History--Semester 1
Terms
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10.1
Allies - The alliance of France, Britian, and Russia in WWI.
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10.1
Central Powers - The Alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire in WWI.
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10.1
Militarism - Glorification of the military.
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10.1
What move toward lasting peace was made by the First Universal Peace Conference? - It formed a world court to settle disputes between nations
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10.1
Pan-Slavism - Followers believed that all Slavic people shared a common nationality. Russia thought it was its duty to protect the smaller Slavic nations as Russia was the largest.
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10.1
What was a leading cause of international tension in the early 1900s? - Aggressive nationalism
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9.3
Great Salt March - Gandhi's march to the sea to protest British policies.
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9.3
Muhammad Ali Jinnah - Leader of the Muslim League
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9.3
What did the Indian nationalists expect after helping Britain in WWI? - Greater self-government
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9.3
What method did Gandhi adopt in his stuggle against British injustice? - Nonviolence
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9.3
What American philosopher influenced Gandhi? - Henry David Thoreau
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9.3
What is an example of a protest urged by Gandhi? - A boycott of British goods
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9.3
Why did Gandhi undertake the Great Salt March? - To end the British salt monopoly
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9.3
What idea did Muhammad Ali Jinnah support? - A separate state for Muslims.
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10.1
Why did the British feel threatend by Germany? - German factories outproducted British factories.
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10.1
What brought France and Germany twice to the brink of war in the early 1900s? - Competition for colonies
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What was one result of militarism? - The arms race
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10.1
What was the main intention of the alliances formed among European nations? - To discourage outside attacks.
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10.2
Gavrilo Princip - The Serbian who assianated Archduke Francis Ferdinand in 1914.
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8.3
Young Turks - Group who overthrew the Ottoman sultan in 1908
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8.3
Who led the Islamic reform movement that sprang up in Sudan? - the Mahdi
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8.3
Which countries sought to benefit from the show crumbling of the Ottoman Empire. - Britain, France, Russia, and Germany
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8.3
What did Muhammad Ali do to strengthen Egypt? - instituted political and economic reforms
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8.3
What was the result of the nationalist refolt that erupted in Egypt in 1882? - Britain made Egypt a protectorate.
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8.3
How did the discovery of oil in Iran affect imperialist interests in the region. - Britian and Russia maneuvered for control of the the oil fields.
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8.4
Cash Crop - Product that can be sold on the world market.
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8.4
East India Company - Controlled 3/5 of India by the mid-1800s
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8.4
Indian National Congress - Group that supported self-rule and continued western-style modernization.
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8.4
Muslim League - Formed in 1906 to pursue a separate Musilm state
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8.4
Ram Mohun Roy - Hailed as the founder of Indian nationalism
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8.3
Mahdi - Led a resistance to British expansion in the Sudan
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8.4
Although the East India Company improved roads in India, their main goal was to... - ...make money
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8.4
One of the causes that led to the Sepoy rebellion was... - ...a law that allowed Hindus to remarry
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8.4
Britain transformed Indian agriculture by... - ...pushing farmers to grow cash crops.
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8.4
Ram Mohun Roy revived pride in Hindu culture by... - ...setting up learned societies.
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8.4
Indian exposure to European ideas resulted in... - ...a move toward nationalism.
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9.2
Emilio Aguinaldo - Led Filipino nationalist struggle. When he was captured, the other Filipions gave up, too.
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8.4
Chulalongkorn - Modernized Thailand between 1868 and 1910
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9.2
French Indochina - French holdings in Southeast Asia. Made of Loas, Cambodia, and Vietnam.
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9.2
Queen Liliuokalani - Hawaiian queen overthrown by American planters in 1893
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9.2
Britain expanded its empire to Southeast Asia to include... - ...Burma and the Malay peninsula.
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9.2
Vietnamese officials tried to suppress Christianity by... - ...killing converts and French missionaries.
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9.2
Thailand remained indepndent partly because its rulers... - ...did not underestimate western power.
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9.2
Filipino rebels expected the U.S. to recognize their independence because... - ...they had helped fight the Spanish
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9.2
The industrial powers were first interested in the Pacific islands as... - ...supply bases for whaling ships.
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9.2
American sugar planters asked the U.S. to annex... - ...Hawaii.
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9.3
Amritsar - City in northern India in which Indian protesters were massacred by British soldiers.
