Medical Terms (mulitple sets)

Start Studying!

Terms

undefined, object

copy deck

vesicle: little bladder; an elevated, fluid-filled sac (blister) within or under the epidermis up to 0.5 cm in diameter (e.g. fever blister)
melan/o: black
Edema: excessive accumulation of fluid in the body tissue which causes swelling
Psychopharmacology: Treatment of psychiatric disorders with drugs.
nodule: a solid mass greater than 1 cm, which extends deeper into the epidermis
stern/o: sternum (breastbone)
axis: line that runs through the center of the body or body part
kerat/o: hard
distal: away from the beginning or origin of a structure
Hereditary: Transmission of a geneti9c material from parent to child
spider angioma: most commonly seen on the face, neck or chest
Abatement: a decrease in the severity or intensity of a symptom
Photon therapy: Radiation treatment using x-rays and gamma rays delivered to tumor tissue via a linear accelerator.
Autoimmune Disorder: A disease in which the body's immune system attacks its own tissues
depigmentation: loss of melanin pigment in the skin
Radiograph: a photographic image produced on a radiosensitive surface by radiation other than visible light (especially by X-rays or gamma rays)
steat/o: fat
appendicular: having to do with something attached
nevus: a congenital malformation on the skin that can be epidermal or vascular-- mole
arthrodynia: pain in a joint
Fx: fracture
Stereotactic radiosurgery: A single large dose of radiation delivered under stereotactic (highly precise) guidance to destroy a vascular abnormality or treat small intracranial tumors.
vertebr/o: vertebrae
Stethoscope: device used to listen (heart, breathing)
osteology: study, diagnosis, and treatment of skeletal disorders
amenorrhea: absence or suppression of normal menstrual flow
visceral: Referring to the viscera, the internal organs of the body, specifically those within the chest (as the heart or lungs) or abdomen (as the liver, pancreas or intestines).
Orthopedist: A Physician who specializes in diseases and conditions of the bones, joints muscles, tendon, ligaments, and cartilage.
Endoscopy: is the use of a viewing tube to directly observe the inside of body organs or spaces (cavities). Most often, the endoscope is flexible, although a few types are rigid.
abduction: moving away from the body
Tinnitus: Medical term for ringing ears
purpuric lesions: purpura; lesions as a result of hemorrhages into the skin
vitiligo: a condition caused by the destruction of melanin that results in the appearance of white patches on the skin, commonly the face, hands, legs and genital areas
gangrene: an eating sore; death of tissue associated with a loss of blood supply resulting from trauma or infectious process as seen in frostbite
temporal bones: two of the six main cranial bones
epidermis: thin, cellular outer layer of the skin
Myotonia: Spasm of muscle.
Relapse: the return of the disease after its apparent resolution
chondrodynia: pain originating in cartilage
osteomalacia: softening of bone
Cauterization: Process of burning tissue to destroy it.
navicular: the central ankle bone
Biopsy: removal of tissue sample for examination
Veins: Carry deoxygenated blood towards the heart for reoxygenation
Apoptosis: Programmed cell death.
amylase: An enzyme that breaks down starch
fissure: a linear crack in the skin
urea: the end product of protein metabolism, formed in the liver from amino acids and from ammonia compounds; found in the urine, blood and lymph
Electroencephalography: The recording of brain waves. Such tracings often give an accurate picture of brain disease or injury.
periosteum: a fibrous, vascular membrane that covers the bone
endo-, intra-: in, within
Arthroscopy: examination of the interior of a joint
chondr/o: cartilage
ureteroplasty: surgical repair of the ureters
Labile: unstable
Palliative: A medication given to relieve, not to cure; or a form of treatment directed toward relief rather than a cure applied when true cure is not possible.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome: One in which there are intermittent periods of abdominal cramps and diarrhea.
my/o: muscle
Group therapy: Patients with similar problems gain insight into their personalities through discussion and interaction together.
Gross description of tumors: Visual appearance of tumors, such as cystic, fungating, inflammatory, medullary, necrotic, polypoid, ulcerating and verrucous.
Mood disorders: Prolonged emotion dominates a person's life; bipolar and depressive disorders.
rhabd/o: rod shaped or striated (skeletal)
rheumatoid arthritis (RA): most crippling form of arthritis characterized by a chronic, systemic inflammation most often affecting joints and synovial membranes (esp. hands and feet) causing stiff joints
Systolic: contraction of the ventricles
pericardium: protective sac enclosing the heart composed of two layers with fluid between
Mucositis: Inflammation of mucous membranes; often a side effect of radiation therapy or chemotherapy.
keratin: hard protein material found in the epidermis, hair, and nails
Arthrotomy: surgical incision into a joint
pectoral girdle: the shoulder girdle
vertebr/o: vertebra
super-: upper, above
muscul/o: muscle
Cataract: An opaqueing of the lens of the eye
Prognosis: the probable outcome of the disease
prodromal: pretaining to what runs ahead of the actual event- weakening of a blood vessel
pericardial cavity: fluid- filled cavity between the pericardial layers
Hypertension: High blood pressure
Gangrene: Death of tissue due to lack of blood supply
estrogen: a general term for female steroid sex hormones that are secreted by the ovary and responsible for typical female sexual characteristics
Horner's Syndrome: Drooping of the eyelid, contraction of the pupil, and flushing of the face, seen in persons who have had sympathetic nerve destruction in the neck. Symptoms are often seen temporarily after a stellate ganglion block.
sinoatrial node (SA node): the pacemaker; highly specialized neurological tissue, embedded in the wall of the right atrium, responsible for initiating electrical conduction of the heartbeat, causing the atria to contract and firing conduction of impulses to the AV node
thorax: chest
nasal bone: a facial bone (nose)
Psychogenic: Pertaining to produced within the mind, having emotional and psychologic origin, rather than a physical cause.
crust: dried residue of serum (body liquid), pus, or blood on the skin (e.g. in impetigo)
diastole: to expand; period in the cardiac cycle when blood enters the relaxed ventricles from the atria
Hyperpathia: A painful syndrome, characterized by increased reaction to a stimulus, especially if repetitive. Hyperpathia may occur with hyperesthesia, hyperalgesia, or dysesthesia. Faulty identification and localization of the stimulus, delay, radiating sensation, and after-sensation may occur. The pain is often explosive in character.
External beam radiation: Radiation applied to a tumor from a distant source, such a machine (linear accelerator).
diastolic: relaxation of the ventricles
Exenteration: Wide resection involving removal of the tumor, its organ of origin, and all surrounding tissue in the body space.
Exfoliative cytology: Cells are scraped from a region of suspected disease and examined under the microscope.
Cannabis: Active substance in marijuana; THC.
Radius/radial: one of the two bones (the other is the ulna) extending from the elbow to the wrist
Fibrosis: Thickening and scarring of connective tissue which replaces the normal components of a structure.
Cervix: neck (also the neck of the uterus)
Hyperhydrosis: Excessive sweating.
seb/o: sebum (oil)
Arteriosclerosis: Thickening and narrowing of the walls of an artery
Anorexia nervosa: Eating disorder of excessive dieting and refusal to maintain a normal body weight.
arteries: vessels that carry blood from the heart to arterioles
osteochondritis: inflammation of bone and associated cartilage
trapezium: one of the eight carpals
Differentiating agents: Drugs that promote tumor cells to differentiate, stop growing and die.
albinism: a hereditary condition characterized by a partial or total lack of melanin pigment
tracheobronchial: relating to the trachea and bronchi
fracture line: line made by broken bone
tumor: a solid mass larger than 1-2 cm
carbuncle: a skin infection consisting of clusters of furuncles
Ambulatory: not bedridden, able to walk by oneself
Steroids: Complex, naturally occurring chemicals, such as hormones, that are used in cancer chemotherapy.
hypotension: low blood pressure
macule (macula): a flat, discolored spot in the skin up to 1 cm across (freckle)
fissure: a linear crack in the skin
Projective test: Diagnostic personality test using unstructured stimuli (inkblots, pictures, incomplete sentences) to evoke responses that reflect aspects of an individual's personality.
Legionnaire's Disease: Respiratory disease named after the epidemic that broke out at the 1976 American Legion conference in Philadelphia due to faulty air conditioners
Angiocardiography: The process of recording the heart and vessels after an intravenous injection of a radiopaque solution
macule: a flat, discolored spot on the skin up to 1 cm across (a freckle)
Neuropathy: Any disease of nerve tissues.
Fungating tumor: Gross description of tumor growth in which cells pile one on top of another and project from the tissue surface.
heart valves: structures withing the heart that open and close with the heartbeat to regulate the one-way flow of blood
myoma: muscle tumor
Pap Smear: Screening test for cervical cancer
Endoscope: An instrument used to look into body cavities and openings, such as a gastro scope used to examine the stomach.
costochondritis: inflammation of rib cartilage
comedo: a plug of sebum (oil) within the opening of a hair follicle
Sclerosis: hardening and or scarring
inter-: between
pediculosis: infestation with lice that causes itching and dermatitis
Infiltrative: Pertaining to extending beyond normal tissue boundaries.
Agoraphobia: Fear of leaving home or leaving a safe place.
Repression: Defense mechanism by which unacceptable thoughts, feelings, and impulses are automatically pushed into the unconscious.
Angioplasty: A procedure involving the insertion of a balloon into an artery to widen the lumen opening of the vessel
prone: lying face down and flat
Peripheral vascular disease: s a collator for all diseases caused by the obstruction of large peripheral arteries, which can result from atherosclerosis, inflammatory processes leading to stenosis, an embolism or thrombus formation. It causes either acute or chronic ischemia (lack of blood supply), typically of the legs.
Osteoplasty: surgical repair of bone
Serotonin: A chemical found in the blood which causes blood vessels to constrict and contract.
pyelitis: inflammation of the renal pelvis
Combination chemotherapy: Use of several chemotherapeutic agents together for treatment of tumors.
