SMCHS Geography Final
Terms
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- nonaligned nation
- A nation that adopted neutrality during the Cold War
- desalination plant
- the process of removing salt from seawater so that it can be used for drinking and irrigation
- Ghandi
- An English Lawyer
- Ayatollah
- A religious leader among Shiite Muslims
- Bangladesh
- suffers from overpopulation, natural disasters, (floods) and malnutrition.(country)
- Tropical storm
- Winds of at least 39 miles per hour
- Timber Line
- The boundary in high elevation above which continuous forest vegetation cannot grow
- mandate
- a commission from the League of Nations authorizing a nation to govern a territory
- Hurricane
- A destructive tropical storm with winds of at least 74 miles per hour
- Traditional economy
- An economic system in which families produce goods and services for their own use, with little surplus and exchange of goods; also known as a subsistence economy
- Migrant worker
- A worker who travels from place to place, working where extra help is needed to cultivate or harvest crops
- Canopy
- the uppermost layer of a forest where tree branches meet
- Sultanate
- A state ruled by sultan
- Civilization
- An advanced culture
- self=determination
- the right of a people to decide their own political future
- Brazil
- Largest Country in South America
- Subsistence farming
- Farming that provides only enough for the needs of a family or a village
- Latifundio
- A large commercial owned farm owned by a private individual or a farming company
- conquistador
- name for Spanish explorers who claimed land in the Americas for Spain
- Cay
- a small low island or coral reef
- trade surplus
- the situation in which a country exports more than it imports
- Arab
- 20% of Israel's population
- Market economy
- An economic system in which decision about production, price, and other economic factors are determined by the law of supply and demand
- charpoy
- A wooden bed frame with knotted string in place of a matress
- llano
- A grassy plain
- Agricultural revolution
- The change from nomadic hunting and gathering to farming that took place about 8000 B.C.
- irrigate
- watering of farmland with water drawn from reservoirs or rivers
- Sinkhole
- A hole formed when limestone is dissolved causing the land above to collapse
- secular
- worldly, not relating to religion
- monsoon
- A seasonal shift in prevailing winds that influences large climate regions
- Oil Reserves
- Venezuela's main resource
- plateau
- an area of high flat land
- Coral
- the rock like skeletons of tiny sea animals
- Sri Lanka
- has the best access to communication devices (country)
- NAFTA
- North American Free Trade Agreement which phased out trade barriers among the US, Canada, and Mexico
- caste system
- A social hierarchy in which a person possesses a distinct rank in society that is determined by birth
- subcontinent
- A large landmass forming a distinct part of a continent
- Campesino
- A tenant farmer or farm worker in Latin America
- Metizo
- A person of mixed European and Native American Heritage
- Monotheism
- the belief in one god
- fertile crescent
- a region in the middle east where farming and the first civilizations developed
- Computer Technology
- Rising industry in Inidia
- drip irrigation
- a process by which precisely controlled amts. of water drip directly into plants from pipes thus preserving precious water resources in dry areas
- Command economy
- an economic system that is controlled by a single central government
- deforestation
- the process of stripping the land of its trees
- Maquiladora
- A factory in Mexico along the US border, that assembles goods for export
- Gaucho
- A cowboy who herds cattle in the pampas of Argentina and Uruguay
- Pampas
- A grasslands region in Argentina and Uruguay
- Bauxite
- A mineral used in making aluminum
- Protectorate
- an area that has its own government but is controlled by an out power
- Uruguay
- Required to vote (country)
- nationalism
- pride in one's nation; the desire of a cultural group to rule themselves as a separate nation
- Potash
- a mineral used in explosives and fertilizer
- malnutrition
- disease caused by a lace of food or an unbalance diet
- Cash crop
- A farm crop grown for sale and profit
- Cultural convergence
- the contract and interaction of one culture with another
- Hacienda
- A large Spanish owned estate in the Americas, cattle ranch
- Indus River
- an essential water source to Pakistan (river)
- Cordillera
- A related set of separate mountain ranges
- Argentina
- Highest GDP Per Capita (country)
- partition
- a division into separate parts
- buffer state
- A country that separates two hostile countries
- Zionist
- Members founded to promote the establishment of an independent Jewish State
- alluvial plain
- a broad expanse of land along riverbanks consisting of rich, fertile soil left by floods
- Selva
- A forested region in Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia
- Mosque
- An Islamic place of religious worship
- Cyprus
- island south of Turkey, and has had much conflict between the Muslims in Turkey and the Orthodox Christians in Greece
- GDP per capita
- The total value of goods and service produced within a country in a year divided by its country's total population
- Chaparral
- A type of natural vegetation that is adapted to Mediterranean climate; small evergreen tree and low bushes, or scrub
- Altiplano
- A plateau region located in the Andes of Bolivia and Peru
- Muezzin
- A crier who calls the faithful to prayer five times each day from a minaret
- Infastructure
- the basic support facilities of a community or country
- Land Redistribution
- a policy by which land is taken from those who own large amounts and given to those with none or little
- purdah
- the practice among Hindu and Muslim women of covering the face with a veil when outside the home
- Estuary
- The wide mouth of a river where fresh water river currents meet salt water
- nonviolent resistance
- the policy of opposing an enemy or oppressor by any means other than violence
- Piedmont
- A region of region of rolling foothills
- Coffee
- Colombia's main export
- falaj system
- In the arabian peninsula an ancient system of underground and surface canals
- Hezbollah
- Group of Guerillas in Southern Lebanon
- NAFTA
- led to an increase in manufacturing job
- cottage system
- a small-scale manufacturing operation using little technology often located in or near people's homes
- Penisula
- A strip of land that juts out into an ocean
- Paramo
- A plateau region in the Andes of Ecuador
- militia
- a citizen army
- reincarnation
- the belief that the soul of a human being or animal goes through a series of births, deaths, and rebirths
- embankment dam
- a wall of soil and rock to hold back water
- anarchy
- political disorder and violence; lawlessness
- joint family system
- In India, the custom of housing all members of an extended family together
- shah
- the title of the former ruler of Iran
- El nino
- A wavy ocean current of south America's coast that influences global weather patterns
- hydroelectric power
- electricity that is generated by moving water
- ejido
- farmland owned collectively by members of a rural country
- Trade Deficit
- The situation in which a country imports more than it exports
- Mulato
- a person of mixed African and European ancestry
- nomad
- a person who travels from place to place
- Cuadillo
- A Latin American military dictator
- Soviet Union
- invaded Afghanistan during the 1980s
- Key to Spanish Conquest
- Spanish formed alliances with enemies of the Aztecs and were easily able to defeat the Aztecs
- embargo
- a severe restriction of trade with other countries