Chabner Chapter Six
Terms
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- -ectasis
- stretching, dilation
- -ectasia
- stretching, dilation
- -emesis
- vomiting
- -lysis
- destruction, breakdown, separation
- -pepsia
- digestion
- -phagia
- eating, swallowing
- -plasty
- surgical repair
- -ptosis
- prolapse, fall, sag
- -ptysis
- spitting
- -rrhage
- bursting forth
- -rrhagia
- bursting forth
- -rrhaphy
- suture
- -rrhea
- flow, discharge
- -spasm
- sudden, involuntary contraction of muscles
- -stasis
- to stop; control
- -stenosis
- tightening, stricture, narrowing
- -tresia
- opening
- ectasia
- Mammary duct ectasia may cause mastitis
- lysis
- the disease caused lysis of liver cells
- emesis
- if a child swallows poison, physicians prescribe a drug to induce emesis. An example of an emetic is a strong solution of salt or ipeac syrup
- ptosis
- Mr. Smith's weakened eyelid muscles caused ptosis of his lids.
- spasm
- Eating spicy foods can lead to spasm of gastric sphincters
- stasis
- Overgrowth of bacteria within the small intestine causes stasis of the intestinal contents.
- stenosis
- Projectile vomiting in an infant during feeding is a symptom of plyoric stenosis
- Liver Function Tests (LFTs)
- Tests for the presence of enzymes and bilirubin in serum (clear fluid that remains after blood has clotted)
- Liver Function Tests
-
ALT
SGPT
SGOT - stool culture
- Test for microorganisms present in stool
- stool guaiac
- detection of blood in feces
- hemoccult test
- detection of blood in feces
- Guaiac
-
A chemical from the wood of trees.
When added to a stool sample, it reacts with occult (hidden) blood. - occult
- hidden
-
lower gastrointestinal series
(barium enema) - x-ray images of the colon and rectum after injecting barium into the rectum
- upper gastrointestinal series
- x-ray images of the esophagus, stomach, and small intestines after administering barium by mouth
- barium swallow
- a study of the esophagus
- cholangiography
- x-ray examination of the biliary system after injecting contrast into the bile ducts
- percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography
- the contrast medium enters via a needle through the abdominal wall into the liver
- endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography or ERCP
- contrast medium is injected via catheter (tube) through the mouth, esophagus, stomach, duodenum, and then into bile ducts
-
computed tomography
AKA:
- CT
- CT scan
- CAT scan - x-ray series showing cross-sectional images of internal organs allows visualization
- tomography
- produces a series of x-ray pictures showing multiple views of an organ
- tom/o
- to cut
-
abdominal ultrasonography
(ultrasound or sonography) - sound waves beamed into the abdomen, produce an image of abdominal viscera
- magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
- magnetic and radio waves produce images of organs and tissues in all three planes of the body
- liver scan
- image of the liver after injecting radioactive material into the blood stream
- gastric bypass
-
reducing the size of the stomach and diverting food to the jejunum.
gastrojejunostomy - gastrointestinal endoscopy
- visual examination of the gastrointestinal tract using an endoscope
- liver biopsy
- removal of liver tissue followed by microscopic visualization
- nasogastric intubation
- insertion of a tube through the nose into the stomach
- paracentesis (abdominocentesis)
- surigal puncture to remove fluid from the abdomen
- alk phos
- alkaline phosphatase
- BE
- barium edema
- BRBPR
-
bright red blood per (through) rectum.
hematochezia - CT scan
- computed tomography
- EGD
- esophagogastroduodenoscopy
- ERCP
- endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
- BG
- gallbladder
- GERD
- gastroesophageal reflux disease
- GI
- gastrointestinal
- HBV
- hepatitis B virus
- IBD
- inflammatory bowel disease
- LFTs
-
liver function tests
-alk phos
-bilirubin
-AST (SGOT)
-ALT (SGPT) - MRI
- magnetic resonance imaging
- NG tube
- nasogastric tube
- NPO
- nothing by mouth (nulla per os)
- PEG tube
- percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube (feeding tube)
- PEJ tube
- percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy tube (feeding tube)
- PTHC
- percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography
- PUD
- peptic ulcer disease
- TPN
-
total parenteral nutrition
intravenous solution contains
-sugar (dextrose)
-proteins (amino acids)
-electrolytes (sodium, potassium, chloride)
-vitamins - T tube
- tube placed in the biliary tract for drainage