APES Ultimate Card Set
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- Hadley Cell
- System of vertical and horizontal air motions that cause major tropical weather patterns
- Total Fertility Rate
- Average number of children a women will bear in her lifetime
- Superfund
- Program that identifies and cleans up pollutants from hazardous sites; funded by chemical tax
- Gause's Principle
- No two species can occupy the same niche
- Surface Impoundment
- creation of shallow pools that evaporate hazardous liquids
- Silvi Culture
- The management of trees for the production of timber
- By-catch
- Any non-targeted species that's caught
- Bituminous
- Second purest form of coal
- Maturation
- The conversion of organic matter into petroleum
- Silt
- 0.002-0.05mm
- Fundamental Niche
- Role and organism would occupy if there was no competion
- Vector
- The carrier of a pathogen
- Lignite
- The least pure form of coal
- Waste to Energy Program
- Energy from waste incineration is used
- Transuranic waste
- Waste that's left over from the creation of nuclear weapons
- Conservation
- Use of a resource so that the resource is able to replenish itself naturally
- Epilimnion
- Uppermost, and most oxygenizationed area of a body of freshwater
- El Nino
- Causes wetter, warmer summers in Northwest; lighter hurricane season
- Upwelling
- Process through which nutrient rich waters rise to oceans surface
- Coriolis Effect
- Northern Hemisphere- Right, Southern- Left
- Overburden
- The rocks that are removed when mining
- Jet Stream
- High speed wind current, east to west, at 15-25 km high
- Green Revolution
- Introduction of new techologies in the 1960's that dramatically increased crop yield and production
- Doldrums
- Region of ocean near the equator, characterized by calm, light winds (constant low pressure)
- Catalytic Converter
- Oxidizes VOCs and CO to CO2 in car exhaust
- Genetic Drift
- Genetic changes based on chance
- Monsoon
- Temp difference of water and land cause winds to blow in opposite directions
- Southern Occolation
- atomospheric pressure condtions resulting from the warming El Nino(warm air to S America) and cooling of La Nina (warm air Pacific side)
- Crown Fires
- Fires in areas that have no recently had a fire
- Inner Core
- made of nickel and iron (molten)
- Acute Affect
- Effect caused by short exposure to high level of toxin
- Prior appropiation
- Water rights given to those who have historically used water in a certain area (common in Western US)
- Aggregate
- Clouded or massed into a dense cluster, noun or verb
- Norman Borlaug
- Founder of Green Revolution
- Sand
- 0.05-2mm
- Fly Ash
- Solid particles that are waste products of the burning of coal
- Scrubbers
- Devices the contain alkaline substances that remove SO2 from coal burning plants
- Ecosystem Capital
- Value of natural resources
- Biomagnifaction
- Increase of conscentration of toxic substance in rising tropic levels
- Monoculture
- Culturation of a single crop in a region or country
- Typhoon
- Severe tropical cyclone, occurs in the far east
- Old Growth Forest
- Forest that has never been cut
- Inner Basin Transfer
- Tranfer of water from its source
- La Nina
- Cooling of oceans surface (once every 4-12 years), causes less rain and more hurricanes
- Toxicity
- The degree to which a chemical is biologically harmful
- No Till Methods
- Farmers do not plow up the soil
- Gangue
- Waste material that results from mining
- Anthrocyte
- Cleanest burning coal, almost pure carbon
- Subbituminous
- Third purest form of coal
- Riparian Right
- Use of water is for person who owns the land its own (Eastern US)
- Plantation
- Forests that are not natural but are planted for forestry
- Athenosphere
- Part of the Earth that lays directly below the Lithosphere
- Horse Latitudes
- Two latitudes at about 30-35 degrees N and S, calm light winds, the gap between the n and s easterlies and westerlies
- Reproductive Isolation
- The phenomon in which two species evolve to be unable to reproduce with one another (NOT geographic isolation)
- Earthquakes
- Resulted from transform boundary
- Edge Effect
- The condition effect where at boundaries, there is greater species diversity and biological density
- Leachate
- A liquid that moves to the bottom of a landfill
- Chronic Affect
- Long level exposure to low levels of a toxin
- Replacment Birth Rate
- Number of children a couple must have to replace themselves in the populatiuon
- Biotic Potiential
- The amount of population that would grow if there were unlimited resources
- Ecological Footprint
- Amount of earth's surface needed to supply the needs of a particular population
- Convection Currents
- Air Currents caused by the vertical movement of air caused by atmospheric heating or cooling
- Hypolineon
- The lower section of a body of freshwater
- Niche
- The total sum of a species use of biotic and abiotic factors in its environment
- Service Fire
- Fires that remove underbrush but do not affect trees
- Polar Easterlies
- Northern: blows from northeast/ Southern blows from southeast
- Photochemical Smog
- the brown haze that develops in sunny cities. it is formed by the action of sunlight on pollutants such as hydrocarbons and nurtogen oxides. these chemicals react to form a brownish muzture of ozone and other pollutants.
- Active Collection
- The use of devices to collect, focus, and store solar energy
- Ground Fires
- Smoldering fires that take place in bogs or swamps underground for weeks
- Grey Smog
- Smog from industry, esp coal
- Deep Well Injection
- Drilling a hole below the water table to inject waste
- Tailings
- Piles of Gangue
- Aggroforestry
- Trees and crops are planted together, creating a symbiotic relationship
- Ecotone
- Transitional area where two ecoystems meet
- Allopatic Speciation
- Specation due to geographic barriers
- Preservation
- The maintanace of a ecosystem or species to insure its future propogation
- Bioaccumulatuion
- Accumation of substance in various tissues of living organisms
- Logistic Population Growth
- Pop grows exponetially until levels off at carrying capacity
- Malnutrition
- Poor nutrition that results from an insufficiently balanced diet, not lack of caloric intake
- Passive Collection
- The use of building materials by design to keep a building warm or cool
- Thermocline
- Region of sharp temp change gradient in body fresh water
- Realized niche
- The slightly smaller niche an organism occupies than it would in the abscense of competion
- Proven Reserve
- An estimate of the amount of fossil fuel able to be retrieved from a reserve