BOYCOTT C.T. FINAL
Terms
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- Maya
- a cosmic illusion brought about by divine power (non-dualism)
- Lila
- the play of the divine in its cosmic dance; god's play
- Jiva
- soul
- Mandir
- sanskirt word: temple
- OM or Aum
- stands for Brahmin, represents the universal soul
- Brahmin
- the caste of seers, priests, and teachers
- Brahman
- the one, ultimate reality - god
- Brahma
- the world spritit, the absolute, the chief god of the Hindu faith who is associated with the creation of all reality - THE CREATOR GOD
- Vishnu
- the preserver god representing divine love who has been incarnated as Krishna and Rama -- appears on earth in these various avatars
- Shiva
- the energy force of the absolute, seen as the great cosmic creator and destoryer; lord of the dance
- Ganesha
- god of fortune, remover of obstacles (businessmen)
- Samsara
- sanskrit word: reincarnation; worldly cycle of birth, death, and rebirth until a soul achieves enlightenment and embraces the sacred reality of the absolute
- Kama
- physical pleasure
- Sannyasin
- fourth stage of life
- Artha
- worldly success
- Samadhi
- being absorbed completely in God - goal of meditation
- Yoga
- method of training desgined to lead to integration or union; derives from english word yoke - center; to come in touch with Brahman or to unite holy spirit with god
- Ahimsa
- the Hindu ideal of complete nonviolence in thought, word, and deed; foundation of Gandhi's resistance philosophy against the British
- Mahatma
- title given to Gandhi - "great soul"
- Atman
- the Hindu concept of the individual self or soul - ultimate reality within
- Dharma
- responsible duty
- Karma
-
simple meaning: cause & effect
other meaning: doctrine - all thoughts and actions reflect on the doer; there is no such thing as chance or luck - Mahabharata
- epic poem that tells of two feuding royal families who descend from a common ruler named Bharat and suffer through the horrors of a long civil war
- Puja
- the act of worship during which incense is burned and offerings are made to Hindu deity represented by a statue or picture
- Satyagraha
- sanskirt word: holding to the truth; term used by Gandhi to describe the religious and political tactics that he used against the British in India
- Rama
- one of the human forms of Vishnu; a prince
- Neti... neti
- "not this, not that" - beyond the reach of human perception and thought
- Asanas
- yogic positions to master the body
- Rishis
- inspired sages who hear the hyms of the gods and transcribed them into the Vedas
- Shudras
- lowest caste; caste of followers and unskilled workers
- Jnana marga
- time: shortest but steepest path to divine, learning: essential being is being, thinking: atman must change from concept to realization, shifting oneself: to think of oneself as spirit, image of god: oneness, goal: identify with god
- Saguna Brahman
- god as the prototype of the noblest reality they encounter in the natural world; supreme person
- Bhagavad-Gita
- a part of the epic poem - Mahabharata - and part of the Hindu sacred scriptures; literally means "song of god"
- Moksha
- sanskrit word: liberation; ultimate goal
- Kshatriyas
- second caste; warriors, administrators, leaders
- Karma marga
- path to god through work; basic personality: active; two supporting modes: effective (emotional), reflective; god is experienced as otherness
- Vaishyas
- third caste; producers, farmers
- Hatha marga
- primarily about the body
- Vedanta
- a system of Hindu philosophy and one approach within jnana yoga holding that all reality is essentially Brahman; most notable advocate is the medieval Hindu philosopher Shankara (non-dualism)
- Sankhya
- a system of Hindu philosophy and one approach within jnana yoga asserting that reality comprises two distinct categories: matter and eternal selves (dualism)
- Nirguna Brahman
- hindu concept of god - god without attributes; god is invinite being/bliss/infinite consciousness: more abstract & transpersonal concept of god
- Bhakti marga
- path to god through love; basic personality type: emotional; most popular of the fourth paths; three features - japam, ringing, worship ishta; image - otherness
- Sati
- burning a widow with her dead husband
- Aryans
- 2000 BCE invaded India; possessed a different language and culture --> tall blue-eyed, blond, straight hair, pale
- Raja marga
- raja means yoga; basic personality type: scientifically inclined
- Krishna
- other form of Vishnu
- Upanishads
- final writings added to vedic scriptures
- Ishta
- the adopted form of the divine selected as ones representation
- Japam
- repeating Gods name
- Sanskrit