Radioresistant tumor: Tumor cells that require large doses of radiation to be destroyed.
chondroplasty: surgical repair of cartilage
Trichotillomania: obsessive behavior, tearing out hair
brachial: having to do with an arm
sternum: the breastbone
salpingitis: inflammation of a Fallopian tube (usually the result of infection spreading from the vagina or uterus) or of a Eustachian tube
decubitus: lying down, especially in bed
bile: a digestive juice secreted by the liver and stored in the gallbladder
Amputation: the surgical removal of a limb or part of a limb
interatrial septum: partition between right and left atrium
Atypical antipsychotics: Drugs used to treat schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and other serious mental illnesses (psychoses).
angio-: blood vessels
Acute Stress Disorder: characterized by dissociative symptoms (detachment, de-realization, or amnesia) during or after exposure to a traumatic event followed promptly by symptoms of re-experiencing, avoidance/numbing, and hyperarousal from 2 days to a maximum of 4 weeks after the traumatic exposure.
anuria: complete suppression (stopping) of urine formation by the kidneys
posterior (P) dorsal: back of the body
frozen section (FS): a surgical method involving cutting a thin piece of tissue from a frozen specimen for immediate pathological examination
thoracic: of or relating to the chest or thorax
Myalgia: Pain in muscles, as in lumbago, rheumatism, etc.
Hematemesis: Vomiting of blood.
disk (disc): a flat, plate-like structure composed of fibrocartilaginous tissue found between the vertebrae to reduce friction
spider angioma: a tiny, red blood vessel lesion formed by the dilation of a group of a group of blood vessels radiating from a central arteriole most commonly seen on the face, neck or chest
Exhibitionism: Compulsive need to expose one's body, particularly the genitals, to an unsuspecting stranger.
herpes simplex virus type 2: sexually transmitted ulcer-like lesions of the genital and anorectal skin and mucosa; virus is dormant and appears at times of stress
transverse plane: horizontal division of the body into upper and lower portions
supine: horizontal recumbent; lying flat on the back
osteoporosis: atrophy of bone tissue
Military Sexual Trauma: defined as the result of sexual harassment, sexual assault, rape or other acts of sexual violence experienced by a veteran that occurs in a military setting regardless of dates of active duty, or war zone status.
plebitis: inflammation of a vein, can result in blood clots
Neuralgia: Pain along the route of a nerve.
Acrocyanosis: Blueness of the hands and feet caused by a disturbance in the blood vessels and their ability to contract and expand
arthr/o: joint
ventricle: lower right and left chambers of the heart
Epilepsy: A condition characterized by recurrent seizures
Dactylomegaly/megadactyly: enlargement of one or more fingers or toes
arthrogram: radiograph of a joint
cutaneous lupus: limited to the skin; evidenced by a characteristic rash especially on the face, neck and scalp
Antimitotics: Drugs that block mitosis (cell division); used to treat cancer.
ulcer: an open sore on the skin or mucous membrane that can bleed and scar and is sometimes accompanied by infection (e.g. decubitus ulcer)
scabies: a contagious disease caused by a parasite that invades the skin, causing an intense itch-often found between the fingers toes or elbow
hepatitis: inflammation of the liver caused by a virus or a toxin
sagittal plane: vertical division of the body into right and left portions
Stem cell transplant: Stem cells (immature blood cells) are harvested from the bloodstream of a patient and then reinfused after the patient has received chemotherapy.
xanth/o: yellow
pisiform bone: one of the eight carpals
fissure: any cleft or groove, normal or otherwise, especially a deep fold in the cerebral cortex involving its entire thickness
parietal bones: two of the six main cranial bones
hypertension: a common disorder in which blood pressure remains abnormally high (a reading of 140/90 mm Hg or greater)
scapula/scapulae/scapular: the shoulder blade
Neuroleptic drug: Antipsychotic drugs used to treat psychoses such as schizophrenia and severe depression; examples are atypical antipsychotics such as aripiprazole (Abilify) and olanzapine (Zyprexa).
mucolytic: agents that break up or destroy mucus is, liquefies mucus so it is easier to cough and clear it from the respiratory tract.
herpes zoster: viral disease affecting the peripheral nerves characterized by painful blisters that spread over the skin (shingles)
Hyperbaric Chamber: A specially devised room in which the oxygen content is greater than under ordinary atmospheric conditions.
Arthrectomy: excision of a joint
apnea: Temporary cessation of breathing
Colostomy: a surgical procedure that involves connecting a part of the colon onto the anterior abdominal wall, leaving the patient with an opening on the abdomen called a stoma.
cost/o: rib
Muscular dystrophy: refers to a group of genetic, hereditary muscle diseases that cause progressive muscle weakness.[1][2] Muscular dystrophies are characterized by progressive skeletal muscle weakness, defects in muscle proteins, and the death of muscle cells and tissue.
crani/o: cranium
Melanoma: is a malignant tumor which are found predominantly in skin but also in the bowel and the eye
antihistamine: a drug that blocks the effects of histamine on the body
crust: dried residue from serum (body liquid) , pus, or blood on the skin
Thoracic: Referring to the chest
Osteotomy: surgical cutting of bone
interventricular septum: partition between right and left ventricle
Arthrogram: radiograph of a joint
petechia: spot; a reddish-brown, minute hemorrhagic spot on the skin that indicates a bleeding tendency-small purpura
osteoplasty: surgical repair of bone
Psychologist: Individual (Ph.D or Ed.D) specializing in mental processes and how the brain functions in health and disease; treats patients with psychotherapy, but cannot prescribe drugs.
Etiology: The study of the cause of a specific disorder or disease.
Anesthesia: loss of sensation, usually produced in order to permit a painless surgical operation
tricuspid valve: valve between the right atrium and right ventricle
carpal tunnel syndrome: condition characterized by wrist pain, often occurring during sleep
dysplastic nevus: a mole with precancerous changes
En bloc resection: Removal of a tumor with a large area of surrounding tissue containing lymph nodes.
Proton therapy: Subatomic particles (protons) produced by a cyclotron deposit absorbed dose of radiation at a finite, focused point in the body.
Narcotic: a drug that produces numbness or stupor
Osteochondritis: Inflammation of a bone and cartilage.
myos/o: muscle
ecto-, exo-, extra-: outside, outward
arthrosis: disintegration of a joint
osteomalacia: disease marked by softening of the bone caused by calcium and vitamin D deficiency
pulmonary circulation: circulation of blood from the pulmonary artery through the vessels in the lungs and back to the heart via the pulmonary vein, providing for the exchange of gases
Varix: singular form of varicose veins
Syncope: fainting
Paranoia: Overly suspicious system of thinking with fixed delusions that one is being harassed, persecuted or unfairly treated.
Metastasis: Spread of a cancerous tumor to another site (change of place) or secondary location (meta- = change, -stasis = place or control).
bronchiectasis: abnormal dilation of the bronchi with accumulation of mucus
eu-: good, normal
dermis: dense, fibrous connective tissue layer of the skin
medial: toward the middle
Chronic: lasting of long duration
dactylomegaly /megadactyly: enlargement of one or more fingers or toes
Sessile: Type of polyp that extends from a broad base as opposed to growing on a stalk.
range of motion (ROM): total motion possible in a joint, described by the terms related to body movements, ability to flex, extend, abduct or adduct etc
articulation: a joint; the point where two bones come together
chondromalacia: softening of cartilage
Arthropathy: any disorder of a joint
tarsus: instep or sole of the foot; collectively, the seven bones making up the bottom of the foot
Neurovascular: A term that pertains to both the neurologic and vascular structures.
hair: outgrowth of the skin composed of keratin
alveolar: pertaining to the tiny air sacs of the lungs
axial skeleton: bones of skull, vertebral column, chest, and hyoid bone (at base of tongue)
arterioles: small vessels that receive blood from the arteries
Analgesic: capable of relieving pain
Hypnosis: Induction of a trance-like state to consciousness in a patient to increase the pace of psychotherapy.
bicuspud valve (mitral valve): the valve between the left atrium and left ventricle
Asymptomatic: without symptoms. Usually refers to someone who previously had symptoms
Disease: a disturbance in the body or function of an organ or organs
hemangioma: reddish patch on the back of the neck or on the scalp
hereniated disk or disc: protrusion of a degenerated or fragmented intervertebral disk so that the nucleus pulposus protrudes
Paraphilia: Recurrent, intense sexual urge; fantasy or behavior that involves unusual objects, activities and situations.
lumbar: adjective describing the vertebrae (L1-L5) in the lower spinal column
articul/o: joint (articulation)
aortic valve: heart valve between the left ventricle and the aorta
skin grafting: transfer of skin from one body site to another to replace skin lost through burns or injury
proximal: toward the beginning or origin of a structure
Neoplasm: New growth (tumor); benign or malignant tumor.
chondr/o: cartilage (gristle)
syndrome: collection of signs and symptoms occurring together and characterizing a medical condition
Atrium: receiving chamber of deoxygenated blood.
radi/o: radius
Meningitis: The swelling of brain or spinal cord coverings (the meninges)
Ablation: surgical removal of a part of the body such as amputation of a limb
Diagnosis: the identification and naming of a medical condition
Chondroid: resembling cartilage
trich/o: hair
Metastasis: distant spread of a malignant tumor from its site of origin.
Arthroscope: device used in arthroscopy
Osteochondritis: inflammation of bone and associated cartilage
Osteitis: inflammation of bone
Sign: (medicine) any objective evidence of the presence of a disorder or disease
hematuria: the presence of blood in the urine
keratoses: thickened areas of epidermis
Keflex: oral antibiotic
Dysphoria: Sadness, hopelessness, and depressive mood; feeling "low."
Echocardiography: a test in which sound waves are directed at the heart. The recordings give important information on the health of the heart muscles and heart function
Osteology: study of bone(s)
simple fracture: a nondisplaced fracture involving one fracture line that does not require extensive treatment to repair
spondyl/o: vertebra
Pedophilia: Need for sexual gratification with a child.
bulla: a blister larger than .5 cm (second-degree burn)
hemi-: one half
gastrocele: hernia of the stomach
tremor: shaking; rhythmic muscular movement
Palpataion: to quiver- rapid heart beat.
rubella: reddish; German measles
sudoriferous glands: sweat glands (sudor = sweat; ferre= to bear)
Carcinogen: Substance that produces cancer.
pulmonary semilunar valve: heart valve opening from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery (luna= moon)
Allergy: Sensitivity to an allergen with effects ranging from a rash to life threatening anaphylaxis
Simulation: Study prior to radiation therapy using CT scan or MRI to map treatment. It is required for all patients undergoing radiation therapy.
Lithium: Drug used to treat the manic episodes in bipolar disorder.
Antisocial personality: Characterized by lack of loyalty or concern for others and lack of moral standards.
