20th Century Challenges
Terms
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- John Diefenbaker
- Canada's 13th prime minister was an eloquent spokesman for "nonestablishment" Canada both as a lawyer and as a politician.
- Canadian Charter Of Rights and Freedoms
- Came into force on 17 April 1982. The only Charter of Rights entrenched in the Canadian Constitution
- Brian Mulroney
- Lawyer, politician, prime minister of Canada 1984 to 1993.
- Old Age Pensions
- Begun in 1927. It paid up to $20 per month, depending on other income and assets.
- R.B. Bennett
- prime minister of Canada, 7 August 1930 to 23 October 1935.
- Biculturalism
- Term that came into public consciousness with the appointment of the Royal Commission in 1963.
- Tariff
- bill; cost; charge.
- Employment Insurance
- refers to government benefit payments during a period of unemployment.
- Progressive Party
- formed in 1920 by Ontario and prairie farmers. It broke the 2-party pattern of federal politics in the 1921 election.
- CBC
- Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Begun on 2 November 1936.
- Meech Lake Accord
- Constitutional Accord of 1987 which ultimately failed.
- Pipeline Debate
- One of the most famous confrontations in Canadian parliamentary history in 1956.
- Union Nationale
- formed to contest the 1935 provincial election in Québec. Its leader was Maurice Duplessis.
- Battle of Ortona
- Occured from 20-27 December 1943 as part of the general advance of Gen Montgomery's Eighth Army up the Italian Adriatic coast.
- Dieppe Raid
- Raid across the English Channel (19 Aug 1942) on the small French port of Dieppe.
- Lester Pearson
- Canada's foremost diplomat in the 1950'sy. A skilled politician, he rebuilt the Liberal Party and as prime minister strove to maintain Canada's national unity.
- Canada Pension Plan
- legislated in 1965 was an earnings-related public pension plan that transfers income from workers to the retired.
- 1970 October Crisis
- kidnapping on 5 October 1970 of James Cross and Piere Laporte by members of the Front de Liberatiion du Quebec. (FLQ)
- Jean Lesage
- premier of Québec 1958 to 1956. Known as the father of the Quiet Revolution.
- Great Depression
- a severe, world wide economic crisis which lasted from the end of 1929 to the outbreak of World War II.
- Social Credit
- Political Party which advocated the distribution of money, or
- 1980 Québec Referendum
- Called by the Parti Quebecois (PQ) government, was held on 20 May 1980 to ask the people of Québec for a mandate to negotiate, on an equal footing, a new agreement with the rest of Canada.
- J. S. Woodsworth
- Methodist minister, social worker, politician; First leader of the Cooperative Commonwealth federation (CCF)
- Normandy Invasion
- On 6 June 1944, Canadian Troops were part of the Allied forces which attacked the Normandy coast of France in OperationOverlord
- Charlottetown Accord
- a failed agreement on constitutional change made between the provinces and the federal government in 1992.
- René Levesque
- Journalist, premier of Québec 1976-85
- Pierre Trudeau
- Prime minister of Canada 1968-79 and 1980-84.
- Quiet Revolution
- A period of rapid change experienced in Québec from 1960 to 1966.
- Parti Quebecois
- Québec nationalist party, formed in 1968, with a mandate to separate from Canada.
- Robert Stanfield
- Conservative Party leader from 1967 to 1976.
- Canada-US Automotive Products Agreement
- A free-trade agreement signed by Canada and the US in 1965 to create a single North American market for passenger cars, trucks, buses, tires and automotive parts.
- New Democratic Party (NDP)
- founded in Ottawa in 1961 at a convention uniting the CCF and several labour unions.
- W. L. Mackenzie King
- politician, prime minister of Canada 1921-26, 1926-30 and 1935-48
- Juno Beach
- Canadian landing beach during the Normandy invasion. Canadians penetrated about 9 km inland by the end of D-Day.