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World History Chapter 33

No Section 3

Terms

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Guest Workers
Since the 50s, immigrants from former colonies settled in Europe; some Europeans resented them, and so much discrimination; what were they called?
Military, nuclear
Russia's not a superpower anymore, but it still has influence by having a large _ and keeping a _ arsenal;
Kosovo
A Yugoslavian province had a historic part of Serbia, but over the centuries many Albanians, Muslim, settled there; So in 1989, Milosevic ended self-rule that Muslims had in this area; What was the area called?
US
Weakened by WWII and loss of an empire, Britain stepped down from global leadership and gave it to what country?
Roman Catholic Church
What was a key rallying point for the Poles to oppose the communist regime, and was very suppressed by communists?
Sputnik
In 1957, the Soviets launched an artificial satellite to orbit the earth; what was the name of the orbit?
1961
The Berlin Wall was built in what year to stop thousands of East Germans in Berlin to flee to the West?
Commonwealth of Nations
Even though the British empire shrank, some colonies preserved ties by joining what organization?
Dubcek, Czechoslovakia
"Socialism with a human face." - Who says it? Where?
Disarmament
Mutual distrust blocked too much progress at _ talks to reduce the threat of nuclear destruction;
Balance of Terror
The Cold War triggered an arms race, and neither side dared to stop; each side wanted to have the power to deter the other from launching nuclear weapons; what was this called?
Welfare State
Roots in late 1800s; governments passed reforms to ease the hardships of the industrial age; during that time period Germany, Britain, and others set up unemployment insurance and old-age pensions; this leads to what in the modern day?
Detente
The American and Soviet leaders promoted an era of relaxed tensions called what?
Labour Party
In 1997, the British went back to the _ Party, with Tony Blair in office; wanted a "third way" between traditional right and left;
Sphere of Influence
After WWII, Soviet Union emerged as a super power and under Stalin it established a _ of _ from the Baltic to the Balkans;
NATO
In 1995 what group launched air strikes against the Bosnian Serb military?
Market economy
When Berlin was unified again, what did the east have to adapt to in w. Europe;
Bad
How did Britain feel about the euro being introduced? (good/bad)
Insane Asylum
Brezhnev hated dissidents; they could face arrestment and imprisonment or even being sent to an _ _.
Common Market
To get closer with other Western European nations, Britain joined what group in 1973?
Industries
Italy still remains divided; in the urban north, _ were rebuilt and prospered.
International Monetary Fund, UN, World Bank
New Nations had a hard time switching to market economies; Ukraine, Kazakhstan, and Belarus gave up nuclear weapons; what 3 groups did nations seek help from?
Industries
OPEC raises oil production in 73 and 79, causing a severe recession in most European countries; What is oil used to fuel in western Europe?
Collectivized agriculture
What remained so unproductive in the Soviet Union that they had to import grain to feed their people?
entered NATO
Hungary, Poland, Czech Republic; What do these three countries have in common, post-Cold War?
Strengh
What did Vladimir Putin portray the Russians have always traditionally admired in leaders, and something Russia really needed?
A bureaucracy
What determined what to produce, how much, and for whom in the Soviet Union, instead of supply-and-demand?
Chechnya
Minorities within Russia sought greater autonomy; in 1994 Yeltsin failed his attempt to crush a revolt in what region of the Cauacasus Mountains?
Warsaw Pact, NATO
Two hostile military alliances were formed: Communists in E. Europe who formed the _ _ and the western democracies who formed _.
Serbo-Croatian; Serbia
Yugoslavia was created after World War I with many republics - Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia, Herzegovina, Macedonia, Slovenia, and Montenegro; it had ethnic groups of Orthodox Christian Serbs, Roman Catholic Croats, and Muslim Bosnians; all spoke 1 similar language called what? What ethnic group dominated?
algeria, vietnam
Two French colonies waged colonial wars, that further drained France; What countries were they?
Glasnost
Gorbachev launched 1 of 2 efforts at home; this one is called openness. He ended censorship, and encouraged people to discuss the country's problems. What is it called?
china, cuba
Charles de Gaulle made peace with the Algerians without bloodshed; he developed a nuclear force; he opposed the cold war, so he chatted with 2 communist countries; which ones?
European Parliament
The Common Market/European Community set up a multinational body elected by citizens of the countries involved; the powers are limited, but still prospered; what did they set up?
france
The Fourth Republic, set up in 1946, was ineffective and widely criticized by all; What country was it set up in?
The Dayton Accords
When NATO launched air strikes, peace talks began; guided by the US Bosnia, Croatia, and Serbia signed a series of peace agreements; what were they called?
Gorbachev
Whose reform(s) in Soviet Union brought about shortages, soaring prices, high unemployment, red unrest, etc?
Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Slovenia
After Tito dies, the ruling Serbs tried to keep the multinational state together, but republics declared independence. Which ones? (alpha)
Perestroika
Gorbachev launched 1 of 2 efforts at home; this one is about the restructuring of the government and economy; he hoped to boost efficiency by reducing the size of the bureaucracy. Backed some free market enterprise, though; What is this called?
Labour Party
What party did British voters put in power, hoping it could help the nation recover from WWII in 1945?; went to welfare states, unemployment insurance, old-age pensioins, nationalized industries, build housing for poor, and medicare; taxes rose tremendously
Solidarity
Lech Walesa organized an independent trade union with millions of members; shipyard workers; What was the name of their union?
Higher taxes