Carpal tunnel syndrome: numbness, weakness and pain in the hand, involving especially the index, middle and ring fingers, due to compression of the medial nerve at the wrist
eversion: turning outward ex. of a foot
Respiratory Rate: The number of breaths per minute. The normal adult inhales approximately twenty times per minute.
Costectomy: excision of a rib
Synovial: adjective form of synovia, a synonym for synovial fluid
-ium: membranes that package
Exacerbation: an increase in the severity of symptoms
fibula: the lateral leg bone
costae spuriae: rib pairs 8 through 12
Amyotonia: absence of muscle tone
arthritis: inflammation of the joints characterized by pain, swelling
Retinoblastoma: Malignant tumor of the retina of the eye; childhood malignancy.
lipoma: a tumor consisting of fatty tissue
comminuted fracture: broken in many little pieces
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: an unusual illness or uncertain cause, that is characterized by unexplained fatigue, weakness, muscle pain, lymph node swelling and malaise
chemotherapy: treatment of malignancies, infections, and other diseases with chemical agents that destroy selected cells or impair their ability to reproduce
xerosis: Abnormal dryness of skin, mucous membranes, or the conjunctiva
Diaphoresis: "carry through;" to perspire
Modality: Method of treatment.
visceral pericardium: layer closest to the heart (visceral= pertaining to organ)
Epidermoid: Resembling epidermis or the outer layer of skin. Epidermoid tumors are composed of thin, plate-like cells.
cherry angioma: a small, round, bright-red blood vessel tumor on the skin, often on the trunk of the elderly
normotension: normal blood pressure
Vasodiliatation: The enlargement or dilation of blood vessels.
ultra-: excess, beyond
Bone deossification: demineralization of bone
adip/o: fat
Dorsum: the back of an organ or body part
Arthrometry: measurement of the amount of movement in a joint
ilium: one of the three bones fused together to form the hip bone
laryngeal: of or relating to or situated in the larynx
anterior-posterior (AP): from front to back; commonly associated with the direction of an x-ray beam
Diastolic (Blood Pressure): The blood pressure during relaxation of the ventricles
anesthetic: a drug that temporarily blocks transmission of nerve conduction to produce a loss of sensations (ex. pain)
Therapeutic: relating to or involved in therapy
cicatrix of the skin: a mark left by the healing of a sore or wound showing the replacement of destroyed tissue by fibrous tissue
dermat/o: skin
Arthritis: inflammation of a joint
craniotomy: a surgical opening through the skull
urticaria: hives; an eruption of wheals on the skin accompanied by itch
osteotomy: surgical cutting of bone
Hypertension: Elevated blood pressure
fulguration: to lighten; use of long, high-frequency, electric sparks to destroy tissue; active electrode does not touch the skin
Ulnar Nerve: A major nerve of the upper extremity. In humans, the fibers of the Ulnar nerve originate in the lower cervical and upper thoracic spinal cord (usually c7 to t1), travel via the medial cord of the brachial plexus, and supply sensory and motor innervations to parts of the hand and forearm.
secondary lesions: lesions that result in changes in primary lesions
cardiomyopathy: Any disease of heart muscle that diminishes cardiac function
Dactylalgia: pain in a finger (or toe)
hypertension: high blood pressure
Acanthesthsia: a feeling of pins and needles
polarization: resting; resting state of a myocardial cell
papule: a solid mass on the skin up to 0.5 cm in diameter (nevus (mole))
scoliosis: A condition of lateral curvature of the spine
epi-: above, upon
cellulitis: an acute inflammation of subcutaneous tissue resulting from a bacterial invasion through a break in the skin
Varicose veins: twisted and knotted, results from standing up alot and poor circulation
erythema: redness of skin
goniometer: instrument used to measure joint angles
Compensation case: an injury or disease incurred because of the work one performs
duodenal: in or relating to the duodenum
anti-inflammatory: a drug that reduces inflammation
pustule: a pus-filled sac
Follicular: Pertaining to forming small, glandular sacs.
cicatrix of the skin: a mark left by the healing of a sore or wound showing the replacement of destroyed tissue by fibrous tissue
Sudeck's Atrophy: Degeneration of bone following an injury.
Vertebra/vertebrae: one of the 33 segments making up the spinal column
sphynx-=-sphincter: sphinx is depicted to strangle people to death so the sphincter constricts
leiomyosarcoma: malignant smooth muscle tumor
Bipolar disorder: Mood disorder with alternating periods of mania and depression.
purpuric lesions: purpura; lesions as a result of hemorrhages into the skin
Paroxysmal Dysesthesia: Spontaneous sharp jabs of pain in the affected region that seem to come from nowhere.
Arthrocentesis: removal of fluid from a joint
Trichorrhexis: Split ends of hair
ton/o: tone or tension
Hyperesthesia: Excess sensitivity, such as to touch or pinprick.
Hallucinogen: Substance that produces hallucinations.
Hypertension: High blood pressure.
hypotonia: reduced muscle tone or tension
hypoglycemia: abnormally low blood sugar usually resulting from excessive insulin or a poor diet
insertion of a muscle: muscle end attached to the bone that moves when the muscle contracts
Ulna/ulnar: one of the two bones (the other is the radius) extending from the elbow to the wrist
Arthrosis: disintegration of a joint
occipital bone: one of the six main cranial bones
osteoid: resembling bone in appearance or structure.
Maxilla/maxillary: the bone above the upper teeth
Metathesis: The spreading of cancer to distant organs
carpal tunnel syndrome: condition characterized by wrist pain, often occurring during sleep
Thrombus: A stationary clot in a blood vessel
Malignant tumor: Cancerous tumor.
Osteopenia: abnormally low bone density
Pneumonitis: Inflammation of the lungs.
Raynaud's Disease: A disease in which there is chronic constriction and spasm of the blood vessels and digital arteries in the fingers, toes, tip of nose, etc. causing pallor (blanching). It can occasionally lead to gangrene of the affected area.
recumbent: lying down
Acrohyperhydrosis: excessing sweating of the hands and feet
tachy-: rapid
Laparoscopy: Visual examination of the abdominal cavity using small incisions and a laparoscope (endoscope).
depolarization: change of a myocardial cell from a polarized (resting) state to a state of contraction (de= not; polarization= resting)
Scirrhous: Pertaining to hard, densely packed tumors, overgrown with fibrous tissue.
lunate bone: one of the eight carpals
Xenophobia: Fear of strangers.
mono-, uni-: one
Hypoglycemia: Too little sugar in the blood.
metatarsals: the bones between the tarsals and the phalanges (toes) of the foot
Differentiation: Specialization of cells; unspecialized cells are modified and altered to form specific and characteristic types and functions.
dia-, trans-: through, across
Hypothermia: Low body temperature
ankylosis: stiff joint condition
spastic: uncontrolled contractions of skeletal muscles causing stiff and awkward movements
thorac/o: chest
biopsy: removal of a small piece of tissue for microscopic pathological examination
Dissociative disorder: Chronic or sudden disturbance of memory, identity, or consciousness; examples are multiple-personality disorder and psychogenic amnesia.
Systolic(Pressure): Blood pressure during contraction of the ventricles
Cognitive behavior therapy: Changing behavior patterns and responses by training and repetition and learning how thinking patterns cause symptoms, such as anger, anxiety and depression.
Intractable: Incurable; impossible to control.
Fugue: Flight from customary surroundings; dissociate disorder.
tinea: a group of fungal skin diseases identified by the body part that is affected, including tinea corporis (body), called ringworm, and tinea pedis (called athlete's foot)
tetany: tension; prolonged, continuous muscle contraction
talus: the bone in the ankle that articulates with the tibia and fibula
arteriosclerosis: thickening; loss of elasticity, and calcification (hardening ) or arterial walls
dactyl/o: digit (finger or toe)
Arteries: Carry oxygenated blood away from the heart and to the rest of the body
flexion: bending at the joint so that the angle between the bones is decreased
Tropic: Resulting from interruption of nerve supply.
debridement: surgical removal of foreign material and dead tissue from a wound in order to prevent infection and promote healing
Ostectomy: surgical removal of bone
closed comedo: below the skin surface with a white center (whitehead)
osteoporosis: condition of decreased bone density and increased porosity, causing bones to become brittle and liable to fracture
costalgia: pain in a rib
papule: a solid mass on the skin up to .5 cm in diameter
basal cell carcinoma (BCC): a malignant tumor of the basal layer
hamate bone: one of the eight carpals
lesion: an area of pathologically altered tissue (primary and secondary)
tend/o: tendon (to stretch)
koila: glue
renal: Pertaining to the kidney
posterior-anterior (PA): from back to front; commonly associated with the direction of an x-ray beam
patella: kneecap
Chondritis: inflammation of cartiliage
Anodyne: any medication that relives pain
Chondrogenesis: formation of cartilage
scapular: relating to or near the shoulder blade
Carcinoma: Cancerous tumor.
bursa: a fibrous sac between certain tendons and bones that is lined with a synovial membrane that secretes synovial fluid
bony necrosis/sequstrum: dead bone tissue from loss of blood supply such as can occur after a fracture
Osteosarcoma: Malignant tumor of bone.
coccygeal: the tailbone, made up of the four fused vertebrae at the base of the spinal column
complex fracture: a displaced fracture that requires manipulation or surgery to repair
Mixed tissue tumors: Tumors composed of different types of tissue (epithelial as well as connective tissues).
macro-: large
Narcissistic personality: Characterized by grandiose sense of self-importance or preoccupation with fantasies of success or power; self-love without empathy for others.
myel/o: bone marrow or spinal cord
Sexual sadism: Sexual gratification gained by inflicting physical or psychologic pain or harm on others.
antipryetic: a drug that reduces fever
Mutism: Non-reactive state; stupor.
Radionuclide scans: Radioactive substances (radionuclides) are injected intravenously and scans (images) are taken of organs.
Atrophy: the withering of an organ or tissues which had previously been normally developed due to regeneration of cells
patch test: the substance is applied topically to the skin on a small piece of blotting paper or wet cloth
Amnesia: Loss of memory.
Palpation: to press on the body; self-examination
Delirium tremens: Confusion in thinking, anxiety, tremors, and sweating occurring with withdrawal from excessive and habitual use of alcohol.
Hyperasthesia: Over-sensitivity to touch and light pressure.
