Drugs - Anesthetics
Terms
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- What do anesthetics do?
- cause an absence of sensation or pain
- What are the 2 classifications of anesthetics?
- local and general
- How do local anesthetics work?
- they block pain conduction to the CNS, but do not affect the CNS, so the patient remains conscious
- What are the 3 groups of local anesthetics?
- esters, amides, and others
- Which local anesthetic would be longer acting, esters or amides?
- amides
- How are esters metabolized?
- by enzymes found in the blood or skin
- Where are amides metabolized?
- in the liver
- What could an overdose of anesthesia cause?
- medullary paralysis-paralyzes the respiratory and heart centers of the medulla, leading to death
- How many stages are there to general anesthesia?
- 4
- What is Stage I of general anesthesia?
- Analgesia - euphoria with loss of pain and consciousness
- What is Stage II of general anesthesia?
- Excitement - increase in sympathetic nervous system effects such as blood pressure, heart and respiratory rate
- What is Stage III of general anesthesia?
- Surgical Anesthesia - surgery can safely be conducted
- What is Stage IV of general anesthesia?
- Medullary Paralysis
- What was the first general anesthetic?
- nitrous oxide
- Is ether an inhalation anesthetic or an intravenous anesthetic?
- inhalation
- Is Midazolam an inhalation anesthetic or an intravenous anesthetic?
- intravenous
- Is Diazepam an inhalation anesthetic or an intravenous anesthetic?
- intravenous
- Is Halothane an inhalation anesthetic or an intravenous anesthetic?
- inhalation
- Is Fentanyl an inhalation anesthetic or an intravenous anesthetic?
- intravenous
- Is Alfentanil an inhalation anesthetic or an intravenous anesthetic?
- intravenous
- Is Desflurane an inhalation anesthetic or an intravenous anesthetic?
- inhalation
- What type of drug is Procaine?
- an injection local anesthetic
- What type of drug is Tetracaine?
- an injection local anesthetic
- What type of drug is Bupivacaine?
- an injection local anesthetic
- What type of drug is Dibucaine?
- an injection local anesthetic
- What type of drug is Halothane?
- an inhalation general anesthetic
- What type of drug is Midazolam?
- an injectable general anesthetic
- What type of drug is Fentanyl Citrate/Droperidol?
- an injectable general anesthetic
- What type of drug contains the stem -flurane in the word?
- inhalation anesthetics