Drama 3
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- Score
- breaking a scene down into its beats and noting obective and obstacle for each
- Issues in Realism
- - Questions of moving from the margins to the center - Rewriting lost history -Canon formation - what is an African Amrican dramatic literature
- A Raisin in the Sun written by
- Lorraine Hansberry (born in chicago, father was a real estate broker)
- 3 Elements of Theatre
- Actors, Play (some narrative), Audience
- Giacomo Torelli
- - Chariot and pole system to change wing, drop and border at once - ropes connected to turn table
- Crane and Plot device
- Deus Ex Machina
- Perpeteia
- change brought about by recognition (moment where someone's fortune changes - downfall)
- Hemartia
- The one weakness that is the undoing of the protagonist - mistake born out of expressing too much out of a specific characteristic
- Aristotle's 6 elements of Tragedy
- - Plot (events that evoke terror and pity) - Character - Diction - Thought - Spectacle - Song
- Charles Gordone
- First African American to win Pulitzer in 1970
- Charles Fuller
- Won the pulitzer in 1982 - was in the army
- August Wilson
- - Pittsburgh Cycle - Wrote the "Piano Lesson" - 1997 public debate over "color blind" casting
- OyamO
- Writer on many themes, including stories adapted for children's theatre - "The resurrection of Lady Lester" (teaches at uofm?)
- Non-realism and black feminist writers
- Glenda Dickerson (created pices based on personal stories, folklore, and news items "Kitchen Prayers") Ntozake Shange ("For colored girls who have considered suicide", choreopoem) Anna Deavere Smith (famous for documentary theatre, "Fires in the mirror"..also did roles from All my Children) Suzan-Lori Parks (Tone and rhythm convey a lot, "Top Dog/Underdog")
- Roselee Goldberg
- Artists anxious to escape the constricions of traditional, established forms "Live art by live artists" "Performance Art from Futurism to the Present"
- John Cage
- "The Future of Music" - using incidental sound as musical instruments - 4'33" - a concert where the musicians sat there for 4 minutes and 33 seconds - the performance was the incidental noise of the audience
- Merce Cunningham
- dancer who felt that pedestrian movements (walking, standing, leaping) could all be used as part of dance
- Alan Kaprow
- 18 "Happenings" - 3 rooms, 6 simultaneous events in each - audience sent "props" and told where to sit and when
- Relativist
- no singular truth
- Diversity
- no universal truth
- Pastiche
- art should be funny
- Exhaustion
- everything has been done before
- MTV Generation
- everything is about 'image,' there is no depth
- Information age
- the "media" generation
- Laurie Anderson
- performance which uses technology, music, stand-up comedy, animation - work is about the role of technology and the media in our lives - "Home of the Brave"
- Annoyance Theatre - Chicago
- "The Brady Bunch" - putting television pop culture on stage
- Karen Finley
- An attempt to get the audience to examine the ways in which they look at and objectify women and how that is a part of sexual abuse, rape, and sexism - "Constant State of Desire" "We Keep Our Victims Ready"
- Holly Hughes
- autobiographical stand-up comedy and storytelling, in which she pushes the limits in talking about lesbian sexuality - "World Without End" "Preaching to the Perverted"
- NEA
- - Funds art on all levels - National Endowment for the Arts: costs americans 36 cents per year
- NEA 4
- in 1990, funding was yanked from Holly Hughes, Karen Finley, Tim Millder, and John Fleck for "indecency"
- Augusto Boal
- Developed his Forum Theatre techniques and theories of Theatre of the Oppressed - 1971: "Theatre of the Oppressed" - Arrested, tortured, and exciled from Brazil in 1971
- 4 Forum Theatre Basics
- 1. Knowing the body - excerises to help get in touch with bodies 2. Making the body expressive - using the body to express ideas, like acting out animals or simple actions 3. Theatre as language - simulatneous dramaturgy, image theatre, forum theatre 4. Spectators (or spect-actors) intervene directly in the action on stage or try to change the outcome
- Sue-Ellen Case
- Feminism and Theatre (1988)
- Jill Dolan
- The Feminist Spectator as Critic (1991)
- Liberal Feminism
- the idea that women are as capable as men and should be alowed to succeed in all the areas in which men succeed - ERA..??