Pleomorphic: Pertaining to a variety of shapes or cell types.
infra-, sub-: under, below
ecchymosis: bruise; a black and blue mark-large purpura
inversion: turning inward
Arthroplasty: surgical repair of a joint
Impalpable: Not able to be felt with the hands, such as a tumor.
Cluster headache: a chronic headache condition
Paroxysm: Sudden temporary attack
psoriasis: an itching; a chronic, recurrent skin disease marked by silver-gray scales covering red patches on the skin that result from overproduction of skin cells
pilomotor muscle: pertaining to the arrector muscles, the contraction of which produces goose flesh- piloerection
pubis: one of the three bones fused together to form the hip bone
Sedatives: Drugs that lessen anxiety.
rhinoplasty: cosmetic surgery to improve the appearance of your nose
Costochondritis: inflammation and pain in the area where the cartilages join the breastbone
Radiocurable tumor: Tumor cells that are destroyed with radiotherapy.
diuretic: drug that increase the secretion of urine
Oncology: Study of tumors (malignant tumors).
long bones: bones of arms and legs
Affect: External expression of emotion; emotional response.
Alopecia: Partial or complete lack of hair.
costal: Pertaining to the rib
Otitis Media: is an inflammation in the middle ear. The middle ear is an air chamber containing the mechanism that conducts sound from the air in the external ear to the fluid in the inner ear.
Radiation: Energy carried by a stream of particles.
anterior (A) ventral: front of the body
Obsessive-compulsive disorder: Anxiety disorder involving recurrent thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive actions (compulsions) that dominate a patient's life.
Papillary: Pertaining to nipple-like projections. A papillary tumor forms microscopic nipple-like or finger-like projections of cells.
lateral: Directed toward the side.
Bulimia nervosa: Eating disorder marked by binge eating followed by vomiting, purging (defecation), and depression.
Ventricle: "little belly or pouch" th ventricles are the lower chambers of the heart that contract with enough pressure to circulate blood
myocardium: heart muscle
leuk/o: white
Acroagnosis: lack of sensation in an arm or leg
striated (skeletal) muscle: voluntary striated muscle attached to the skeleton
Superego: Internalized conscious and judgmental and moral part of the mind.
Deoxyribonucleic acid: Genetic material within the nucleus of a cell; controls cell division and protein synthesis.
Chondrodynia: pain originating in cartilage
erythr/o: red
Systolic Blood Pressure: The force with which blood is pumped when the heart muscle is contracting. TELAGIA - Pain radiating to another part of the body; referred pain.
plaque: a solid mass greater than 1 cm in diameter, limited to the surface of the skin
synovial membrane: membrane lining the capsule of a joint
secondary lesions: lesions that result in changes in primary lesions
greenstick fracture: bending and incomplete break of a bone-most often seen in children
scale: a thin flake of exfoliated epidermis (dandruff)
Pain: An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience most often associated with tissue damage.
Somatoform disorders: Conditions in which the patient has physical or bodily symptoms that cannot be explained by any actual physical illness.
uln/o: ulna
yellow bone marrow: gradually replaces red bone marrow in adult bones, functions as storage for fat tissue and is inactive in formation of blood cells
rubeola: reddish; 14-day measles
ab-: from, away from
Psychoanalysis: Form of psychotherapy in which the patient explores his or her unconscious emotions and past to understand and change current behavior and feelings.
contracture: can't act, frozen
chemosurgery chemical peel: a technique for restoring wrinkled, scarred, or blemished skin by application of an acid solution to "peel" away the top layers of the skin
Traumatic Brain Injury: an injury to the brain regardless of severity. Though not always visible and sometimes seemingly minor, brain injury is complex. It can cause physical, cognitive, social and vocational changes that affect an individual for a short period of time or permanently.
brady-: slow
lateral: toward the side
antipruritic: a drug that relieves itching
vesicle: little bladder; an elevated fluid-filled sac (blister) within or under the epidermis
ichthyosis: a skin condition caused by a gene defect that results in dry, thick, scaly skin
Sudomotor Changes: Increased or decreased sweating.
Gray: Unit of absorbed radiation dose.
fibr/o: fiber
crepitation/crepitus: grating sound made by movement of some joints or broken bones
derm/o: skin
Dedifferentiation: Loss of differentiation of cells; reversion to a more primitive, embryonic cell type.
Electrocardiography: the recording of the electrical impulses of the heart. Such tracings often given an accurate picture of heart abnormalities and disease (EKG and ECG)
arthropathy: any disorder of a joint
Osteorrhaphy: suturing together the parts of a broken bone
crani/o: skull
Anxiolytic: Drug that relieves anxiety and produces a relaxing effect.
cephalopelvic: pertaining to the relationship of the fetal head to the maternal pelvis.
syn-: union, together, joined
tibia: shin bone
Brachytherapy: Placement of radioactive material (small sealed containers) in contact with or implanted into tumor tissue.
telangiectasia: a tiny, red blood vessel lesion formed by the dilation of a group of blood vessels radiating from a central arteriole
Genetic screening: Family members are tested to determine whether they have inherited a cancer-causing gene.
Alkylating agents: Synthetic chemicals used in treatment of cancer. They interfere with DNA synthesis and cell division to prevent cancer cells from increasing in number.
Anaplasia: Loss of differentiation of cells and reversion to a more primitive, unspecialized cell type.
Mohs surgery: a technique used to excise tumors of the skin by removing fresh tissue layer by layer until a tumor-free plane is reached
Ambulatory surgery: surgery performed either in a special ambulatory care unit or doctor's office. Outpatient surgery.
Ischemia: Lack of blood supply to an organ or part due to a spasm or shutting down of the artery which supplies it.
hetero-: different
Acute: rapid, short, sudden, severe. Not chronic
costectomy: excision of a rib
thoracic: adjective form of thorax
aortic valve: valve between the left ventricle and the aorta
proximal: situated nearest to point of attachment or origin
arthrectomy: excision of a joint
Apnea: a temporary stopping of breathing often occurring during sleep
skin pigmentation: skin color due to the presence of melanin
Hypesthesia: Decreased sensitivity, as lessened appreciation of the sense of pain or touch.
articular cartilage: a gristle-like substance found on bones where they articulate
flutter: fibrillation
Cyclothymia: Patient experiences alternating states of depression and exhilaration; mild form of bipolar disorder.
Gender-identity disorder: Strong and persistent cross-gender identification with the opposite sex.
Romberg: Inability to keep one's balance when standing with eyes closed.
dermabrasion: surgical removal of frozen epidermis using wire brushes and emery papers to remove scars, tattoos and/or wrinkles
micro-: small
Aglutition: difficulty swallowing
eupepsia: good digestion
costae fluctuantes: rib pairs 11 and 12
dipl-, diplo-: double
Dopamine: The neurotransmitter that is deficient in patients with Parkinson's
Hypalgesia: Decreased sensation to pain.
osteosarcoma: type of malignant bone tumor
ultraviolet therapy: use of ultraviolet light to promote healing of a skin lesion (ex. an ulcer)
spongy (cancellous) bone: mesh-like bone tissue containing marrow and find branching canals through which blood vessels run
cephalic: of or relating to the head
Fetishism: Use of non-living objects, such as articles of clothing, as substitutes for a human sexual love object.
osteomyelitis: infection of bone and bone marrow causing inflammation
excoriation: a scratch mark (from a cat)
nail: outgrowth of the skin attached to the distal end of each finger and toe, composed of keratin
ischemia: a holding back of the blood, decreased blood flow to tissue caused by constriction of a blood vessel
Antimetabolites: Chemicals that prevent cell division by inhibiting formation of substances necessary to make DNA; used in cancer treatment.
alopecia: baldness
Mania: State of excessive excitability, hyperactive elation and agitation.
Antibiotics: Chemical substances produced by bacteria or primitive plants; inhibit the growth of cells and are used in treatment of cancer and infectious disease.
Operational Stress Injury: any persistent psychological difficulty resulting from military service. It is used to describe a broad range of medical conditions such as anxiety disorders, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder as well as other conditions that may be less severe but sill interfere with daily functioning.
diaphysis: shaft of a long bone
Tinea Pedis: Medical name for athlete's foot
pelv/o: hip bone or pelvic cavity
phrenic: of or relating to the diaphragm
Inflammation: The reaction of tissues to injury, manifested by pain, heat, swelling, and redness.
Mental: Pertaining to the mind.
Family therapy: Treatment of an entire family to resolve and understand their conflicts and problems.
Lymphoma: a type of neoplasm that originates in lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell in the vertebrate immune system). They often originate in lymph nodes, presenting as an enlargement of the node (a tumor).
Radiosensitive tumor: Tumor in which radiation can cause death of cells without damage to surrounding tissue.
-stol: expand
Benzodiazepines: Drugs used to treat anxiety and panic attacks.
rhabdomyosarcoma: malignant skeletal muscle tumor
vulgaris: common
sphygmomanometer: blood pressure sleeve, constricts blood flow
Tachycardia: A rapid heart rate
fascia: a band or sheet of fibrous connective tissue that covers, supports, and separates muscle
eruption: appearance of a skin lesion
actinic (solar) keratoses: localized thickening of the skin caused by excessive exposure to sunlight; a known precursor to cancer
eczema: to boil out; used interchangeably with dermatitis
histi/o: tissue
Dysthymia: Depressive episodes, but not of the same intensity or duration as major depression.
red bone marrow: found in cavities of most bones in infants; forms red blood cells, some white blood cells and platelets
shave Bx: a technique using a surgical blade to "shave" tissue from the epidermis and upper dermis
Osteoarthritis: A form of arthritis associated with bone and cartilage degeneration; seen mostly in aging people.
mal-: bad
open fracture: compound fracture; a broken bone with an open wound
tarsals: the bones of the sole of the foot
aorta: large artery that is the main truck of the arterial system branching from the left ventricle
Necrotic tumor: Tumor that contains dead cells.
arthrocentesis: removing fluid from a joint
Sexual masochism: Sexual gratification gained by being mutilated, beaten, or bound or otherwise made to suffer by another person.
cutane/o: skin
osteorrhaphy: suturing together the parts of a broken bone
atherosclerosis: obstruction in blood vessels, loss in flexibility, loss of a significant percentage of lumen
nephrosis: degenerative disease of the renal tubules
smooth muscle: involuntary muscle found in internal organs
Drom-: to run
Rheumatologist: A specialist in diseases involving the joints, particularly arthritic conditions.
basal layer: deepest region of thee epidermis
laser surgery: surgery using a laser in various dermatological procedures to remove lesions, scars, tattoos etc
paronchyia: inflammation of the nail fold
osteoma: bone tumor
climacteric: the time in a woman's life in which the menstrual cycle ends
Insight-oriented therapy: Face to face discussion of life problems and feelings to increase understanding of thoughts and behavior patterns; psychodynamic therapy.
squamous cell layer: flat, scale-like epithelial cells comprising the outermost layers of the epidermis
Osteodynia: Pain in a bone
Ischaemic: diminished supply of blood to a part of the body
appendicular skeleton: bones of shoulder, pelvis, and upper and lower extremities
rickets: osteomalacia in children
Edema: Swelling of body tissues due to increased fluid accumulation
Autistic thought: Preoccupation with self-centered, illogical ideas and fantasies that exclude the external world.
