gov test 4
gov
Terms
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- Social Security Act
- A 1935 law that established old-age insurance and assistance for the needy, children, and others and unemployment insurance
- Regan Doctrine
- Policy that the United States would provide military assistance to anticommunist groups fighting against pro-Soviet governments
- Unilateralism
- A national policy of action without consulting others
- Reserve Requirements
- Governmental requirements that a portion of member banks deposits must be retained to back loans made.
- Federal Reserve Board
- A seven-member board that sets member banks reserve requirements, controls the discount rate, and makes other economic decisions.
- Public Policy
- an intentional course of action followed by government in delaing with some problem or matter of concern
- Interventionist State
- Alternative to the laissez-faire state; the government takes an active role in guiding and managing the private economy
- Isolationism
- A national policy of avoiding participation in foreign affairs.
- Policy Formulationthe
- crafting of appropriate and acceptable proposed courses of action to ameliorate or resolve public problems
- Economic Stability
- A situation in which there is economic growth, rising national income, high employment, and steadiness in the general level of prices.
- Medicare
- The federal program established in the Lynden B. Johnson administration what provides medical care to elderly social security recipients
- Inflation
- A rise in the general price levels of an economy.
- Spanish American War
- brief 1898 war against Spain because of Spanish brutality in Cuba and U.S. desire to attain overseas territory.
- Laize-Faire
- A French term literally meaning to allow to do, to leave alone. It is a hands-off governmental policy that is based on the belief that governmental involvement in the economy is wrong
- Social Regulation
- Governmental regulation of the quality and safety of products as well as the conditions under which goods and services are produced
- Medicade
- An expansion of mdicade this program subsidizes medical care for the poor Fluctuation between expansion and recession that is a part of modern capitalist economies
- Economic Regulation
- Governmental regulation of business practices, industry rates, routes, or areas serviced by particular industries.
- Nixon Doctrine
- The policy implemented at the end of the Vietnam War that the United States would provide arms and military equipment to countries but not do the fighting for them.
- Agenda Setting
- The constant process of forming the list of issues to be addressed by government
- Policy Implementation
- The process of carrying out public policy through governmental agencies and the courts
- Means-tested program
- Income security program intended to assist those whose incomes fall below a designated level.
- Social Welfare Policy
- Government programs designed to improve quality of life
- Collective Security
- The concept that peace would be secured if all countries collectively opposed any country that invaded another
- Moralism
- The policy of emphasizing morality in foreign affairs.
- Monetary Policy
- A form of government regulation in which the nations money supply and interest rates are controlled
- Entitlement Program
- Income security program to which all those meeting eligibility criteria are entitled
- National Security Council
- Executive agency responsible for advising the president about foreign and defense policy and events.
- Recession
- A short-term decline in the economy that occurs as investment sags, production falls off, and unemployment increases
- Pragmatism
- The policy of taking advantage of a situation for national gain
- Non-means based program
- Program such as social security where benefits are provided irrespective of the income or means of recipients
- Open market operations
- The buying and selling of government securities market.
- NATO
- North Atlantic Treaty Organization- The first peacetime military treaty the United States joined, NATO is a regional political and military organization created in 1950
- Manifest Destiny
- Theory that the United States was divinely mandated to expand across North America to the Pacific Ocean
- Embargo Act
- Passed by congress in 1807 to prevent U.S. ships from leaving U.S. ports for foreign ports without the approval of the federal government
- Discount Rate
- The rate of interest at which member banks can borrow money from their regional Federal Reserve Bank.
- Brettonwoods Agreements
- International financial agreement signed shortly before the end of World War 2 that created the world band and the international monetary fund.
- Policy Evaluation
- The process of determining whether a cours of action is achieving its intended goals
- Roosevelt Corollary
- Concept developed by President Theodore Roosevelt early in the twentieth century that it was the U.S. responsibility to assure stability in Latin America and the Caribbean
- Carter Doctrine
- Policy announced after the 1979 soviet invasion of Afghanistan that the Persian Gulf area was a vital U.S. interest and the United States would fight to maintain access to it.
- Fiscal Policy
- Federal government policies on taxes, spending and debt management; intended to promote the nations macroeconomic goals, particularly with respect to employment, price stability, and growth.
- Tariffs
- Taxes on imports used to raise government revenue and to protect infant industries
- Gross Domestic Product
- The total market value of all goods and service produce in a country during a year.
- Truman Doctrine
- U.S. policy initiated in 1947
- International Monitary Fund
- International governmental organization crated shortly before the end of World War 2 to stabilize international financial relations through fixed monetary exchange rates
- Multi-lateralism
- The U.S. foreign policy that actions should be taken in cooperation with other states after consultation
- Monroe Doctrine
- President James Monroe's 1823 pledge that the United States would oppose attempts by European states to extend their political control into the Western Hemisphere
- Containment
- Strategy to oppose expansion of Soviet power, particularly in Western Europe and East Asia, with military power, economic assistance, and political influence
- Governmental Agenda
- The changing list of issues to which governments believe they should address themselves