am hist final
Terms
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- How did U.S. soldiers come to be called G.I's?
- government issue
- What was an "allotment Annie"
- women who married GIs for a monthly check and a life insurance policy
- What new word did GIs give the English language describing military incompetence?
- SNAFU-- situation normal all fouled up
- What did the Japanese put 60,000 POWs to work building in Burma?
- a rail line
- What star of "Gone with the Wind" was shot down on a secret mission?
- Leslie Howard
- What nicknames were the Jeep given in WWII?
- The Iron Pony, The Leaping Lena, The Panzer Killer
- Of the five commodities listed, which three were mostly to cause a truck to be hijacked?
- liquor, rayon, shoes
- Why was the sinking of the U.S.S. Juneau given heavy newspaper coverage?
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5 brothers were killed when this destroyer was sunk--Sullivan brothers
military changed policy-- no more than 1 family member on same ship - What happened at the Universoty of Chicago on 12/2/42
- the 1st controlled and sustained atomic reaction, which led to the atomic bomb
- What were the 5 code names given to the beaches of Normandy
- gold, sword, juno, Utah, Omaha
- There were over 4600 casualties on the Normandy beaches on D-Day. Where did the great majority of them occur?
- Omaha beach
- Whose legs were so famous that they were painted on bombers
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Betty Grable-- #1 pinup of WWII
Rita Hayworth--#2
Dorothy Lamour--#3 - What was "Tora, Tora, Tora?"
-
Tiger=tora
code used by Japanese
"surprise attack was a success" - How were belly gunners of B-175 selected?
- the shortest guy was put as a belly gunner
- What peculiar distinction do army privates C.M. Kuhl and P.G. Bennet share?
- both slapped by General Patent
- Who were the 8 future presidents on active or inactive duty during WWII?
- Eisenhower, Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon, Ford, Carter, Reagan, Bush
- Who said, "among the American's serving on Iwo island, uncommon valor was a common virtue"?
- Admiral Nimitz
- what was a WASP?
- Women's Air Force Service Pilots-- 1st woman in history trained to fly American military aircrafts.
- What was a WAAC?
- Women's Army Auxilary Core-- took over desk jobs of men (in army)
- What were the WAVES
- Women Accepted For Volunteer Emergency Service-- women in navy that took desk jobs of men in navy
- What was "the enigma"?
- German coding machine
- What were the Shinyo?
- Japanese suicide speedboats
- What was the significance of the Battle of Midway?
- US navy established superiority over the Japanese navy
- What did Henry Fonda, Walter Mathau, David Niven, and Jimmy Stewart have in common?
-
all famous actors in the 30s and 40s
-- all went on to be decorated WWII soldiers - What do John Wayne, Frank Sinatra, Errol Flynn, and Gary Cooper have in common?
- famous actors that attempted to join military but were rejected
- What American entertainer living in France served as a spy for the French resistance?
-
Josephine Baker
--famous African American dancer and singer - What did the word "gadget" mean during WWII?
- code word for atomic bomb?
- Who was the "father of the atomic bomb?"
- Robert Oppenheimer
- Which WWII land battle had the greatest number of participants?
- Battle of the Bulge-- over a mil men
- what does the "D" in d-day stand for?
- Day
- Why did Truman decide to use the atomic bomb on Japan?
-
to save American lives
--he didn't want to lose up to 1 million servce men with a full scale attack on Japan - What planes were responsible for dropping atomic bombs?
- Enola Gay and Bock's car
- What were the nicknames given to the bombs dropped in Japan?
- Little Boy and Fat Man
- Who were the "shadow people?"
- ashy remains of people that were instantly destroyed by atomic bombs
- When was V-E Day?
- May 8, 1945
- When was V-J day?
- August 15, 1945
- What historic event took place on August 14, 1945?
- Japan unofficially surrenders
- When did WWII oficially end?
- September 2, 1945
- What Allied power suffered the most casualties and death?
- the soviet union (russia)
- What were the Nuremberg Trials?
- high-ranking Nazi officials were charged with things they did to Jews in WWII
- What were the Tokyo trials?
- The Japanese version of the Nuremberg trials
- Were any of the major war criminals ad the Tokyo Trials found guilty?
- yes-- Tojo, Hirota, and five generals sentenced to death by hanging
- Why was sugar rationed?
