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am hist final

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How did U.S. soldiers come to be called G.I's?
government issue
What was an "allotment Annie"
women who married GIs for a monthly check and a life insurance policy
What new word did GIs give the English language describing military incompetence?
SNAFU-- situation normal all fouled up
What did the Japanese put 60,000 POWs to work building in Burma?
a rail line
What star of "Gone with the Wind" was shot down on a secret mission?
Leslie Howard
What nicknames were the Jeep given in WWII?
The Iron Pony, The Leaping Lena, The Panzer Killer
Of the five commodities listed, which three were mostly to cause a truck to be hijacked?
liquor, rayon, shoes
Why was the sinking of the U.S.S. Juneau given heavy newspaper coverage?
5 brothers were killed when this destroyer was sunk--Sullivan brothers
military changed policy-- no more than 1 family member on same ship
What happened at the Universoty of Chicago on 12/2/42
the 1st controlled and sustained atomic reaction, which led to the atomic bomb
What were the 5 code names given to the beaches of Normandy
gold, sword, juno, Utah, Omaha
There were over 4600 casualties on the Normandy beaches on D-Day. Where did the great majority of them occur?
Omaha beach
Whose legs were so famous that they were painted on bombers
Betty Grable-- #1 pinup of WWII
Rita Hayworth--#2
Dorothy Lamour--#3
What was "Tora, Tora, Tora?"
Tiger=tora
code used by Japanese
"surprise attack was a success"
How were belly gunners of B-175 selected?
the shortest guy was put as a belly gunner
What peculiar distinction do army privates C.M. Kuhl and P.G. Bennet share?
both slapped by General Patent
Who were the 8 future presidents on active or inactive duty during WWII?
Eisenhower, Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon, Ford, Carter, Reagan, Bush
Who said, "among the American's serving on Iwo island, uncommon valor was a common virtue"?
Admiral Nimitz
what was a WASP?
Women's Air Force Service Pilots-- 1st woman in history trained to fly American military aircrafts.
What was a WAAC?
Women's Army Auxilary Core-- took over desk jobs of men (in army)
What were the WAVES
Women Accepted For Volunteer Emergency Service-- women in navy that took desk jobs of men in navy
What was "the enigma"?
German coding machine
What were the Shinyo?
Japanese suicide speedboats
What was the significance of the Battle of Midway?
US navy established superiority over the Japanese navy
What did Henry Fonda, Walter Mathau, David Niven, and Jimmy Stewart have in common?
all famous actors in the 30s and 40s
-- all went on to be decorated WWII soldiers
What do John Wayne, Frank Sinatra, Errol Flynn, and Gary Cooper have in common?
famous actors that attempted to join military but were rejected
What American entertainer living in France served as a spy for the French resistance?
Josephine Baker
--famous African American dancer and singer
What did the word "gadget" mean during WWII?
code word for atomic bomb?
Who was the "father of the atomic bomb?"
Robert Oppenheimer
Which WWII land battle had the greatest number of participants?
Battle of the Bulge-- over a mil men
what does the "D" in d-day stand for?
Day
Why did Truman decide to use the atomic bomb on Japan?
to save American lives
--he didn't want to lose up to 1 million servce men with a full scale attack on Japan
What planes were responsible for dropping atomic bombs?
Enola Gay and Bock's car
What were the nicknames given to the bombs dropped in Japan?
Little Boy and Fat Man
Who were the "shadow people?"
ashy remains of people that were instantly destroyed by atomic bombs
When was V-E Day?
May 8, 1945
When was V-J day?
August 15, 1945
What historic event took place on August 14, 1945?
Japan unofficially surrenders
When did WWII oficially end?
September 2, 1945
What Allied power suffered the most casualties and death?
the soviet union (russia)
What were the Nuremberg Trials?
high-ranking Nazi officials were charged with things they did to Jews in WWII
What were the Tokyo trials?
The Japanese version of the Nuremberg trials
Were any of the major war criminals ad the Tokyo Trials found guilty?
yes-- Tojo, Hirota, and five generals sentenced to death by hanging
Why was sugar rationed?
it was used in production of alcohol, which was used in explosives
Slaughterhouse cases, 1873
court ruled that there was a sharp distinction between state and federal rights and priveleges
Civil Rights cases, 1883
S.C. narrowly defined the civil rights guaranteed by the 14th amendment
--court ruled that 14th amendment protected individuals from state actions, not individual actions
US v E.C. Knight Co., 1895
1st significant case to challange the Sherman Anti trust act
--court ruled that monopoly control of manufacturing was not the same as monopoly control of commerce.