Play therapy: A child, through play, uses toys to express conflicts and feelings that he or she is unable to communicate in a direct manner.
scale: a thin flake of exfoliated epidermis
antibiotic: a drug that kills or inhibits growth of microorganisms
incisional Bx: removal of a selected portion of a lesion
scler/o: hard
Claustrophobia: Fear of closed-in places.
vascular lesions: lesions of a blood vessel
erect: normal standing position
Cubital: referring to the forearm or elbow area
Pericarditis: Inflammation of the pericardium (heart lining)
xenograft/heterograft: a graft transfer from one animal species to another species
Symptom: subjective evidence as perceived by the patient
Autism: Severe lack of responsiveness to others, preoccupation with inner thoughts, withdrawal and retarded language development.
pronation: turning downward or backward of the palmar surface (palm of the hand)
Allodynia: extreme pain is produced by any stimuli that would not normally induce pain
Schizoid personality: Emotionally cold and aloof, as if split off from other people; indifferent to praise or criticism or to the feelings of others.
Homeopathy: A branch of medicine, characterized by the treatment of illness with small doses of drugs that produce, in a healthy person, symptoms like those of the illness being treated .
tendin/o: tendon (to stretch)
Invasive: Having the ability to enter and destroy surrounding tissue.
annio-: people thought of it as a great flowing river, actually means little sheep. it is a sack that contain fluid
capitate bone: one of the eight carpals
laser: an acronym for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiated; an instrument concentrates high frequencies of light into a small, extremely intense beam that is precise in depth and diameter
primi-: first
Defense mechanism: Unconscious technique (coping mechanism) that a person uses to resolve or conceal conflicts and anxiety.
cardiac muscle: muscle of the heart
lacerations: jagged tears
Acampsia: inability to bend or extend a joint
Osteoporsis: A loss in bony substances producing brittleness and softness of bones; often seen in aging people or those with debility (weakness).
osteitis: inflammation of bone
primary lesion: lesions arising from previously normal skin
inferior (caudal): situated below another structure, away from the head
lesion: an area of pathologically altered tissue
Psychiatrist: Physician who treats the mind and mental disorders.
Angina Pectoris: Temporary chest pain caused by an oxygen deficiency to the heart muscle
Dysplastic: Pertaining to abnormal formation or development of cells; not clearly malignant.
Ostealgia: pain in a bone
ad-: toward
ROM: range of motion
sebum: oily substance secreted by the sebaceous glands
histamine: a regulating body substance released in excess during allergic reactions causing swelling and inflammation of tissues
Acute: having or experiencing a rapid onset and short but severe course
lymphedema: Edema appearing in the extremities due to an obstructin of the lymph flow through the lymphatic vessels
phalanges: fingers
Relapse: Return of symptoms of disease.
Alveolar: Pertaining to a small sac or alveolus.
cuneiform bone: three ankle bones, respectively preceded by the adjectives lateral, intermediate, and medial
cherry angioma: a small, round, bright-red blood vessel tumor on the skin, often on the trunk of the elderly
metacarpal: one of the five bones extending from the wrist to the first knuckle in each hand
vertebrectomy: excision of a vertebra
pseudo-: false
seborrhea: a skin condition marked by the hyperesecretion of sebum from the sebaceous glands
Remission: Partial or complete disappearance of symptoms of disease.
gouty arthritis: acute attacks of arthritis usually in a single joint, caused by hyperuricemia (an excessive level of uric acid in the blood)
rachialgia: A painful affection of the spine; especially, Pott's disease
Sarcoma: Cancerous tumor derived from connective or flesh tissue.
Osteomalacia: softening of bone
Hypoesthesia: Diminished sensitivity to stimulation, excluding special senses.
Teletherapy: Radiation delivered to a tumor from a distant source, such as a linear accelerator or cyclotron.
adduction: movemnt toward the body
first-degree burn: a burn involving only the epidermis, characterized by erythema and hyperesthesia (excessive sensation)
Afebrile: without fever, usually referring to a patient who's temperature is normal
Fractionation: Method of administering radiation treatment in small, repeated doses rather than in a few large doses.
ten/o: tendon (to stretch)
Hallucination: False or unreal sensory perception; hearing voices and seeing things.
Adjuvant therapy: Treatment of disease with substances that assist or enhance the action of primary treatment.
Cystic tumor: A cystic tumor forms large open spaces filled with fluid.
Incisional biopsy: Piece of tumor is removed for examination to establish a diagnosis.
spondyl/o: vertebrae
furuncle: a boil; a painful nodule formed in the skin by inflammation originating in a hair follicle
Phobia: Irrational fear of an object or an situation; claustrophobia (closed spaces), agoraphobia (leaving home or a safe place) and acrophobia (heights) are examples.
nodule: a solid mass greater than 1 cm, ehich extends deeper into the epidermis
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS): is an acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP), an autoimmune disease affecting the peripheral nervous system, usually triggered by an acute infectious process.
subcutaneous tissue: connective and adipose tissue layer just under the dermis
Aseptic Necrosis: a bone condition that results from poor blood supply to an area of bone causing bone death. This is a serious condition because the dead areas of bone do not function normally, are weakened, and can collapse. Aseptic necrosis is also referred to as avascular necrosis or osteonecrosis.
ulcer: an open sore on the skin or mucous membrane that can bleed and scar and is sometimes accompanied by infection
venules: small vessels that gather blood from the capillaries into the veins
erosion: to gnaw away; loss of superficial epidermis leaving an area of moisture but no bleeding
peritoneum: a transparent membrane that lines the abdominal cavity in mammals and covers most of the viscera
kyph/o: humpback
Costalgia: pain in a rib(s)
Idiopathic: of unknown cause
Diastolic Pressure: the blood pressure level during the time the heart muscle is relaxed
cardiomegaly: an abnormal enlargement of the heart
bone: specialized connective tissue composed of osteocytes forming the skeleton
melanocyte: a cell found in the basal layer that gives color to the skin
lunula: moon; underneath the nail
Personality disorder: Established, lifelong pattern marked by inflexibility and impairment of social functioning.
parietal pericardium: outer layer (parietal= pertaining to wall)
bulla: a blister larger than 0.5 cm (second-degree burn)
Cryosurgery: Use of subfreezing temperature to destroy tissue.
arthrocentesis: Surgical puncture of a joint for removal of fluid
exanthematous viral disease: eruption of the skin caused by a viral disease
muscular dystrophy: a category of genetically transmitted disease characterized by progressive atrophy of skeletal muscles
Analgesia: absence of pain in response to stimulation that would normally be painful
hyperglycemia: abnormally high blood sugar usually associated with diabetes
Catatonic stupor: A type of schizophrenia marked by inability to move or react to the environment.
plantar flexion: bending of the sole of the foot by curling the toes toward the ground
carpal: a wrist bone
thrombosis: structure blocking blood flow- mean clock
burn: any injury to body tissue caused by heat, chemicals, electricity, radiation, or gases
Linear accelerator: Device that produces high-energy x-ray (photon) beams for treatment of deep-seated tumors.
costae verae: rib pairs 1 through 7
Polypoid tumor: Resembling a polyp (benign growth that protrudes from a base.
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: Condition due to compromise of blood vessels or nerve fibers between the armpit (axilla) and base of the neck.
Carpectomy: excision of part of the wrist
purpur/o: purple
MSS: musculoskeletal system
arthrochondritis: inflammation of cartilage in a joint
tricuspid valve: valve betwwen the right atrium and the right ventricle
Myoclonus: Abnormal muscle twitching.
Virus: Infectious agent that reproduces by entering a host cell and using the host's genetic material to make copies of itself.
uremia: (Azotemia) , accumulation in the blood of nitrogen-bearing waste products (urea) that are usually excreted in the urine
Hypochondriasis: Exaggerated concern about one's health.
Grading of tumors: Evaluating the microscopic appearance of tumor cells to determine their degree of differentiation or maturity and thus malignant transformation.
Duodenum: The first section of the small intestine
Borderline personality: Instability in interpersonal relationships and sense of self; alternating involvement with and rejection of people.
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: is a disease of the myocardium (the muscle of the heart) in which a portion of the myocardium is hypertrophied (thickened) without any obvious cause.[1][2][3][4][5][6] It is perhaps most famous as a leading cause of sudden cardiac death in young athletes [7] The occurrence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a significant cause of sudden unexpected cardiac death in any age group and as a cause of disabling cardiac symptoms.
Radiosensitizers: Drugs that increase the sensitivity of tumor cells to x-rays.
Fluoroscopy: instrument used to observe internal structure of opaque objects
osteogenesis: formation of bone
Amniocentesis: A test to determine defects in a fetus using amniotic fluid withdrawn from the amniotic sac
DTP Vaccine: Given for Diptheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis
post-: after, behind
telangiectasia: a tiny, red blood vessel lesion formed by the dilation of a group of blood vessels radiating from a central arteriole most commonly seen on the face, neck or chest
Osteoporosis: atrophy of bone tissue
Post-traumatic stress disorder: Anxiety disorder that follows a traumatic incident; symptoms such as intense fear, helplessness, insomnia, nightmares and less responsiveness to the external world.
homograft/allograft: donor transfer between individuals of the same species such as human to human
Ureter: A tube that carries urine from kidney to bladder
Vascular System: Blood vessel system.
rigor or rigidity: stiffness; stiff muscle
Fibrosarcoma: Malignant tumor of fibrous or connective tissue.