- Canon Formation
- Discovering lost women's history
- Beth Henley
- a liberal feminists who wrote the movie "Crimes of the Heart"...EJ loves this movie
- "Night Mother" 1983
- written by Marsha Norman - "kitchen-sink" realism - Compared to Arthur MIller and Death of a Salesman - Debate over whether it could enter the canon or not: Universal experience?
- The Heidi chronicles (1989)
- - Written by Wendy Wasserstein - What does this play say about the feminist movement???? -
- Radical Feminism
- in the 60s and 70s, r.f. wanted to do away with gender categories altogether - androgyny was the ideal
- Cultural Feminism
- - idea that men and women are culturally different - women are superior (reproduction, intuition, spiritual connection) - women close to nature, men removed and violent - male art forms are also inferior (like classical music) - Consciousness-rasing groups, ritual, separatism
- "Helene Cixous"
- - the stage is a body, one gesture is enough - attempts to subvert male language through movement - supposes that there is a uniquely "female" form of communicating
- At the Foot of the Mountain
- - non-linear plays - written collectively - avoid narrative authority - (perceived as white, middle-class, male, and heterosexual)
- Ashes, Ashes
- ritual that connects the impending nuclear holocaust with the male tendency towards destruction of living things - invites the audience into a grief ritual where they envision saying goodbye to a loved one as the bomb drops
- "The story of a Mother II"
- - performance ritual where performers recite their matrilineage and celebrate the strengths of their female ancestors **CONTRADICTIONS: privileges mother/daughter relationship as a common experience among all women, while simulatenously critiquing the family model...and... collapses differences between women while simultaneously trying to subvert white, straight male oppression**
- Materialist Feminism
- - the idea that gender and sexuality are culturally constructed categories which have material (money/power) consequences - performance strategies based on Brecht's idea of showing how representation naturalizes certain subject positions
- "Mud"
- Mae is trapped by poverty with 2 men who use her - Henry is teaching her to read, but is crippled by an accident - when Mae decides to leave, the other guy kills her *shows how poverty and illiteracy work along with male domination to subjugate women**
- "The Conduct of Life"
- - A man abuses his wife and kidnapped girl to be his servant/mistress - he is also in charge of torturing prisoners - wife shoots him to free herself, but puts the gun in the girl's hand **Shows a myriad of power relationships along both gender and class lines**
- "Lust and Comfort"
- - 2 people try to redefine their 20-year relationship acting out codependence, and the search for independence - gender & sexuality shift continuously
- Sanskrit Theatre of India
- - mostly extinct except for Kathakali Theatre - Stores from the Ramayana
- Movement (angika)
- an elaborate scheme of facial expression, mime, and gestures, accompanied by movements, poses, and attitudes - most important are the hand gestures (hastas) through which the performer interprets the text
- Singing (vachika)
- performed by vocalists, and not the dancers themselves
- Convey mood (satvika)
- or psychological condition of the character - a performer gains complete control of all facial muscles to convey a specific bhava (love, laughter, sorrow, anger, energy/heroism, fear, astonishment, tranquility)
- Characters in Kathakali are 5 major types (make-up and costuming)
- 1. Green (pacca): heroic, divine 2. Knife (kathi): heroic but lustful and arrogant 3. Beard (Tadi): Red -evil, white-pious, black-hunter 4. Black (kari): a demoness 5. Shining (munukku): ALL women, brahmins, sage, messengers, charioteer [special make up (teppu): birds, coward]
- Latin America
- - native ritual drama - spanish, portuguese, french, and english colonizers tried to wipe out native performance - in the spanish colonies, church autos replaced native drama to attempt to convert native people - also, populart entertainment and theatre from europe
- Rabinal Achi
- the only surviving native drama - a Guatemalan ritualistic battle between 2 great powers - believed to include song, dance, and elaborate costumes
- El gueguense
- A hybrid drama from Nicaragua which uses a blend of spanish and nahautl to comic effect - an old man is called by governor to pay taxes. The old man tricks gov into agreeing ot pay him and to allow his daughter to marry the old man's son
- Soluna
- A guatemalan domestic drama + mayan mythology - If Nina is happy she can return to city - a mask, the Chama Soluna, causes time to run backwards and the train to crash causing Nina's grateful return
- Bricolage
- a conglomeration of forms and styles
- Quoting
- recyling part of another text in your new text
- Poco Pomo
- postcolonial postmodern
- Appropriation
- the use of someone else's style or culture without permission
- Hybridity
- synchreticism, two or more cultures blending with distinctive characteristics of each