Arab countries including Syria, Lebanon, Jordan and the Palestinians.
Honsi Mubarak: the fourth President of Egypt for twenty-five years, since 14 October 1981.
Mohammed Khatami: fifth President of Iran from August 2, 1997 to August 2, 2005 and was succeeded by Mahmoud Ahmadinejad.
Madeleine Albright: 64th United States Secretary of State...the Colin Powell
Tower Comission: Chief of Staff in President Ronald Reagan's first administration, United States Secretary of the Treasury from 1985 to 1988 in the second Reagan administration, and Secretary of State in the administration of President George H. W. Bush. He is also the founder of the James Baker Institute.
Paul D. Wolfowitz: He is currently the President of the World Bank, but may be most famous as a prominent architect of the ambitious foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration known as the Bush Doctrine, a role that has made him a controversial and polarizing figure both within the United States and abroad
Anthony Zinni: marine general
Mitchell Plan: a plan in 2001 to immediately end the Israeli - Palestinan Violence
Ali Larijani: Iranian politician, the secretary of the Supreme National Security Council (SNSC) since August 14, 2005 (succeeding Hassan Rowhani). He is one of the two representatives of the Supreme Leader of Iran, Ayatollah Khamenei, to the council
Camp David II: July 2000 took place between United States President Bill Clinton, Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Barak, and Palestinian Authority Chairman Yasser Arafat. It was an ultimately unsuccessful attempt to negotiate a "final status settlement" to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
Taba: another conference at Taba about the Israeli-Palestinian
Dissident Triangle: Those people that are trying to blow the whistle on the big contractors and the like
Weapons that didnâ€™t work for example
Consists of people in the pentagon or contracting that are â€œmolesâ€

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