In re Debs, 1895
court upheld governments use of injuction against strikes
Abrams v. US, 1919
5 Russian immigrants printed leaflets b/c they were mad that America didn't recognize communism
--arrested under Esp. and Sed. acts
--SC ruled that in time of war, gov has expanded authority.
Schecter Poultry Corp v US, 1935`
Sick chicken case
--SC ruled the NRA was unconstitutional
US v. Butler ,1936
SC decision that ruled the AAA(agricultrue Adjustment Act) unconst.
(AAA-paid farmers not to grow crops so production decreased and prices increased)
Minersville School District v. Gobitis, 1940
2 children refused to say pledge and were expelled
--SC upheld their expulsions
West Virginia State Bd. of Edu. v. Barnette, 1943
SC reversed Gobitis case.
--ruled that it wasn't necessary for a student to be expelled for not saying the pledge for religious reasons.
Smith v. Allwright, 1944
TX dem limited membership in their party to only white.
--SC ruled that this practice violated the 15th amend.
Engel v. Vitale, 1962
SC ruled that it was not business of government to compose official prayer for schools-- violation of 1st amendment
Miranda v. Arisona, 1966
court ruled that Miranda's const. rights under 5th , 6th, and 14th amend. had been violated.--also said that police officers were to inform the criminal that they had the right to remain silent, right to an attorney, and anything you say can be used ag. you
US v Nixon, 1974
WATERGATE
--court ruled that Nixon had to hand over tapes b/c pres doesn't have absolute privelege of immunity
Texas v. Johnson, 1989
state of Texas had passed a law punishing those who burned flag in protest
--SC ruled law unconst. in violation of freedom of speech
US v. Eichmann, 1990
Cong passed law staing that if you burn a flag, it was fed offense
--SC declared fed law unconst.
"The only thing we have to fear is fear itself"
FDR
"Decemeber 7, 1941, A date which will live in infamy."
FDR
"The buck stops here"
Truman
"Old soldiers never die, they just fade away."
General MacArthur
"Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country."
JFK
"Some men see things as they are and say 'why', I dream things that never were and say 'why not'!
Ted Kennedy
"We believe that all me are created equal, but many are denied equal treatment."
Lyndon Johnson
".....I am not a crook."
Nixon
"Mr Gorbadner, tear down this wall"
Ronald Reagan
"1976 will not be politics as usual. It can be a year of inspiration and hope."
Jimmy Carter
"Gov't is not the solution to the prob, governemt is the problem."
Ronald Reagan
"The world could wait no longer"
George H Bush
"There is nothing wrong with America that can not be cured by what is right in America.
Bill Clinton
"The wisest use of American strength is to advance freedom."
George W. Bush
Who were the permanent members of the UN security council?
US, GB, Soviet Union, France, and China
What term for localized military action with no formal declaration of war is used to describe Korean war?
police action
What vehicle was used for first time in Korean war to transport troops into battle?
helicopters
What is the dividing line between North and South Korea?
38th parallel
Who was first Supreme commander of NATO?
Eisenhower
What was USSR's response to NATO?
Warsaw Pact
What was the imaginary barrier preventing the free exchange of ideas in Europe?
iron curtain
Who was the first US pres to visit China?
Nixon
Who was the thin English model who became the rage in the 1960s
Twiggy
What Rachel Carson book started the environmental movement?
Silent Spring
What was the name of the 1st US space program?
Mercury
Who was the 1st African American to attend the University of Mississippi?
James Meredith
Who was the 1st African American Congress woman?
Shirley Chisholm
Who shot MLK, Jr. in 1968?
James Earl Ray
What was the famous investigation of the Kennedy assassination?
The Warren commision
What nation was dragged into the Vietnam war in 1966?
Cambodia
What was LBJ's domestic agenda?
The Great Society
What US senator was investigated for the death of Mary Jo Kopechne at Chappaquiddick?
Ted Kennedy

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