mus101
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- what will be required for a listener to gain an appreciation for and understanding of an artistic compostion?
- ther more you listen to classical music, the more you'll understand. you'll actually get a deep understanding and apprectiation.
- how is listening to such an artistic compostion similar to studying salvador dali's the hallunicogenic toreador?
- the more you look at the more painting, themore you can see.
- what is the benefit of attending alive musical performance?
- feel a part of the experience. more attentive. more enjoyable.
- what are the bood and bad features of just litening to recored music?
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Pro-better recordings.last longer.if not perfect-can be made perfect.
con- mistakes are made in live performance. has been doctored and is perfect so puts pressure onlive performers. - differences between popular music and art music from a perforcer's point of view
- popular music requires less time to prepare. much less difficult. art music requires more practice. popular music gets old- you want to listen to somehting else. artistisc music can last for centuries.
- where is the ideal place to sit in a concert hall
- balcony-front. middle(box seats) in front of overhang-hear everything well.
- what do you not do at a concert featureing classical music that may be permissible at a popular music concert
- do not sing, cheer, walk around, get up, dress as casually, take flash pictures, record
- what do you do if you arrive late to a classical performance
- wait outside until music stops or until usher lets you in. stay in back.
- when do you applaud in a classical music instrumental concert?
- end of composition
- when do you applaud during operas
- after major vocal solo
- what differences occur between popular music and art music regarding concert attire for performers.
- men in tails. all uniform. seen as a body. not as individual. focus on music.
- what qulities are needed to be an artistic critic?
- journalistic ability. vast knowledge. not a performer-too subjective.
- state some ways in which 20th centruy technology has affected popular and artistic music
- recorde just before WWII. microphones. ampliphiers.
- the abbreviation, Op. refers to waht term. and what does it mean?
- Op. means opus. work #, order in which composer wrote.
- symphony
- instrumental composition-4 movements
- concerto
- one soloist performing with orchestra
- what are so many terms used in music from the italian language
- long tradition of great composers- simply adopted.
- legato
- play as smooth as possible
- staccato
- spaces among notes
- pizzicato
- string term- pluck string
- glissando
- slide to notes.
- tremolo
- string and keyboard play note as quick as possible repeatedly.
- trill
- go between two notes quickly
- stop
- string, organistis play open string then repeat with finger on it.
- double stop
- 2 strings at the same tiem.
- vibrato
- all but horns and clarinets
- mute
- softens and changes pitch slightly. changes color of sound.
- 4 basic families of orchestral instruments
- string, woodwind, brass, percussion
- string
- sound drqn by bow over string. vibrating string. sustained and nice sound. violin, viola, chelo (violonchello) bass(double bass, string bass, contra band, bass viol.) all with no frets
- non orchestral string intruments
- guitar, banjo, madolin, ukelele
- violin
- smallest string intrusment.left of conductor. rounded shoulders
- viola
- right of conductor. rounded shoulders
- chelo-
- must sit down. end pin rests on ground. rounded shoulders.
- bass
- sloping shoulders
- woodwinds
- vibrating reed.
- flute
- usually 2 in orchestra. blow over hole.
- piccolo
- not always in orchestra
- oboe
- 2 in orchestra. tune the orchestra. double reed. nasal sound.
- english horn
- not always in orchestra. lower sound. double reed. bulbous bottom.
- clarinet
- 2 in orchestra. round ful bodied sound
- bass clarinet
- 1 in orchestra.
- bassoon
- 2 in orchestra. double reed. equivelant to range of chelo.
- contra basson.
- must sit. double reed.
- sax
- not in orchestra. more brass sound. single reed.
- Brass intruments in orchestra- list 4
- trumpet, french horn (horn), trombone, tuba
- Brass intruments not in orchestra
- bugle (no valves), cornet (softer sound), souzaphone, baritone horn.
- Percussion
- something struck or hit. 2 types. pitched and unpitched.
