Neurotoxic Drugs
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- Homer
- What protein is altered with cocaine and methamphetamine use?
- no known active metabolites, neurotoxicity is uncommon, rapid onset and short-acting
- What are the 4 positives to using fentanyl or sufentanil as opioids?
- dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin
- Cocaine affects which three transporters?
- euphoria; seizures
- With chronic cocaine use, you develop tolerance to ________ but sensitivity to _______.
- mu; morphine
- Cocaine decreases pain through ____ receptor; causes increased ____.
- step-wise in mild neurotoxicity; abruptly in severe life-threatening neurotoxicity
- How should the opioid be discontinued?
- MI, stroke, pulmonary hypertension, dilated cardiac muscles, immune system alterations, and periodontal disease
- Examples of medical complications with meth use?
- HIV
- Use of Meth increases risk of transmission of ________.
- Fentanyl or sufentanil
- Use _____ or _____ in opioid neurotoxicity to treat pain.
- Benzodiazepines (clonazepam, lorazepam, and midazolam)
- What class of drugs is used to decrease neuromuscular irritability?
- Blocks K and Na channels (local anesthetic) , as well as membrane transporters for norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin
- Mechanism of Cocaine?
- 1. stop opioid or reduce dose; 2. start new opioid; 3. treat jerking with benzo's
- 3 steps to tx of opioid neurotoxicity?
- cocaine has brief duration while meth may last days or weeks
- Difference between cocaine-induced psychosis and meth-induced psychosis?
- Synergistic; dopamine receptors
- Neruotoxicity of meth and HIV are ________ B/C _________
- ketamine
- What do you give in a pediatric opioid overdose?
- blocks re-uptake of neurotransmitters; blocks re-uptake and causes release
- Cocaine _________ while amphetamines __________ and _________.
- dopamine
- Meth users show a decreased level of _____ transporters.
- it decreases the dopamine in the nigrostriatal tract, which increases the risk of parkinson's
- How does meth use relate to parkinson's disease?
- psychoses that mimic schizophrenia
- Long-term meth users may develop what?
- dopamine and norepinephrine
- Crystal Meth affects what two neurotransmitters?
- 5x morphine
- The potency of hydromorphone = ?
- cocaine; dopamine and norepinephrine
- Short term medical complications of meth are similar to ______; they are mediated through the release of _______ and ________.
- opioid-induced myoclonus
- Sudden, brief shock-like involuntary movements, best seen while sleeping, high incidence, most recognized with metabolites = ?
- puts glutamate back into the synapse, so the withdrawal is less severe
- Mechanism of N-acetylcysteine treatment for cocaine addiction?
- delirium, myoclonus/seizures, allodynia/hyperalgesia, or rapidly increasing the dose makes things worse
- 4 things to notice with opoid-induced neurotoxicity?
- neurotoxicity
- What are the most harmful and devastating effects of methamphetamine use?
- development of resistance because people don't adhere to antiretroviral therapy
- What is the largest risk factor concerning HIV and meth use?
- hydromorphone; neurotoxic, no analgesic
- H3G is a metabolite of _______ and has ____ effects.
- myoclonus, hyperalgesia, delirium, grand-mal seizures
- Opoid Toxicity = ?
- dopamine and serotonin
- Ecstasy affects what two transporters?
- euphoria, arousal, paranoia, aggression, increased HR and sex drive, decreased sleep and apetite
- What are the acute effects of methamphetamine?
- Hydrate to clear the opioid and metabolites
- After stopping the neurotoxic opioid, _________