Bio 30 BRHS Mendel Genetics AW
Terms
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- What is the Principle of Segregation?
- in meiosis,2 alleles seperate so each gamete gets one form of the gene.
- Describe and give an example of a phenotype
- is an observable and/or inheritable trait. ex) large brown eyes
- Describe and give an example of a genotype.
- is a specific arrangement of alleles for a trait. ex) BB for large brown eyes
- What is intermediate Inheritance? Give an example.
-
is a blend of 2 phenotypes.
ex) flower color. - What are Multiple Alleles? GIve an example.
- they consist of 4 or more alleles, but individuals can have only 2 of these alleles at once!Also, an individual must have more than 2 alleles for the trait to exist. ex) fruit fly eye color or blood type.
- What are polygenic traits? Give two types.
- they are regulated by more than one gene; each has their own alleles. Allele movement looks like dihybrid crosses. Complementary Interaction and Suppression Epistasis are types of polygenic traits.
- Describe Comlementary Interaction and give ine example.
- when 2 genes interact to produce a phenotype they were unable to produce themselves. ex) Chicken Combs
- Decribe Suppression Epistasis and give an example.
- when one gene masks the expression of another gene. It shows 3 phenotypes instead of 4 for polygenetic traits. ex) mammal coat color with the c allele; no pigment.
- What is pleiotropy?
- when one gene affects more than one phenotype.
- What is Autosomal Recessive?
- if neither parent has the characteristic phenotype (disease) displayed by the child, the trait is recessive.
- Describe Autosomal Dominant.
- affected individuals can appear in every generation.A trait that appears in successive generations is normally due to a dominant allele.
- Affected males pass the gene to all of their.....
- daughters but not their sons.
- Two genes are linked but very far apart on the chromosome. What is this describing?
- Independent Assortment.
- Describe Complete Linkage.
- if the body and eye color loci are on the same chromosome, they will NOT assort independently. Complete linkage only exixts if genes are very close together.
- What is the formula for the crossover frequency?
- number of recombinants over the total number of offspring multiplied by a 100.