- it was used in production of alcohol, which was used in explosives
- Slaughterhouse cases, 1873
- court ruled that there was a sharp distinction between state and federal rights and priveleges
- Civil Rights cases, 1883
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S.C. narrowly defined the civil rights guaranteed by the 14th amendment
--court ruled that 14th amendment protected individuals from state actions, not individual actions - US v E.C. Knight Co., 1895
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1st significant case to challange the Sherman Anti trust act
--court ruled that monopoly control of manufacturing was not the same as monopoly control of commerce. - In re Debs, 1895
- court upheld governments use of injuction against strikes
- Abrams v. US, 1919
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5 Russian immigrants printed leaflets b/c they were mad that America didn't recognize communism
--arrested under Esp. and Sed. acts
--SC ruled that in time of war, gov has expanded authority. - Schecter Poultry Corp v US, 1935`
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Sick chicken case
--SC ruled the NRA was unconstitutional - US v. Butler ,1936
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SC decision that ruled the AAA(agricultrue Adjustment Act) unconst.
(AAA-paid farmers not to grow crops so production decreased and prices increased) - Minersville School District v. Gobitis, 1940
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2 children refused to say pledge and were expelled
--SC upheld their expulsions - West Virginia State Bd. of Edu. v. Barnette, 1943
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SC reversed Gobitis case.
--ruled that it wasn't necessary for a student to be expelled for not saying the pledge for religious reasons. - Smith v. Allwright, 1944
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TX dem limited membership in their party to only white.
--SC ruled that this practice violated the 15th amend. - Engel v. Vitale, 1962
- SC ruled that it was not business of government to compose official prayer for schools-- violation of 1st amendment
- Miranda v. Arisona, 1966
- court ruled that Miranda's const. rights under 5th , 6th, and 14th amend. had been violated.--also said that police officers were to inform the criminal that they had the right to remain silent, right to an attorney, and anything you say can be used ag. you
- US v Nixon, 1974
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WATERGATE
--court ruled that Nixon had to hand over tapes b/c pres doesn't have absolute privelege of immunity - Texas v. Johnson, 1989
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state of Texas had passed a law punishing those who burned flag in protest
--SC ruled law unconst. in violation of freedom of speech - US v. Eichmann, 1990
-
Cong passed law staing that if you burn a flag, it was fed offense
--SC declared fed law unconst. - "The only thing we have to fear is fear itself"
- FDR
- "Decemeber 7, 1941, A date which will live in infamy."
- FDR
- "The buck stops here"
- Truman
- "Old soldiers never die, they just fade away."
- General MacArthur
- "Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country."
- JFK
- "Some men see things as they are and say 'why', I dream things that never were and say 'why not'!
- Ted Kennedy
- "We believe that all me are created equal, but many are denied equal treatment."
- Lyndon Johnson
- ".....I am not a crook."
- Nixon
- "Mr Gorbadner, tear down this wall"
- Ronald Reagan
- "1976 will not be politics as usual. It can be a year of inspiration and hope."
- Jimmy Carter
- "Gov't is not the solution to the prob, governemt is the problem."
- Ronald Reagan
- "The world could wait no longer"
- George H Bush
- "There is nothing wrong with America that can not be cured by what is right in America.
- Bill Clinton
- "The wisest use of American strength is to advance freedom."
- George W. Bush
- Who were the permanent members of the UN security council?
- US, GB, Soviet Union, France, and China
- What term for localized military action with no formal declaration of war is used to describe Korean war?
- police action
- What vehicle was used for first time in Korean war to transport troops into battle?
- helicopters
- What is the dividing line between North and South Korea?
- 38th parallel
- Who was first Supreme commander of NATO?
- Eisenhower
- What was USSR's response to NATO?
- Warsaw Pact
- What was the imaginary barrier preventing the free exchange of ideas in Europe?
- iron curtain
- Who was the first US pres to visit China?
- Nixon
- Who was the thin English model who became the rage in the 1960s
- Twiggy
- What Rachel Carson book started the environmental movement?
- Silent Spring
- What was the name of the 1st US space program?
- Mercury
- Who was the 1st African American to attend the University of Mississippi?
- James Meredith
- Who was the 1st African American Congress woman?
- Shirley Chisholm
- Who shot MLK, Jr. in 1968?
- James Earl Ray
- What was the famous investigation of the Kennedy assassination?
- The Warren commision
- What nation was dragged into the Vietnam war in 1966?
- Cambodia
- What was LBJ's domestic agenda?
- The Great Society
- What US senator was investigated for the death of Mary Jo Kopechne at Chappaquiddick?
- Ted Kennedy