Parasitology Final
Terms
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- long pharynx
- Trichuris
- Adults in rectum and colon
- Trichuris
- Embryonation in soil for 21 days
- Trichuris
- J1 in Crypts of Lubricyne
- Trichuria
- Warm, wet, shady climate
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Trichuria
Family Anclostomidae - Causes prolapses
- Trichuria
- Adults mature in 21 days
- Trichuria
- Parasitic to all parts of the body
- Capillaria
- Where is Capilaria hepatica found
- liver of rodents
- What is the infected stage of capillaria?
- feces
- What is the paratenic host for capillaria hepatica
- cats or dogs
- What does capillaria hepatica cause?
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Jaundice
Scar tissue to parenchyma - intestines of Philippeans
- C. Philippensis
- lungs of cats and dogs
- C. aerophila
- commercial fox farms
- C. aerophila
- Crop of chickens and turkeys
-
C. annulata
C. caudinflata - What's the intermediate host of C. annulata and C. caudinflata?
- Earthworm
- smallest nematode of humans
- Trichinella spiralis
- Temperate zones
- Trichinella spiralis
- Widely spread-possibly cosmopolitan
- Trichinella spiralis
- Tropical
- Trichinella nelsoni
- Arctic
- Trichinella pseudospiralis
- First found in racoons
- Trichinella pseudospiralis
- Where is Trichinella adults found
- WOVEN/THREADED in intestine
- Where are the eggs laid in Trichinella?
- intestinal villi
- larvae encyst in skeletal muscle
- Trichinella
- Name the 2 forms of Trichinella
-
Urban-wild animals, no humans
Sylvatic-humans, hogs, rats in triangle - In Trichinella, who do humans infect?
- No one (dead end host) unless cannabolism
- What disease does Trichinella cause?
- Trichinellosis or Trichinosis
- List the 3 stages of Trichinella pathogenisity
-
1. Penetration of females into mucosa
2. Migration of juveniles
3. Encystment into skeletal muscle - What happens when females penetrate intestinal mucosa in Trichinella
- Food poisoning like symptoms (12-48 hr PI), facial edema (5-7 days), severe tissue damage, 2nd bacterial infection
- What happens when juveniles are migrating in Trichinella?
-
Damage to blood vessels and localized edema.
Pnemonia
Pleurisy
Encephalitis
Meningitis
Nephritis
Deafness
Peritonitis
Brain/Eye Damage
Lower Jaw - What happens when juveniles penetrate and encyst in skeletal muscle in Trichinella?
-
Low BP and pulse, muscles hurt, difficult to breath/swallow, nervous disorders that lead to hallucinations.
Death due to heart, kidney, respirtory failure and toxemia - parasite of aquatic birds and terrestrial mammals
- Order Diotophymata
- Largest worm of mammals
- diocophyma renale
- Thick shelled egg in water
- dioctophyme renale
- embryonation occurs in water
- dioctophyme renale
- 1/2-3 month embryonation
- dioctophyme renale
- ingested by oligochaete
- dioctopyme renale
- Where will the parasite penetrate the ventral vessel and develop to J3
- The oligochaete in dioctophyme renale
- What eats the oligochaete in Dioctophyme renale?
- Fish or frog
- travels to liver
- Dioctophyme renale
- Worm parasitizes the left kidney
- Dioctophyme renale
- Why wouldn't parasites show up on fecal flotations?
- Parasites aren't in the feces. They may be in muscle on other organ
- Bridges parasitism and freeliving
- Order Rhabditata
- Compare/contrast parasitic and freeliving in Strongyloides stercoralis
-
Parasitic-haploid, only females-no sperm in seminal recepticles
Freeliving-Diploid, male and female - juveniles enter skin
-
Strongyloides stercoralis
Family Anclyostomidae - Where do eggs hatch in Strongyloides stercoralis?
- intestine
- First parasite we looked at to use viseral larva migration
- Strongyloides stercoralis
- breaks into alveoli
- strongyloides stercoralis
- Rolling in the hay, tall grass
- Strongyloides stercoralis
- List the pathology for strongyloides stercoralis
-
1. Invasion
2. Pulmonary
3. Intestinal - Symptoms similar to bronchial pneumonia
- stongyloides stercoralis
- What is the hookworm
- Order Strongylata
- What is the whipworm
- Trichuris
- wear shoes
- strongyloides stercoralis
- Evolved from Rhabdites
- Order Strongylata
- Killer worms
- Order Strongylata
- 2-4-8 celled embryos
- Family Anclostomidae
- Where are eggs in Family Anclostomidae?
- Feces
- Where do eggs hatch in Ancylostomidae?
- feces
- What is the infective stage in Ancylostomidae?
- J3
- How does Ancylostomidae get into a human?
- burrows in skin
- Urine is fatal to development
- Family Ancylostomidae
- How do anclostomidae get into the intetines?
- VLM, TE
- Transmitable placental and mamory
- Ancylostomidae
- Life Cycle takes 5 weeks
- Ancylostomidae
- American human killer
- Necator americanus
- Probably introduced in slave trade
- Necator americanus
- 95% of hookworms in Southern US are this
- Necator americanus
- Chinese/Indi/European variety
- Ancylostoma duodenal
- French horses
- Ancylostoma duodenal
- Creeping Eruption
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Ancylostoma duodenal
Ancylostama caninum - Ground Itch
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due to migrating juveniles
Ancylostoma duodenal - Pyogenic Bacteria
- Ancylostoma duodenal
- Can survive paratenic host
- Ancylostoma duodenal
- What animals in Ancylostoma caninum found in
- cats, dogs, humans
- Killed in skin
- Ancylostoma caninum
- Cutaneous Larval Migrant
- Ancylostoma caninum
- Attatches to intestinal villi and feeds. Contains anticouagulate enzyme
- ancylostoma caninum
- bloody feces
- ancylostoma caninum (all 3-N. americanus, A. duodenal, A. caninum)
- anemia as a symptom
- A. caninum
- May find nuclei in blood smear
- Ancylostoma caninum
- In domestic animals
- Family Trichostrongylidae
- Biggest problem in sheep, cows, goats-anything with ruman
- Family Trichostrongylidae
- abomasum of ruminants
- Haemonchus contortus
- causes anemia, emaciation, edema, intestinal disorder
- Haemoncus contortus
- Hookworm similar to Haemonchus contortus
- Ostertagia
- hookwork of horses
- Trichostongylus sp.
- death due to cholic
- trichostongylus sp.