Anemia: Deficiency of erythrocytes (red blood cells) or hemoglobin in the blood
Arthritis: Joint pain
open comedo: open to the skin surface with a black center caused by the presence of melanin exposed to air (blackhead)
Embolus: A mobilized blood clot
Mitosis: Cell division or replication of cells; creation of two identical daughter cells from a parent cell.
ligament: a flexible band of fibrous tissue that connects bone to bone
Magnetic Resonance Imagining (MRI): technique for viewing internal organs and bones; and for creating many of the images formerly revealed only by X-rays. MRI's use no radioactive rays.
dyplastic nevus: a mole with precancerous changes
aspiration: The process of drawing in or out by suction; foreign bodies may be aspirated into the nose, throat, or lungs on inspiration
origin of a muscle: muscle end attached to the bone that does not move when muscle contracts
flaccid: flabby, relaxed, or having defective or absent muscle tone
ichthy/o: fish
Bundle of His: neurological fibers, extending from the AV node to the right and left bundle branches, that fire the impulse from the AV node to the Purkinje fibers
Oncogene: Region of DNA in tumor cells (cellular oncogene) or in viruses (viral oncogene) that cause cancer.
wheal: an area of localized skin edema (swelling) (a hive)
Irradiation: Exposure to any form of radiant energy such as light, heat or x-rays.
vascular lesions: lesions of a blood vessel
Arthrodynia: pain in a joint
Fontanelle: A soft spot on baby's head caused by gap between skull bones
verruca: an epidermal tumor caused by a papilloma virus-- wart
dermatitis: an inflammation of the skin characterized by redness, pruritus (itching) and various lesions
Tumour: a lump or swelling which may be benign or malignant
dactyl/o: finger, toe
ostealgia/osteodynia: bone pain
S: sacral
endosteum: membrane lining the medullary cavity of a bone
dys-: bad; painful; difficult
Hypoalgesia: Diminished sensitivity to noxious stimulation.
petchia: spot; a reddish-brown, minute hemorrhage spot on the skin that indicates a bleeding tendency-- small purpura
os coxae: hip bone
frontal bone: one of the six main cranial bones
coronary circulation: circulation of blood through the coronary blood vessels to deliver oxygen and nutrients to the heart muscle tissue
Excisional biopsy: Removal of tumor and a margin of normal tissue.
Tolerance: Development of insensitivity to a drug; increasing doses of a drug are needed to produce a desired effect.
autograft: transfer to a new position in the body of the same person
capillaries: tiny vessels that join arterioles and venules
atrophy: shrinking of tissue such as muscle
lei/o: smooth
Voyerism: Abnormal desire to look at sexual organs or watch sexual acts.
Supportive psychotherapy: Treatment that involves offering encouragement, support, and hope to patients facing difficult life transitions and events.
hypertrophy: increase in the size of tissue such as muscle
Nucleotide: Unit of DNA (gene) composed of a sugar, phosphate, and a base. The sequence of nucleotides composing a gene is the genetic code.
iliopubic: pertaining to the ilium and pubes; iliopectineal
lupus: a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation of various parts of the body
electrocautery: use of an instrument heated by electric current to coagulate bleeding areas by burning the tissue
Mucinous: Pertaining to cystic tumors filled with mucus.
hysteroptosis: Prolapse of the uterus
antifungal: a drug that kills or prevents the growth of fungi
Neurosis: Repressed conflicts lead to mental symptoms such as anxiety and fears that disturb ability to function; less serious mental disorder than a psychosis.
atrium: upper right and left chambers of the heart
Ribonucleic acid: Cellular substance that, along with DNA, plays a role in protein synthesis.
herpes simplex virus type 1: transient viral vesicles that infect the facial area (creeping skin disease)
Delirium: Confusion in thinking; faulty perceptions and irrational behavior.
Hyperpnea: Rapid and exceptionally deep breathing.
bursitis: inflammation of a bursa
tendon: a band of fibrous tissue that connects muscle to bone
Glaucoma: Increased pressure in the eye
Tricyclic antidepressants: Group of drugs used to treat severe depression.
atrophy: wasting away of the body or part of it through lack of nourishment or use
lumen: inside space or lining of a tubular structure, such as an artery or intestine.
Pandemic: A widespread epidemic of disease
Chondrogenesis: formation of cartilage
scoli/o: twisted
onych/o: nail
Reality testing: Ability to perceive fact from fantasy.
osteopenia: abnormally low bone density
hist/o: tissue
Sexual disorders: Conditions involving sexual use of nonhuman objects and acts involving suffering, humiliation, and non-consenting partners. Disorders also include sexual dysfunctions such as inhibition of sexual desire or changes in sexual responses.
Systematic: affecting the whole body
fracture (Fx): a broken or cracked bone
Kaposi sarcoma: a malignant tumor of the walls of blood vessels appearing as painless, dark bluish-purple plaques on the skin
Ulcerating tumor: Growth that has open, exposed surfaces resulting from death of overlying tissue.
Congenital: A disorder that is present at birth
supra-: above; excessive; superior
cervical: adjective describing the vertebrae (C1-C7) in the neck region; also used in connection with the uterus, which is part of the female reproductive system
antinflammatory: reduces inflammation
Hypomania: Elevated excitement that is of lesser intensity than mania.
femor/o: femur
Crohn's Disease: an ulcerative condition of the small and large bowel
-bol: to throw
chondroid: resembling cartilage
Hyrdrosis: Excessive perspiration.
third-degree burn: a burn involving all layers of the skin, characterized by destruction of the epidermis and dermis with damage or destruction of the subcutaneous tissue
acne: an inflammation of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles of the skin evidenced by comedones, pustules, or nodules on the skin
Schizophrenia: Psychosis marked by withdrawal from reality into an inner world of disorganized thinking and conflict.
Melagia: Pain in the arms or legs. MIGRAINE - Severe headache often associated with spots before the eyes, nausea and vomiting. The attacks tend to come on suddenly and are recurrent.
Medullary tumor: Large, fleshy tumors.
Sacrum/sacral: bone formed from five vertebrae fused together near the base of the spinal column
seborrheic keratoses: benign wart-like lesions
carpectomy: excision of part of the wrist
irregular bones: bones of vertebrae and face
dactylodynia: pain in a finger
lumb/o: loin (lower back)
Inflammatory Response: Irritation of the involved extremity, which may include localized heat, swelling, redness, pain, and limited movement and occur when tissues are injured by viruses, bacteria, trauma, chemicals, heat, cold or any other harmful stimulus.
veins: vessels that carry blood to the heart from the venules
arthr/o: joint (articulation)
Ganglion Cyst: A cyst of the sheath of a tendon, frequently appearing about the wrist.
hyper-: excessive, above normal
sclerotherapy: use of sclerosing agents in treating diseases (ex. injection of a saline solution into a blood tumor in the skin, results in hardening of tissue and eventual sloughing away of the lesion)
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS): ometimes called Lou Gehrig's disease. It is a rapidly progressive and fatal neuromuscular disease that is characterized by degeneration of a select group of nerve cells and pathways (motor neurons) in the brain and spinal cord. This loss of motor neurons leads to progressive paralysis of the voluntary muscles. The heart is not a voluntary muscle, and therefore, remains unaffected by the disease.
malignant melanoma: a malignant tumor composed of melanocytes-most develop from a pigmented nevus over time
Pedunculated: Possessing a stem or stalk (peduncle).
debridement: removal of dead tissue from a wound or burn site to promote healing and prevent infection
arteriopathy: disease of the arteries
Chondropathy: disease of cartilage
dyspnea: difficult or labored respiration
sebaceous glands: oil glands in the skin
Protocol: Detailed plan for treatment of an illness.
ecchymosis: bruise; a black and blue mark- large purpura
bursitis: inflammation of a bursa
pediculosis capitis: head lice
dia-: through
axial: straight line through a physical body
Multiple Sclerosis: A chronic disease of the nervous system leading to partial paralysis, changes in speech, inability to walk, etc.
pre-, pro-: before, in front of
hidr/o: sweat
para-: near, beside; beyond
leiomyoma: smooth muscle tumor
orth/o: correct
dorsiflexion: bending of the foot or the toes upward
Costochondritis: inflammation of rib cartilage
Catheter: a hollow rubber, plastic or glass tube for passage into a structure for the purpose of injecting or removing fluid or blood
Anemia: insufficiency of red blood cells, either of quality or quantity
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: s a disease of the lungs in which the airways become narrowed. This leads to a limitation of the flow of air to and from the lungs causing shortness of breath. In contrast to asthma, the limitation of airflow is poorly reversible and usually gradually gets worse over time.
dermatosis: any disorder of the skin
epidermal tumors: skin tumors arising from the epidermis
cryosurgery: destruction of tissue by freezing--involves application of an extremely cold chemical
Serous: Pertaining to a clear fluid (serum) that remains after blood has clotted. Serous tumors are cystic tumors filled with a thin, water fluid, resembling serum.
cost/o: rib
closed fracture: a broken bone with no open wound
Encapsulated: Surrounded by a capsule; benign tumors are encapsulated.
Free association: Psychoanalytic technique in which a patient is encouraged to reveal thoughts one after another without censorship.
epidermal tumors: skin tumors arising from the epidermis
nephrolithiasis: the presence of kidney stones (calculi) in the kidney
oliguria: below normal amounts of urination; seen in kidney disease or early kidney failure
Cachexia: General ill health (muscle wasting and weight loss) associated with severe, chronic disease, such as cancer.
rhabdomyoma: skeletal muscle tumor
lip/o: fat
Exacerbation: Flare-up or relapse of a condition or disease.
decalcification: the process of calcium being removed from the bones
Chondroplasty: surgical repair of cartilage
sarc/o: flesh
embryology: study in the development of the embryo
Hyperplasia: Increased growth in numbers of normal cells.
Quiescent: not active
arthrogram: radiograph of a joint
hypopigmentation: areas of skin lacking color due to deficient amounts of melanin
Goiter: An enlarged thyroid caused by a deficiency of iodine
Palliative: Relieving, but not curing symptoms.
Benign tumor: Noncancerous growth.
Fibrosis: Abnormal condition (proliferation) of fibrous connective tissue; occurring in the lung as a side effect of radiation for lung cancer.
femur: thighbone
Carcinoma in situ: Localized cancer, confined to its site of origin.