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9.3
civil disobedience - refusal to obey unjust laws
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8.1
Sphere of Influence - Area claimed for exclusive investment or trading privileges.
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8.1
Overseas expansion was partly a result of manufactures' need for... - ...natural resources.
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Closely linked to economic motives for expansion... - ...political and military issues.
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Critics charged that colonialism was... - ...a tool for the rich.
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One advantage European countries had in their imperial expansion was... - ...powerful armies and navies.
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8.1
The goal of French colonizations was to... - ...impose French culture on their colonies
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8.2
Adowa - Ethiopians defeated Italian invaders at this battle.
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8.2
Sierra Leone - Colony for freed slaves. (British)
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8.2
The _________ was set off by a discovery of gold. - Boer War
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8.2
David Livingstone - Best-known explorer/missionary of Africa.
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8.2
Imported modern weapons to Ethiopia. - Menelik II
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8.2
Why did westerners in the early 1800s call Africa the "dark continent"? - They knew very little about the land
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8.2
WHy did Christian missionary groups follow explorers to Africa? - To win souls to Christianity
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8.2
Why was the Berlin Conference held? - To avoid bloodshed between rival European powers.
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8.2
Which European country gained holdings the size of the continental US (in Afica)? - France.
- Why was Ethiopia able to maintain its independence when attacked by Italy?
- It had been modernized.
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5.3
Genocide - A deliberate attpemt to destory an entire religious or ethnic group
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8.3
Muhammad Ali - Ambitious soldier who introduced economic reforms in Egypt
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8.3
Suez Canal - Waterway that links the Mediterranean and Red Seas.
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5.2
Florence Nightingale - Army nurse in the Crimean War; insisted on better hygiene in field hospitals. (American)
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5.2
Louis Pasteur - Developed vaccine for rabies. (French)
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5.2
Why did populations soar between 1800 and 1900? - The death rate fell.
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5.2
Why were hospitals in the 1800s considered dangerous places? - The risk of infection was high
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5.2
Why did London and Paris invest in new sewer systems? - To combat epidemics of cholera and tuberculosis.
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5.2
What were living conditions in the slums like? - Harsh and crowded
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5.2
What happened to the standard of living for workers in the western world as a result of industrialization? - The standard of living improved
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5.3
John Dalton's theory that showed different kinds of atoms combine to make all chemical substnaces. - Atomic theory
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5.3
Model in the 1800s that idealized women and the home - Cult of domesticity
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5.3
Belief that one racial group is superior to another - Racism
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5.3
Ideas that applied the theory of survival of the fittest to war and economic competition. - Social Darwinism
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5.3
Movement that urged Christains to social service - Social gospel
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5.3
Votes for women - Women's suffrage
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5.3
As social values changed, the notion of "falling in love" was... - ...more accepted than ever before.
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5.3
The women's suffrage movent made faster strides in...(places) - ...New Zealand, Australia, and the western United States.
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5.3
Reflecting the new industrialization, universities in the late 1800s added courses in... - ...the sciences.
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5.3
The Salvation Army was formed partly in responce to... - ...the social gospel movement.
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8.1
Colonial rule practiced by Britain... - ...indirect rule.
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Colonial rule practiced by France. - Direct Rule
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Protectorate - Colonial rule where local rulers were left in place.
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Imperialism - Domination by one country of the political life of another country.
- Bessemer Process
- Operation that produces steel by purifying iron ore
- Corporation
- Business owned by many investors who buy shares of stock
- Gottlieb Daimler
- Used a gas-powered engine to power first automobile (German)
- Thomas Edison
- Made 1st electic light bulb. (American)
- interchangable parts
- Identical components that can be used in place of one another
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5.1
Two countries that thurst their way to industrial leadership were: - Germany and the United States
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The assembly line was one new development that made... - ...production faster and cheaper
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The marriage of science and industry... - ...spurred economic growth
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One example of a new invention that changed communications is... - ...the telephone
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One reason a group of corperations would form a cartel was to... - ...set production quotas
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5.2
Robert Koch - Doctor that identified the bacteria that caused tuberculosis. (German)
- Joseph Lister
- Surgeon that insisted other surgeons wash their hands before operating.
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5.2
Joseph Lister - Surgeon that insited that other surgeons wash thier hands before operating. (English)
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5.2
William Morton - Introduced anesthesia to relieve pain during surgery.