When Berlin was unified again, what did the west have to pay to finance rebuilding of the east?
Poland
Who was the Soviet Unions most troublesome satellite?
Prices, unemployment
To solve economic problems, Yeltsin gained western aid, more state-run industries, and collective farms; changed to a market economy; what two things soared out of control?
Brezhnev Doctrine, Gorbachev
Brezhnev wrote a doctrine that asserted that the SU had a right to intervene militarily in any Warsaw Pact Nation; he also pursued détente and disarmament with the US; What was the name of the Doctrine? Who renounced it?
arms race
The Cold War triggered an _ _, with both sides producing huge arsenals of nuclear weapons.
Bosnia
What province broke up in civil war among Muslims, Serbs, and Croats?
Marshall Plan
What plan helped western Europeans recover quickly from World War II?
Mafia
What is the name of a violent criminal syndicate that defied government efforts to end its power, especially in the south?
Hungary, Freedom fighters
Imre Nagy in what country ended 1 party rule and withdrew his country from the Warsaw Pact? Krushchev was mad, so a Hungarian group called _ _ fought; called for help from the west and none came.
Muslims
In Bosnia during the civil war, which group was the majority and didn't want the country to divide into ethnic regions?
North, south
Soviet backed governments in _ Vietnam and Korea; US backed governments in _ Vietnam and Korea;
Corruption, financial scandals
Political divisions in Italy lead to instability; since no one could win, Italy had a coalition after coalition. What two things added to instability? (alpha)
Economic miracle
Konrad Adenauer of W. Germany guided rebuilding of cities, factories and trade; this _ _ raised European fear of a revival; so, Germany worked closely with France and US, and played a key role in NATO and European Community;
Kosovo Liberation Army
After Milosevic ended self-Rule of Muslims in Kosovo, a small guerrilla warfare broke out; what was the name of it?
East
In Germany, Berlin was divided into 2 parts; Which of the sides was communist?
Ostopolitik
1969 - W. German Chancellor Willy Brandt tried to ease tensions with the east; what did he call his policy? He kept close ties with west, but signed treaties with SU and Poland; signed a treaty of mutual reorganization with E. Europe;
Soviet Union invades Afghanistan
What stopped the détente between the Soviet Union and the United States in 1979?
Serbia
Yugoslavia got an air strike by UN and NATO, after demands to make peace failed; Yugoslavia finally withdrew from Kosovo, and international force helped Kosovars organize a gov. and rebuilt homes and factories; During this time, opposition to Milosevic's policies grew where? It led to a mass political opposition in 2000;
European Union, Euro
In the 1980s and 1990s, the Common Market took a new name; It promoted regional prosperity, peace, and security; it pushed for economic unity and greater political unity; also launched a currency used by member nations; What is the new name, and what is the name of the new currency?
Nuclear Test Ban Treaty
1963's treaty banning the testing of nuclear weapons in the atmosphere; underground was allowed still;
De Stalinization
Stalin's successor, Krushchev shocked members when he denounced his policy of what? It didn't change goals, but it reed many political prisoners, eased censorship, and called for a peaceful coexistence with the West to end the Cold War;
Cyprus
In 1967, military rulrs came to power in Greece; the government in 1974 supported an attempt to bring a Mediterranean Island inhabited by Greeks and Turks under Greek rule; What is the name of the island?
40 years
How long did the Cold War last?
forcibly kept
The Berlin wall was embarrassing for the Soviets because it showed that workers had to be _ _ in the East.
China, India, Japan
The service industry was created when factories couldn't make goods as cheaply as elsewhere; what 3 major countries were the reason of this? (alpha.)
Peasant
Italy still remains divided; in the rural south, the _ population remained poorer;
European Coal and Steel Community
1952 - France, West Germany, Belgium, Italy, Netherlands, and Luxembourg all set up a community; it regulates coal and steel industries of member states;
Natural resources
Unrest begins when Stalin forced satellites in the 1950s to sell _ _ only to the Soviet Union and provide troops and money to support the Warsaw Pact;
Low output
The result of inefficiencies in central economic planning in the Soviet Union was _ _.
Jobs, Savings
1998 - Russia barely avoids financial collapse when it defaulted; the ruble collapsed; the economy survived but banks and businesses closed; what did people lose? (2)
1998
Ireland won independence in 1922, but controlled 6 northern counties with a Protestant majority; violence escalated in 60s and 70s, by the (IRA); Peace talks were finally signed in what year?
Nationalism
What helped unite countries like Poland, but worked as a divisive force in countries with Ethnic tensions?
Conservative Party
In 1979, the British turned to which party, denouncing the welfare state as costly and inefficient? Lead by Margaret Thatcher; reduced social welfare programs, returned industries to private control; didn't revive economy as much as hoped
Common Market, European Community
1957 - France, West Germany, Belgium, Italy, Netherlands, and Luxembourg all signed another treaty to expand free trade; it eventually ended tariffs and allowed workers and capital to move freely across borders; (2 Names; apha.)
Serbs
In Bosnia during the civil war, who wanted autonomous regions and received money from the Yugoslav president, Milosevic?
Nationalized, expanded
To revive their economy France _ some industries and _ social welfare benefits;
Unwed Mothers
Family life seemed less stable as the divorce rate climbed; at the same time, an increasing number of children were being born to _ _; dependent on 1 income, single-parent families saw poverty
Hungary
The thaw in the Cold War had limits; what country revolted and in 1956 Kruschev sent troops to smash them? He also clamped critics when they got to bold,
Pope John Paul II
What major religious leader went to Poland and met with Solidarity leaders?

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