Biologic response modifiers: Substances produced by normal cells that block tumor growth or stimulate the immune system to fight cancer.
wheal: an area of localied skin edema (swelling) (e.g. a hive)
patch: a flat, discolored area on the skin larger than 1 cm (vitiligo)
cranial bones: collectively, and along with other minor bones, the frontal bone, two parietal bones, two temporal bones, and the occipital bone
Fiberoptic colonoscopy: Visual examination of the colon using a fiberoptic instrument (endoscope).
coronal (frontal) plane: vertical division of the body into front (anterior) and back (posterior) portions
xeroderma: dry skin
flat bones: bones of ribs, shoulder blades, pelvis and skull
Immune System: The body mechanism that protects against harmful invaders, including the production of antibodies
xer/o: dry
Acroedema: swelling of the arms and feet
compact bone: tightly solid, strong bone tissue resistant to bending
Pharmacokinetics: Study of the distribution and removal of drugs in the body over a period of time.
rash: a general term for skin eruption, most often associated with communicable disease
Obsession: An involuntary, persistent idea or emotion.
second-degree burn: a burn involving the epidermis and the dermis, characterized by erythema, hyperesthesia, and vesications (blisters)
Pyogenic: Pus producing
oste/o: bone
myositis: inflammation of muscle
oste/o: bone
Compulsion: Uncontrollable urge to perform an act repeatedly.
brachialgia: pain in the arm
arthralgia: pain in a joint
Malignant: Cancerous
Arthroscopy: a procedure wherein an orthopedist looks into a joint with a specially designed lighted hollow instrument
gen: producing
Coronal Plane: divides into front and back (anterior and posterior)
pan-: all
Alzheimer's Disease: is the most common form of dementia. Its an incurable, degenerative, and terminal disease.
homeostasis: the process by which organsims keep their internal conditions reltively stable
systemic lupus erythematosus: a more severe form of lupus involving the skin, joints, and often the vital organs
a-, an-: without, not
Hyperpiesis: High blood pressure; hypertension.
Morbidity: Damage to normal tissue or the state of being diseased.
pleura: the thin serous membrane around the lungs and inner walls of the chest
amniotic: of or related to the amnion or characterized by developing an amnion
stomatitis: inflammation of the mucous membrane lining of the mouth
triquetrum: one of the eight carpals
ostectomy: surgical removal of bone
collagen: protein substance found in the skin and connective tissue
Xerostomia: Dryness of the mouth.
Mammography: X-ray examination of the breast.
Chondromalacia: softening of cartilage
Fibromyalgia: Sometimes called fibrositis, this is a common condition that is associated with widespread aching, stiffness and fatigue, and originates in muscles and soft tissues.
endocrine: made up of glands that produce and release chemicals into the bloodstream in order to maintain homeostasis
kyphosis: abnormal posterior curvature of the thoracic spine
pelv/i: hip bone or pelvic cavity
Purkinje fibers (network): fibers in the ventricles that transmit impulses to the right and left ventricles, causing them to contract
muscle: tissue composed of fibers that can contract, causing movement of an organ or part of the body
Lightening Pain: Severe, sharp pains caused by nerve irritation.
pulmonary semilunar valve: Valve that lies between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery and has 3 cusps. Blood flows from the right ventricle throught the pulmonary valve to become oxygenated
scratch test: the substance is applied to the skin through a scratch
Pyromania: Strong impulse (obsessive urge) to set objects on fire.
malignant cutaneous neoplasm: skin cancer
incision and drainage (I&D): incision and drainage of an infected skin lesion
Transference: Process by which a patient relates to a therapist as though the therapist were a prominent childhood figure.
Arrhythmia: lack of rhythm, applied especially to irregularities of heart beat
Subluxation: A slight dislocation of a bone or joint.
antiseptic: an agent that inhibits the growth of infectious microorganisms
Ego: Central, coordinating branch of the personality.
dactylalgia: pain in a finger
hypo-: under, below, deficient
Anxiety disorders: Characterized by unpleasant tensions, distress, and avoidance behavior; examples are phobias, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and post-traumatic distress disorder.
Rebound Reaction: A flare-up of symptoms when medication is abruptly terminated.
erosion: to gnaw away; loss of superficial epidermis leaving an area of moisture but no bleeding
Psychiatry: Treatment of the mind and mental disorders.
myocele: protrusion of muscle tissue through surrounding tissue
scoliosis: abnormal lateral curvature of the spine
Small Intestine: The part of the digestive system connecting the stomach to the colon. Three parts: duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. Despite its name, this is longer than the large intestine.
medullary-cavity: cavity within the shaft of the long bones filled with bone marrow
Algesic: painful
Anxiety Disorder: anxiety is a normal reaction to stress. It helps one deal with a tense situation in the office, study harder for an exam, keep focused on an important speech. In general, it helps one cope. But when anxiety becomes as excessive, irrational dread of everyday situations, it has become a disabling disorder.
tumor: a solid mass larger than 1-2 cm
epiphysis: wide ends of a long bone
electrosurgical procedures: use of electric currents to destroy tissue-the type and strength of the current and method of application varies
arthralgia: joint pain
suppuration: production of purulent matter (pus)
carpal tunnel syndrome: condition which results from compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel at the wrist
homo-, homeo-: same
electrodesiccation: use of short, high-frequency, electric currents to destroy tissue by drying--the active electrode makes direct contact with the skin lesion
humerus: the long bone extending from the shoulder to the elbow
Chemotherapy: Treatment with drugs.
Subcutaneous: Underneath the skin.
normal sinus rhythm (NSR): regular rhythm of the heart cycle stimulated by the SA node (average rate of 60 to 100 beats/minute)
endocardium: membrane lining the cavities of the heart
plaque: a solid mass greater than 1 cm in diameter, limited to the surface of the skin
Stimulus: Something which stimulates (arouses action) in the muscles, nerves or other excitable tissue and results in a specific reaction.
pediculo: louse
Blepharoplegia: Paralysis of the eyelid is
bacteriostatic: inhibits growth and reproduction of bactera
rotation: circular movement around an axis
Reflux: Flowing in a backward direction, as the flowing of the intestinal contents back to the stomach.
Imaging: consists of tests that provide a picture of the inside of the body, either in its entirety or only of certain parts. Ordinary x-rays are the most common imaging tests, but others include ultrasound, radioisotope (nuclear) scans, computed tomography (CT) scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, and positron emission tomography (PET) scans.
Excision: removal by cutting
Biologic therapy: Use of the body's own defenses to fight tumor cells.
pruritus: severe itching
pediculosis pubis: lice that generally infect the pubic region
bi-: two
laparoscopy: examination or treatment of the interior of the abdomen by means of a laparoscope
culture and sensitivity (C&S): a technique of isolating and growing colonies of microbes to identify a pathogen and determine which drugs might be effective in combating the infection it has caused
patch: a flat, discolored area in the skin larger than 1 cm (vitiligo)
carp/o: wrist
Electron beams: Low-energy beams of radiation for treatment of skin or surface tumors.
patell/o: knee cap
tri-: three
spasm: drawing in; involuntary contraction of muscle
bone marrow: soft connective tissue within the medullary cavities of bones
Islets of Langerhans: Area of the pancreas that contains beta cells (the insulin producing cells of the pancreas)
metaphysis: growth zone between epiphysis and diaphysis during development of a long bone
myc/o: fungus
lordosis: abnormal anterior curvature of the lumbar spine
Histrionic personality: Highly emotional, immature, and dependent personality type with irrational outbursts, tantrums and flamboyant, theatrical behavior.
mitral or bicupsid valve: heart valve between the left atrium and left ventricle (cuspis= point)
retro-: backward, behind
Myositis: Inflammation of muscle.
keloid: an abnormal overgrowth of scar tissue that is thick and irregular
Mesenchymal: Pertaining to embryonic connective tissue from which all connective tissues arise. Sarcomas are tumors of connective tissues that arise originally from mesenchymal cells.
fasci/o: fascia (a band)
Ultrasound: A type of imaging technique which uses high-frequency sound waves.
Depression: a mental state of depressed mood characterized by feelings of sadness, despair, discouragement, inability to concentrate, insomnia and feeling of rejection and guilt.
Conversion disorder: A physical symptom appears with no organic basis and as a result of anxiety and inner conflict.
Molecularly targeted drugs: Anticancer drugs designed to block the function of growth factors, their receptors, and signaling pathways in specific tumor cells.
diarthrosis: synonym for synovial joint
Malaise: A feeling of being ill or unwell.
Dysbasia: difficulty walking
Needle (core) biopsy: Insertion of a needle into tissue to remove a core of cells to examine under a microscope; needle aspiration.
T: thoracic
circum-, peri-: around
systole: to contract; period in the cardiac cycle when the heart is in contraction and blood is ejected through the aorta and pulmonary artery
brachi/o: arm
Arthralgia: pain in a joint
suture: in the skeletal system, a fibrous membrane joining bones, especially the cranial bones
Staging of tumors: System of evaluating the extent of spread of tumors.
Verrucous tumor: Tumor, whose growth pattern, resembles a wart.
Delusion: Fixed, false belief that cannot be changed by logical reasoning or evidence.
epiphysitis: inflammation of epiphyseal regions of the long bone
clavicle: the collarbone
quadri-: four
Asperger syndrome: A pervasive developmental disorder characterized by delays in socialization and communication skills; often considered a less severe type of autism.
adipose: Tissue in which fat is stored
Mandible/mandibular: the jawbone
epithelium: cells covering external and internal surfaces of the body
Ischemia: Reduced blood supply to a part of the body
arthroplasty: surgical repair of a joint
Phenothiazines: Drugs used to treat serious mental illnesses or psychoses. They modify psychotic symptoms (delusions and hallucinations) and behavior.
Depression: Major mood disorder marked by chronic and excessive sadness, loss of energy, hopelessness, worry, and discouragement.