- pitched
- piano, timpani(kettle drums)(2 or more), chimes, zylophone, marimba (not as harsh as xylophone, celeste(mini piano)
- unpitched
- snaredrum(rattles, underside of drum)(typical in parade band), bass drum, cymbols, gong, maracas, tamborine, triangle.
- keyboard instruments list 3
- piano, harpsichord, organ
- difference between chorus and choir
- chorus is larger in size than choir;
- a cappella
- w/o instruments
- chamber ensemble
- small # of instrumentalists. ex) trio. each person plays a different part
- difference bewtween syphony orchestra and band
- strings in symphony orchestra
- function of conductor
- keeps group together. tries to mold sound so will have unique characteristic of sound. their own personality.
- what does conductor stand on
- podium
- what does conductor hold in his hand
- baton
- musical score
- all parts together..in front of conductor.
- melody
- succession of single tones or pitches perceived by the mind as a unity
- sound
- vibrations perceived by the human ear; a musical sound is described by its pitch and its duration.
- frequency
- rate of vibrations of a string or column of air, which determines pitch.
- pitch
- highness of lowness of a tone, depending on the frequency (rate of vibration)
- interval
- distance and relationship between two pitches
- melodic range
- the distance between the melody's lowest and highest tone
- melodic shape
- the direction a melody takes as it turns upward or downward or remains static
- conjunct melody
- move principally by small intervals in a joined, connected manner
- disjunct melody
- move in disjointed or disconnected intervals
- phrase
- a unit of meaning within a large structure
- cadence
- phrase end or resting place.
- rhythm
- what moves music forward in time
- beat
- the basic unit we use to measure time
- accent
- the emphasis on a beat resulting in its being louder or longer than another in a measure
- meter
- marked off in measures, organizes the beats in music
- downbeat
- first accented beat of each pattern
- measure
- rythmic group or metrical unit that contains a fixed number of beats, divided on the musical staff by bar lines.
- syncopation
- deliberate upsetting of the meter or pulse through a temporary shifting of the accent to a weak beat or an offbeat.
- harmony
- describes the simultaneous happenings in music. the movement and relationship of intervals and chords.
- diatonic scale
- melodies or harmonies that are built from the tones of a a major or minor scale
- chromatic scale
- the full famut of notes available in the octave.
- chord
- three or more tones are sounded together
- triad
- the most common chord in Western music is a certain combination of three tones.
- key (tonality)
- the principle of organization around a central tone, the tonic,
- dissonacne
- a combination of tones that sounds discordant, unstable, in need of resolution.
- consonance
- a concordant, agreeable combination of musical tones that provides a sense of relaxation or fulfillment.
- monophonic texture
- a single-voiced. interest is focused on the single line rather than on any accompaniament.
- homophonic texture
- a single voice takes over the melodic interest, while the accompanying parts take a subordiante role.
- polyphonic texture
- manyvoices. two or more different melodic lines are combined, thus distributing melodic interest among all the parts.
- imitation
- one method composeres use to give unity and shape to the texture, in which a melodic idea is presented in one voice and then restaed in another. while the imitating voice restates the melody, teh first voice continues with new material.
- canon
- type of ployphonic composition in which one musical line strictly imitates another at a fixed distance throughout.
- round
- perpetual canon at the unison in which each voice enteres in succession with the same melody.
- motive
- short melodic or rhythmic idea, the smallest fragment of a theme that forms a melodic-harmonic-rhythmic unit
- theme
- when a melodic idea is used as a building block in the construction of a musical work.
- thematic development
- the most tightly knit kind of expansion in music. elaborating or varying a musical idea, revealing its capacity for growth.
- call and response
- a singing leader who is imitated by a chorus of followers. responsorical music.
- ostinato
- a short musical pattern- melodic, rhythmic, or harmonic- that is repeated continually throughout a work or a major section of a composition.
- timbre
- tone color. best accounts for the striking differences in the sound of instruments.
- aerophone
- produce sounds by using air as the primary vibrating means.
- chordophone
- produce sound from a vibrating string stretched between two points.
- idiophone
- produce sound from the substance from the instrument itself.
- membranophone
- drum-type instruments that are sounded from tightly stretched membranes.