- Hindu language; originated in 1500 BCE, in which the sacred scriptures were written
- Destroyer God
- Shiva
- Lotus Flower
- flower of Hinduism; grows in a bad place with dirty water yet comes out beautiful; signifies goal of Hindus
- Lotus position
- popular yoga position
- Forest Dweller
- people in the stage of retirement
- Pleasure
- artha
- Avatar
- incarnation or living embodiment of a deity, usually Vishun, who is sent to accomplish a divine purpose
- Preserver God
- Vishnu
- Student
- first stage of life
- Householder
- second stage of life
- Retirement
- third stage of life
- Monotheism
- belief in one god
- Untouchables
- caste under the shudras; were thought to be dirty - harijan "gods people"
- Ennui
- weariness, dissatisfaction
- projection
- act of locating ones difficulties outside oneself
- Hedonism
- pleasure, kama
- Monism
- doctrine that everything is made up of essence
- Cow
- India sacred animal
- Cobra
- symbolizes fertility
- Pantheism
- belief that the divine reality exists in everything
- Ganges Riever
- considered to be the most holy river
- Ego
- have a gods eye view - strangled hernia
- Fatalism
- belief that all events are determined by fate and are inevitable
- Cosmos
- "the world"
- Gandhi
- born in India; his father was the prime minister and taught him about ahimsa aka total nonviolence; he started talking to the Indian people about religion and called his movement satyagraha; studied all other religion and scriptures and took what he thought was useful for his own worship religion; tried to help muslims and hindus but he was assassinated on the way to prayer one day
- Doctine of the human self: four layers
- physical - body, conscious - mind, individual -subconscious, eternal being - god
- basic spiritual personality types
- reflective, emotional, active, experimentally inclined
- BUDDHISM
- BUDDHISM
- Buddha
- Siddhartha Guatama "enlightened one or awakened one"
- Buddha Legend
- Buddha had a wife and a son, went through many phases of disappearing and reappearing
- Four Passing Sights
- old man (old age, decrepitude); diseased person (sickness); corpose (death); shaven monk (servants of mary)
- The Great Going Forth
- silent goodbye; 29 years old; had three phases (seeks 2 Hindu masters; joins groups of ascetics; the middle way)
- The Middle Way
- basic Buddhist teaching that rejects both the pleasures of sensual indulgence and bodily self-denial; focus insted on a practical approac to spiritual contentment
- The Great Awakening
- Buddha comes back - all created things rejoice
- Three Temptations
- kama comes with 3 voluptuous women (passion), mara god of death used natural disasters (fear), discontent
- Cunda
- spoiled meat man who killed poor buddha
- Buddhism view toward the ego
- stangulated hernia; the more it swells the tigheter it shuts off the free flowing circulation
- Buddhism was a religion of...
- infinite compassion
- Sangha
- monastic community established by the Buddha after he achieved enlightenment - very disciplined
- Three Jewels of Buddhism
- Buddha, Dharma, Sangha
- Sunita
- when he encountered Sunita, we were given an example of Buddha's preternatural insight - Buddha saw his heart and marked him with arhats hip (sainthood)
- Cosmic Mission
- Buddha believed that he had a cosmic mission to help humanity
- Sakyamuni
- another term for Buddha (silent sage
- Tathagata
- another term for Buddha (truth winner, or perfectly enlightened one)
- 6 Aspects of Religion
- Authority, Ritual, Speculation, Tradition, Grace, Mystery/the Supernatural
- Vernacular
- Common language
- Pali Canon
- ancient language of India --> this was sacred scriptures written in Pali
- 7 Characteristics of Buddhism
- Empirical, scientific, pragmatic, therapeutic, psychological, egalitarian, direct to individuals
- Fourth Noble Truths
- Life is dukkha, life is full of desires, to cure dukkha you need to overcome selfish craving (tanha), to overcome selfish cravinv you can use the 8 fold path
- Five Skandas (life components)
- body, sensations, thoughts, feelings, consciousness
- Sermon at Deer Park
- after enlightenment, the Buddha shared his teaching with his former band of ascetics in what has become known as this sermon
- Dukkha
- suffering
- Tanha
- desire
- 8 Fold Path
- right views, right intent, right speech, right conduct, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, right concentration
- Three Poisons
- craving, hostility, delusion
- Dhammapada
- best loved of all Buddhist texts
- Nirvana
- state of eternal bliss, lifes goal
- God
- personal being who created universe by deliberate design
- Godhead
- all unborn neither become created nor formed, divine natural essence
- anatta docrine
- no soul docrtine