AP Psychology Chap. 3
Terms
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- medulla
- involved in the control of our blood pressure, heart rate, and breathing
- CAT
- shows only the structure of the brain, but not the functions
- midbrain
- coordinates simple movements with sensory information
- prefrontal cortex
- thought to play a critical role in directing thought processes
- acetylcholine
- associated with motor movement and Alzheimer's disease
- serotonin
- associated with mood control and depression
- reticular formation
- controls general body arousal and the ability to focus our attention
- thalamus
- receives sensory signals from the spinal cord and sends them to appropriate areas
- sensory cortex
- receives incoming touch sensations from the rest of our body
- Wernicke's area
- interprets both written and spoken speech
- hypothalamus
- controls several metabolic functions, sexual arousal, hunger, and thirst
- endorphins
- associated with pain control and addiction
- somatic nervous system
- controls our voluntary muscle movemnts
- axon
- wirelike structure ending in the terminal buttons
- association area
- any area of the cerebral cortex that is not associated with receiving sensory information
- Broca's area
- responsible for producing speech
- MRI
- gives information about the structure of the brain, but not the functions
- contralateral control
- the right hemisphere gets sensory messages and controls the motor function of the left half of the body
- amygdala
- vital to our experiences of emotion
- PET
- shows what areas of the brain are most active
- all-or-none principle
- a neuron either fires completely or it does not fire
- FMRI
- shows details of brain structure with information about blood flow in the brain
- dendrites
- rootlike parts of the cell that make connections with other neurons
- hippocampus
- vital to our memory system
- myelin sheath
- a covering around the axon that speeds neural impulses
- EEG
- detects brain waves and is widely used in sleep research
- dopamine
- associated with alertness and Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia
- terminal buttons
- the branched end of the axon that contains neurotransmitters
- pons
- involved in the control of facial expressions