Dactylodynia: pain in a finger (or toe)
radiation therapy: treatment of neoplastic disease by using ionizing radiation to deter proliferation of malignant cells
Bone marrow biopsy: Small amount of bone marrow tissue is removed (aspirated) and examined under a microscope for evidence of malignancy.
osteodynia: pain in a bone
CT: computed tomography
Gout: A type of arthritis or inflammation about a joint caused by excess uric acid in the blood. Attacks occur suddenly and are accompanied by great pain. The big toe is a frequent site.
sesamoid bones: round bones found near joints (ex. patella)
melanin: dark brown to black pigment contained in melanocytes
Electroconvulsive therapy: Electric current produces a convulsive seizure to treat mood disorders (depression or the depressive phase of bipolar disorder); used in patients who are resistant to drug therapy or when rapid response is needed.
plas/o: formation
verruca: an epidermal tumor caused by papilloma virus-also called a wart
onychia: inflammation of the fingernail or toenail
Induration: Thickening, such as might be felt around the edges of an inflamed wound.
valves of the veins: valves located at intervals within the lining of veins, especially in the legs, which constrict with muscle action to move the blood returning to the heart
Abasia: lack of motor or muscular coordination in walking
nevus: a congenital malformation on the skin that can be epidermal or vascular-also called a mole
Mutation: Change in genetic material (DNA) of a cell.
impetigo: highly contagious, bacterial skin inflammation marked by pustules that rupture and become crusted around mouth and nose
Osteogenesis: formation of bone
Cholecystectomy: The surgical removal of gall bladder
Solid tumor: Tumor composed of a mass of cells.
Angiogenesis: Process of forming new blood vessels.
Contracture: the shortening of a muscle, tendon or other structure so that it can not be straightened or readily flexed and extended. Scar tissue often results in this
Apathy: Absence of emotions; lack of interest or emotional involvement.
bunion: swelling of the joint at the base of the great toe caused by inflammation of the bursa
Transvestic fetishism: Cross-dressing by a male in women's attire.
sy-: together
cervic/o: neck
Jaundice: The yellowing of skin due to excess billirubin
exostosis: a projection arising from a bone that develops from cartilage
lord/o: bent
cuboid: a bone of the ankle
Radiotherapy: Treatment of tumors using radiation; radiation oncology.
skin tests: methods for determining the reaction of the body to a given substance by applying it to or injecting it into the skin
anti-, contra-: against
Algology: the study of pain phenomena
nucleus pulposus: the soft, fibrocartilaginous, central portion of intervertebral disk
Cat scan: the simultaneous taking of many x-rays from many angles thus giving a highly defined set of pictures of an organ or organs
Protein marker tests: Measurements of the level of specific proteins in the blood or on the surface of tumor cells; PSA, CA-125, alpha-fetoprotein are examples.
Ectopic Pregnancy: A pregnancy outside of the womb, usually in a fallopian tube
embolous: something that is thrown into circulation ie a clot
squam/o: scale
osteomyelitis: inflammation of bone marrow
synovial fluid: lubricating fluid secreted by the synovial membrane
abscess: a localized collection of pus in a cavity formed by the inflammation of surrounding tissues that heals when drained or excised
osteoarthritis (OA): most common form of arthritis that especially affects weight-bearing joints (ex. knee, hip) also called degenerative arthritis, degenerative joint disease
Hyperglycemia: Excessive sugar in the blood.
Bradycardia: Slowness of heart beat
epicardium: membrane forming the outer layer of the heart
sputum: Mucus or phlegm that is coughed up from the lining of the respiratory tract.
Dementia: Loss of higher mental functioning, including memory, judgment, and reasoning.
ostealgia: pain in a bone
arthrocentesis: removing fluid from a joint
ventricular fibrillation: no "r" spike to send the blood into the rest of the body, results in a flat line
seborrheic dermatitis: redness of the skin covered by a yellow, oily, itchy scale most commonly at the hairline, forehead, and around the nose ears or eyelashes
arthrocele: swelling of a joint
Psychosomatic: Pertaining to the inter-relationship of the mind (psych/o) and body (somat/o).
atrioventricular node (AV node): neurological tissue in the center of the heart that receives and amplifies the conduction of impulses from the SA node to the Bundle of His
oophorectomy: excision of one or both ovaries
Euphoria: Exaggerated feeling of well-being; elevated mood, "high."
trapezoid bone: one of the eight carpals
extension: straightening at the joint so that the angle between the bones is increased
myeloma: bone marrow tumor
Hyperpyrexia: high fever
Labile: Unstable; undergoing rapid emotional change.
Cellular oncogenes: Pieces of DNA that, when broken or dislocated, can cause a normal cell to become malignant.
Neuritis: An inflammatory or degenerative condition of a nerve.
Infarction: tissues killed and damaged by ischaemic changes
Psychosis: Loss of contact with reality; often with delusions and hallucinations.
ischium: one of the three bones fused together to form the hip bone
Benign: non cancerous, non-life threatening condition
Erythema: A patch of redness of the skin.
curettage: to clean; scraping of a wound using a spoon-like cutting instrument called a curette; technique used in debridement
primary lesions: lesions arising from previously normal skin
Myelosuppression: Bone marrow depression or formation of blood cells (leukopenia, anemia and thrombocytopenia).
C: cervical
Radiculitis: Inflammation of the root of a nerve, particularly of a nerve going to the spinal cord. It is accompanied by excruciating pain along the course of the nerve.
arthrotomy: surgical incision into a joint
Febrile: Feverish; relating to an elevation in body temperature above 98.6° F.
lanugo: soft hair that develops on an embryo
cirrhosis: chronic disease of the liver associated with failure of the liver to function properly
Colon: Another name for the large intestine
brachi/o: arm
pustule: a pus-filled sac (a pimple)
Arthrochondritis: inflammation of cartilage in a joint
Psychotherapy: Treatment of the mind.
excoriation: a scratch mark
Psychodrama: A group therapy in which a patient expresses feelings by acting out roles with other patients.
zygomatic bones: a facial bone (cheek, one of two)
Viral oncogenes: Pieces of DNA from viruses that infect a normal cell and cause it to become malignant.
excisional Bx: removal of an entire lesion
RA: rheumatoid arthritis
unipara: A woman who has had one child
Anklosis: Stiffening or fixation of a joint
Indwelling Catheter: One that is left in place for prolonged periods of time.
Fulguration: Destruction of tissue by electric sparks generated by a high-frequency current.
Adhesion: a fibrous band of scar tissue that binds together normally separate anatomical structures
Kleptomania: Strong impulse to steal, often with little actual desire for the stolen item.
calcaneus: the heel bone
diaphoretic: profuse sweating
superior (cephalic): situated above another structure, toward the head
supination: turning upward or forward of the palmar surface (palm of the hand)
systemic circulation: circulation of blood throughout the body through arteries, arterioles, capillaries, and veins to deliver oxygen and nutrients to body tissues
seborrheic dermatitis: a chronic skin disease associated with seborrhea and greasy scales on the scalp or eyelids or other parts of the skin
Arthrocele: swelling of a joint
Claudication: to limp; pain in a limb or in the calves
squamous cell carcinoma (SCC): a malignant tumor of squamous epithlium
myalgia/myodynia: muscle pain
Arthritis: inflammation of a joint
L: lumbar
hyperpigmentation: darkened areas of skin caused by excessive amounts of melanin
Osteodynia: pain in a bone
atopic dermatitis: a chronic skin inflammation characterized by the appearance of inflamed, swollen papules and vesicles that crust and scale
Syndrome: A group of symptoms and signs which, when appearing simultaneously, form a definite pattern of a specific condition, disease or abnormality.
Trachea: The air tube connecting the pharynx to the bronchi
Acrotic pulse: a very weak pulse
Palpation: a method of examination in which the examiner feels the size or shape or firmness or location of something (of body parts when the examiner is a health professional)
Betadine and saline: agents used to clean the wound
Lancinating Pain: A shooting, knife-like, sudden, severe pain.
antihypertensive: a drug that reduces high blood pressure
cusp: "spear point"
contact dermatitis: an inflammation of the skin resulting from contact with a substance to which on is allergic
osteologist: specialist in osteology
Physical Therapy: Treatments with manipulation, exercises, message, heat, cold, stimulators, etc. used to assist recovery and movement of limb after injury or surgery.
Vertigo: Dizziness, especially the feeling that one's surroundings are whirling.
Metaplasia: Conversion of normal cells into a less differentiated type in response to chronic stress or injury.
Post Traumatic Syndrome: Multiple symptoms including headache, dizziness, weakness, blurred vision, muscle aches and pains, occurring and persisting after an injury has apparently healed.
Dysesthesia: an unpleasant abnormal sensation, whether spontaneous or evoked
scaphoid bone: one of the eight carpals
Antibiotic: a drug that kills or inhibits growth of microorganisms
arthritis: inflammation of a joint
multi-, poly-: many, much
Opioid: Drug derived from opium. Examples are cocaine, morphine, and heroin.
Microscopic descriptionof tumors: Appearance of tumors as viewed under the microscope. Examples are alveolar, carcinoma in situ, dysplastic, epidermoid, follicular tumors.
Hyperalgesia: Extreme sensitivity to pain and lowered threshold to painful stimuli. Hyperalgesia of the skin may be manifested by great pain even on light pinching or touch. Many cases of hyperalgesia have features of allodynia.
short bones: bones of wrists and ankles
Substance-related disorders: Regular overuse of psychoactive substances (alcohol, amphetamines, cannabis, cocaine, opioids, sedatives), which can affect the central nervous system.
acute: rapid onset, severe course, and relatively short duration
Denervate: to cut a nerve going to or from an organ or structure. Can relieve pain
ankyl/o: crooked or stiff
varicella: a tiny spot; chickenpox
Brachialgia: pain in the arm
keloid: an abnormal overgrowth of a scar tissue that is thick and irregular
chondromalacia: softening of cartilage
Chrondomalacia: is a common cause of kneecap pain or anterior knee pain. Often called "Runner's Knee," this condition often affects young, otherwise healthy athletes.
Adenocarcinoma: Cancerous tumor of glandular tissue.
Vasoconstriction: The narrowing and contraction of blood vessels.
Congenital: condition from birth
Paranoid personality: Characterized by recurrent delusions of persecution and jealousy with suspicion and mistrust of other people; quick to take offense.
Id: Major unconscious part of the personality; instinctual drives and desires.
Mutagenic: Pertaining to producing a mutation.
Amphetamines: Central nervous system stimulants.
Neuroblastoma: Malignant childhood tumor originating in cells of the nervous system.
repolarization: recharging of the myocardial cell from a contracted state back to a resting state (re= again; polarization= resting)
chondropathy: disease of cartilage
Bone marrow transplant: Bone marrow tissue is infused intravenously into a patient.

Start Studying!

Deck Info

Number of cards 1205