Civil Rights
Review Terms.
Terms
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- Plessy v. Ferguson
- "separate but equal"
- Black Panthers
- a radical group that urged African Americans to "arm themselves" for a racial war
- Malcolm X
- a black Muslim who encouraged blacks to separate from whites; later changed his views and was assasinated
- segregation
- separation based upon a characteristic; in the 1950s it was because of race
- sit in
- a form of protest in which people sit and refuse to leave
- Cesar Chavez
- led a boycott of grapes, lettuce and other produce to promote the rights of migrant workers
- Brown v. Board of Education
- called for the end to "separate but equal"; integrated schools
- civil disobedience
- non-violent protest like sit ins, boycotts, marches, speeches etc.
- Montgomery Bus Boycott
- started after Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on the bus: citizens refused to ride segregated buses to show the economic impact that African Americans had
- Betty Friedan
- an early leader of the feminist movement
- Martin Luther King Jr.
- followed a policy of civil disobedience; was a member of the SCLC; gave a famous speech called "I Have a Dream"
- Thurgood Marshall
- worked for the NAACP; became the first African American justic of the Supreme Court
- National Organization for Women
- worked to achieve economic, political and social equality for women
- "black power"
- used by Malcolm X and others to achieve economic independence and and shop in black owned stores
- Freedom Riders
- rode buses from town to town trying to integrate the terminals
- American Indian Movement
- actively protested the treatment of Indians; took over Wounded Knee in protest
- Civil Rights Act of 1964
- protected the rights of all citizens to vote
- Civil Rights Movement
- when oppressed groups stepped up the struggle for equality
- affirmative action
- programs set up to hire and promote minorities
- Voting Rights Act
- ended literacy tests
- migrant workers
- traveled from farm to farm looking for work; large number of Latino Americans included
- integration
- mixing of diferent ethnic groups