Science Vocab Quiz 2
Terms
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- anti-codon
- The three letter code of bases on the transfer RNA that matched up with the codon on the messenger RNA.
- chromosomes
- Rod-shaped cellular structure made of condensed chromatin. DNA condenses into chromosomes just before cell division.
- transfer RNA
- Carries amino acids and adds them to the growing protein at the Ribosome.
- incomplete dominance
- A Pattern of inheritance when the combination of a recessive allele and dominant allele (heterozygous) is expressed as a blend of the two traits. (For example, R=red r=white Rr=pink)
- genes
- A segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait.
- homozygous
- Having two identical allele for a trait. (For example, TT or tt)
- pistil
- The female reproductive parts of the flower. It includes:
- heredity
- The passing of traits from parents to offspring.
- heterozygous
- Having two different alleles for a trait. (For example, Tt)
- probability
- The likelihood that a particular event will occur.
- clone
- An organism that is genetically identical to the organism from which it is produced.
- co-dominance
- A pattern of inheritance when the two alleles of a gene are neither dominant or recessive, the two alleles are both expressed. (For example, B=black features, b=white feathers, Bb=black and white features)
- messenger RNA
- RNA that copies the code message from the DNA in the nucleus, and carries the message into the cytoplasm
- random
- By chance, like the flip of a coin
- pedigree
- A chart or "family tree" that tracks which members of a family have a particular trait.
- fertilization
- The joining of sperm cell and an egg cell.
- recessive
- An allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present.
- amino_acid
- The building blocks of proteins.
- sexual reproduction
- The reproductive process that involves two parents who combine their genetic material to produce a new organism, which differs from both parents.
- nitrogen Bases
- The chemicals that make up the rungs of the DNA ladder. A-T and C-G match.
- "nature vs nurture"
- the debate regarding how much influence GENES and the ENVIRONMENT have on an individuals traits
- characteristic
- A physical attribute of an organism, such as hair color, height, color pattern, etc.
- genotype
- An organism's genetic makeup, or allele combination. (example, TT, Tt, tt)
- stamen
- The male reproductive parts of the flower. It includes:
- traits
- A specific variation of a characteristic that an organism can pass on to its offspring through its genes.
- meiosis
- Meiosis: The process that occur in sex cell (sperm and egg) by which the number of chromosomes is reduced in half.
- allele
- The different forms of the gene.
- inherited
- Transmitted through genes from parents to offspring.
- diversity
- the wide variety of traits that are expressed in living things, primarily due to sexual reproduction
- asexual reproduction
- The reproductive process that involves only one parent and produces offspring that are identical to the parents.
- mutation
- Types Include: substitution, duplication , insertion, and deletion.
- offspring
- Product of reproduction, a new organism produced by one or more parents
- codon
- The three-letter code of bases on the messenger RNA that codes for one amino acid
- genetics
- The scientific study of variation and heredity.
- phenotype
- n organism's physical appearance, or visible trait. (example, orange tailed)