Post WWII
Terms
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- Diem refuses to hold elections 1956
- NV attacks South to overthrow gov. SV civilians try to overthrow SV gov(Viet Cong
- Eisenhower begins sending military aid to help SV
- Domino Theory- if SV becomes communist so will surrounding countries (pres. Kennedy continues policy 1961)
- 1964 US ships shot at by NV on NV coast
- Congress adopts Gulf of Tonkin Resolution-gives pres. Johnson permission to use military in Vietnam
- Guerilla Warfare used by enemy in Vietnam
- fight long to tired out opponent, NOT try to gain land, NO uniforms, ANY AGE or GENDER, success measured by body count
- Limited Warfare
- no nuclear weapons, not much fighting out of SV, allowed enemies to retreat to nearby countries
- 1968 Tet Offensive
- Vietnamese Tet Holiday, massive attack against SV, stopped by US forces, caused many in US to doubt military policy in Vietnam
- 1969 Nixon reduces US role in Vietnam
- 1973 US pulls out of Vietnam completely
- 1975 NV conquers SV reunifies it as Communist country
- Agent Orange-chemical US used to kill jungle to be able to see and kill enemy, caused health problems in everyone around it
- 1979 USSR invades Afghanistan
- US supports rebels, USSR's "Vietnam" USSR pulls out in late 1980's
- 1980's Reagan begins spending a lot on military and runs up large national debt
- Soviet Union tries to keep up and bankrupts country(cold war ends)
- Persian Gulf War 1991
- US sends troops to free Kuwait from Iraq invasion, fears Iraq will try to get Saudi Arabia to control oil, do not overthrow Saddam Hussein because of number of people it would kill, first use of Smart Bombs
- Marshall plan? 1947
- U.S. gives over $13 billion to help European countries hurt by WWII
- Berlin airlift
- 1948 soviets cut off access to west berlin so us and britain parachute supplies for 327 days
- NATO North-Atlantic Treaty Organization
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US helps to create in 1949
Militaries from member countries train together to protect each other - McCarthy Era
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Senator Joseph McCarthy accused many US Gov. People of being communist
Many feared being guilty until proven innocent - Japanese driven out of Korea by whom? 1945
- Soviets from North, US from South, meet near 38th parallel
- Korean Gov. 1948
- Comm. in North, non-Comm. in South
- N korea invade South 1950
- US leads UN to stop NK, lasts 3 yrs, ends with 38th parallel agreement
- Berlin Wall, 1961
- east Germany builds wall around West Berlin to keep people from escaping
- Bay of Pigs Invasion 1961
- US trained and gave aid to group og Cuban refugees who tried to overthrow Castro but failed.
- Cuban Missile Crisis 1962
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US spy plane took pictures of Soviet missile Silos being built in Cuba
Pres. Kennedy orders US Navy blockade of Cuba
Soviet ships turn around and missiles are later removed - Vietnam
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1883-French
1940-Japan
1945-freed of Japanese rule(after WWII) - Ho Chi Minh
-
led Vietnamese against Japan
declares Vietnam INDEPENDENT country
Communist - France fights to regain Vietnam against Ho Chi Minh 1946
- 1954 US pays France's expenses to prevent Communist takeover
- Geneva Conference
- sides in Vietnam- split at 17th parallel, Ho Chi Minh runs NV, Diem runs SV, country reunited in 1956 w/ free elections to select leader
- Situation between communist and non-communist countries (1948-1991)
- Cold War
- Why did the cold war begin?
- Soviets created their own nuclear bomb
- Why is it called the Cold War
- no actual fighting occured, MAD
- Why MAD? Mutually assured destruction
- nuclear weapons meant both sides would be wiped out
- why war?
- arms race
- Truman Doctrine?
- set goal to prevent communism