Test 2 History
Terms
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- What influenced the founding fathers
- Greeks and romans
- John Locke
- blieved in natural rights which meant that all men are created equal.
- proclomation line
- stated that people could not move west after treaty with france
- George Grenville
- was to traise money for the 7 year war debt by taxing the colonists
- Sugar Act
- put tax on sugar coming from the west indies... one of grenville's taxes
- Stamp Act
- said there had to be a stamp on all legal documents such as marriage licences
- Sons of Liberty
- Started by Samual Adams, they tar and feathered the stamp agents
- Declatory Act
- British hastotal sovernty over the colonies
- Townshend Act
- started by Champigne Charlie. It put a tax on tea and other things such as glass
- Virtual Representation
- parliament felt it represented everyone of the British Subject but to the colonist they wanted a person from America there
- Nonimportation agreement
- all the colonies decide to boycott british goods but grenville realizes how much money they are loosing so they have to repeal the acts
- Boston Massacre
- innocent colonists get shot down by birtish troops because they were egging them on.
- Commitees of corespondence
- Thomas Jefferson started it... it was to get news around out throughout the colonies
- quartering act
- soldiers can sleep and eat in anyones house.
- Tea Act
- Taxes on tea... it was to create an monopoly for the British east Indian company.
- rebel the Tea Act
- colonists dressed as indians dumped the tea into boston harbor
- Intollerable Acts
- how teh british punish the bostonias.
- Boston Port act
- an intollerable act, they close the boston ports until the damages are paid from the boston tea party
- Local governments
- intollerable act, they disolved all local governments
- Trials
- Intollerable act.. British soldiers could choose to have their trial in England (no justice against crimes of bitish soldgiers)
- Quebec act
- intollerable act, it gave the french more land and the right to practice catholosm freely
- Who is incharge of local militia
- washington
- Colonial Congress
- they meet inn phladelpia for the first time to dicuss the interable acts. They decide to unify the colonies, organize an army for emergency, and nonimportation/exportation/ and non comsumtion. They decide they will meet one year later to see how things are going
- The association
- they were to help spread the word and inforce what discussed at philidelphia
- Lord North
- last prime minister of significance in the colonies. he institued the intolerable acts and he was inpower during lexington congress
- 2nd continental congress
- the concress met again and put washington offically as military head
- bunker hill
- the britsh win but it is very costly in solgers for them. The only reason why the british win was because the colonists ran out of gun powerder
- Fort Ticonderoga
- it was captured by ethan allen and benedict arnold. It was considered the first american sucess
- Decaration of independence
- it is a document that has two parts 1: preample: all men are created equal. Biggest section is a list of greivences and what was wrong with the king
- British move in 1776
- Brtish decide that boston is unsafe and hostile. they go to new york city
- Olive Branch Petition
- one last pledge to the british for peace and to remain british colonies
- hessian
- They were Prussian mersonaries whom the british hired to help out
- "Common Sense"
- Thomas Paine wrote it.It states that there should be independence. everyone read it. he said why would a small country rule over a bigger one? he uses the anaolgy of the universe. he says when does a large planet revolve around a small on.
- Richard Henry lee
- was the frist one who said the resolution for independence. Afterward a committe is put together to draft it.
- John Hancock
- signed the declaration and his signiture was big so to tell king geroge III who signed it
- Washington
- suffers defeats but boosts the moral of the troops.
- attack on the delaware river/trenten
- attacks the hessans on christmas day
- Howe
- sketches out plan to know out new england. SEE NOTES!!!
- Battle of saratoga
- convinces french to help out the rebels (french navy)
- 1777-1778 winter
- bad winter... fighting slows down. Washington takes refused at valled forge. and is able to convince most troops to stick it out.
- Baron Von stuben and Lafaette
- stuben is german and lagaette is french. they are advisors to wasington and they help to keep the troops together and to help decipline them
- British concentrate on...
- the south reason:more loyalists live there
- Charlson
- lots of loyalists
- Lord Cornwallis
- decides he better go to willmington but he realizes he needs to escape to the north.
- yorktown
- escape place for cormwallis but washington shows up and cornwallis cannot flee because the french end up barcadinging them so cornwallis surrenders. this wakes up the british (is this really working)
- Benadict arnold the traitor
- felt he wanst being respected. he wondered if he should switch cause he thought the british were going to win. Aronold sells out the strong old of the hudson in return for money. but he was caught dong this
- Treaty of paris
- both sides sign a peace agreement. british want: that all the loyalists get their property back and the americans must compensate the merchants. Americans want:british to remove the troops from the midwest and to reconize the independence
- The article of confederation
- dealgits agrees in philidelphia.. it is the first form of a consitution. helps them organize an army and pull all resources to fight british
- problems with the article of confederation
- really weak. 1. no regulation of trade (13 different laws) 2. no power to tax
- bonds
- said we need money and in return we givce you paper that comes with interest
- State focus
- internal issues. (not united states).
- danial shayes
- lead rebellion against taxing in western mass. merchants pay to crush rebellion and they decide to revisit the confederation
- Anaplis, Md
- they address the 1st weaknesses but unsucessful
- Hamalton
- wants to scrap the documents and start over
- new document
- 55 delegates meet from 12 states to edit the confederation but the discussion calles for a new document
- madison
- his idea for legislation branch was the VIRGINIA PLAN
- virginia plan
- two houses have amount of representatives proportional to amount of people in each state. (upper and lower house)
- problem with virginia plan
- small states fill they will be cut out
- william patterson
- says 1 house with 1 representative from each state
- Great Compromise
- bringing the two ideas together by ben franklin. he says that one house (lower house) will be based on population (house of rep) 2nd house (upper house) will have two rep from each state (senate).
- 3/5 compromise
- states that a slave was worth 3/5th of a person
- Executive branch
- president 1)makes treaties with other countries (senite has to ratify) 2) commander in chief of military 3) appointments
- Judiciary act
- set up supreme court (6 to start)
- Federal district course
- bottom course
- the appelette court
- the court of appeals
- 2 groups immmerge
- federists and anti federists. the federists support the document the ani-f.'s dont and are suspicious of states loosng authority over themselves
- 2 states hold out
- north carolina and rhode island but both get in eventually
- federist papers
- a group of essays that convinced people the consitution was a good idea. it was originally issed annonously but was written by madison, hamilton and jay.
- Jeferson
- was anticonsitution. he worried it would be misued.
- Bill of rights
- antifederists said ok your going to win fedraists but if you want us to upport this document then you must safeguard some these rights to secure the rights of future generations
- Constituition was a
- conservative document. it bennifitted the wealthy most