Social Studies Rev. War Everything
Terms
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- loyalists viewpoint
- didn't want the war to go on, took the british side
- who helped the patriots
- french, some indians, and spanish
- militia
- a force of armed civilians pledged to defend their community during the war
- Quartering Act
- a law passed by parliament in 1765 that required the colonies to house and supply the soldiers
- mercenary
- a professional soldier hired to fight for a foreign country
- writs of assistance
- a search warrant that allowed british officers to enter colonial homes or businesses to search for smuggled goods
- James Forten
- son of a free african american sail maker, became a privateer, sailed as a privateer to earn money
- turning point of the war
- under greene's command, they avoided full scale battles, made the british suffer
- Benedict Arnold
- very good commander of the us cont. army, used good tactics against the british, turned traitor
- Second Contenintal congress
- a governing body whose delegates agreed, in may 1775 to form the Contenintal army an approve the declaration of independence, created the olive branch petition
- Contenintal Army
- a colonial force authorized by the second continental congress in 1775 with george washington as its general
- Phyllis Wheatley
- first African american poet, sold into slavery, raised and educated in her family, household servant
- Battle of Trenton
- Washington ambushed a group of hessians on christmas night
- Nancy Hart
- patriot, killed three loyalists who came into her house to steal from her
- role of the sons of liberty
- they were the main opposers to the british and staged many protests: boycotts, and tarring and feathering
- Boston massacre
- british soldiers fired into a group of rebels and started many more tensions
- Daughters of liberty
- caused british trade to fall using nonviolent ways of protest
- Richard Allen
- preacher, helped star free african society, founded first african american episcopalian church
- Principles of the Declaration of independence
- Preamble-was about rights and freedom of people, Ideas about rights-people had right to overthrow the government, Ideas about government-the gov't was run by the people, Complaints against the King-they are a list of complaints that king george III did
- James Otis
- a massachusetts lawyer, he planted a seed of freedom in the colonies, he thought britain had a lack of respect for colonial rights, he had many famous speeches about britain
- sons of Liberty
- secret society formed to oppose the british policies, lawmakers, merchants, craftspeople, spread rumor of the boston massacre, boycotts and protests
- what helped the americans win
- knowledge of the land, foreign aid, motivation, superior leadership
- ally
- a country that aids another country
- Baron von Steuben
- trained the inexperienced army with ten command words, had good military and naval skills
- John Paul Jones
- won many major naval victories for the states, used the bonhomme richard, fought against the British off the coast of europe, "I have not yet begun to fight"
- republicanism
- the belief that government should be based on the consent of the people
- Patrick Henry
- he expected that a war would start, delivered speech in the house of burgesses "if this be treason, make the most of it"
- difficulties faced by washington
- he was commanding an inexperienced army and lacked many supplies he had to suck it up and fight it out especially at valley forge
- pacifist
- a person opposed to war
- Purpose of british strategy to seize the hudson river valley
- cut off New England from other states
- loyalist
- an American colonist who supported the British in the American Revolution
- William Dawes
- helped Paul Revere spread the news about the British's Arrival, notified Hancock and Adams
- committee members of the declaration of independence
- Benjamin franklin, John adams, Roger Sherman, Robert Livingston, and Thomas Jefferson
- Lord Cornwallis
- was the commander in the battle of yorktown, he surrendered to the colonist, british general
- minuteman
- a member of the colonial militia who was trained to respond at a minute's notice
- reasons for the stamp act
- Britain needed something to control the colonies and make money from
- treaty of paris
- ended the revolutionary war, us became independent, boundaries were set
- Elizabeth Freeman
- sued for her freedom in a Massachusetts court and won
- marquis de lafayette
- french nobleman turned soldier, fought in contenintal army, persuaded french king to send 6000 more troops to help the americans
- George Washington
- french and indian war, commander of the contenintal army, influential to sucess, known for his courage
- hessians
- german mercenaries hired to fight for the british
- why lexington and concord
- British wanted to capture supplies and kill some of the militia
- Captain John Parker
- captain if militia men, won the first battle of the revolutionary war "stand your ground, dont fire upon, but if they mean to have war, let it begin here"
- King George III
- british monarch, wanted native americans as allies, "spat" on the treaty of paris and rejected the olive branch petition
- results of the war
- treaty of paris, broke soldiers, many people lost property, americans were in debt, many loyalists left the states, many deaths
- Cheif Joseph Brant
- British ally, iroquois chief
- why americans were hesitant to support the war at first
- they were unsure about their chances to win and some still felt ties to britain `
- guerilla
- a fighter who uses hit and run attacks
- rendezvous
- a meeting