Biology Study Guide Part 1 (True or False)

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F: The most common method of carbon dioxide fixation is the electron transport train. T or F
T: A phospholipids is a lipid made of a phosphate group and two fatty acids. T or F
T: In most animals, including humans, meiosis produces sperm and egg cells. T or F
T: During photosynthesis, when electrons are transferred from one molecule to another, they are usually carried by hydrogen ions and NADP+. T or F
F: Resolution is a microscope's power to increase an objects apparent size. T or F
F: When Mendel cross-pollinated two varieties from the P generation that exhibited contrasting traits, he called offspring the second filial or F2 generation. T or F
T: All living things are able to reproduce T or F
T: Receptor proteins may cause the formation of of a second messenger molecule inside a cell. T or F
F: All living things that are not bacteria are eukaryotes.
T: When cells break down, the energy from the food is temporarily stored at ATP. T or F
T: An autosomal trait will occur with frequency in both males and females. T or F
T: The amount of energy needed to cause a chemical reaction to start is called activation energy. T or F
F: An element is made up of more than one kind of atom. T or F
F: Random fertilization refers to the fact that gametes are produced independently. T or F
T: Probability is the likelihood that a certain event will occur. T or F
F: A Punnett square represents the phenotype of an organism. T or F
T: During telophase, a nuclear envelope usually surrounds each new set of chromosomes. T or F
F: Cells surface marker proteins face the inside of the cell. T or F
F: A nucleotide has four main parts. T or F
F: All genes only have two alleles. T or F
T: Unlike a gamete, a spore gives rise to a multicellular individual w/out joining w/another. T or F
T: DNA stores information that directs the activities of a cell. T or F
T: All organsims require energy to carry out life process. T or F
F: In asexual reproduction, two parents each pass copies of all their cells to their offspring. T or F
T: Scientists always take measurements using the International System of Measurements (SI). T or F
T: Adhesion is an attraction between different substances T or F
T: In active transport, energy is required to move a substance across a cell membrane. T or F
T: A theory is a hypothesis that has been proven true. T or F
T: The ability of water to retain heat helps maintain homeostasis. T or F
T: Organelles enable eukaryotic cells to carry out specialized functions. T or F
F: Cystic Fibrosis is a growth disorder of cells that occurs when cells divide uncontrollably within the body. T or F
T: Exocytosis helps the cell rid itself of wastes.
F: The control and experimental groups are designed to be identical T or F
F: Genetic engineers are trying to create crops that are less resistance to insects and microorganisms T or F
F: Meiosis in female animals results in the same number of ova as sperm that were produced be meiosis in males. T or F
F: While paired together during the second division of meiosis, two chromosomes may exchange segments of DNA. T or F
F: A paramecium is a multicellular organsim T or F
T: Genes on a chromosomes are the units of inheritance. T or F
T: A covalent bonds forms between two atoms that share electrons to form a molecule. T or F
F: The two cells produced during the first cytokinesis in female animals are approximately equal in size and contain the same amount of cytoplasm. T or F
F: Hemophilia is caused by a mutated allele that produces a defective form of the protein hemoglobin. T or F
T: The passing of traits from parents to offspring is called heredity T or F
T: Cells are highly organiszed, tiny structures T or F
T: At the conclusion of crossing-over, genetic recombination has occurred. T or F
T: ATP is the portable form of "energy currency" inside cells. T or F
T: If the offspring of a test cross all have the dominant trait, then the genotype of the individual being tested is homozygous. T or F
F: A karyotype is a type of gene. T or F
T: An atom that gains or loses one more electrons is called an ion. T or F
F: When light hits a plant, all wave lengths of light are absorbed by the chlorophyll. T or F
T: Homeostasis is the maintenance of constant internal conditions in spite of changes in the enviroment T or F
T: Meiosis produces four nuclei that have different chromosomes numbers from the parent cell. T or F
F: Trisomy is the addition or removal of a single nitrogen-containing base. T or F
T: Without enzymes, chemical reactions neccessary for life would not occur at a rate to sustain life. T or F
T: Genetic diversity is the raw material for evolution. T or F
F: Gametes are diploid so that when fertilization occurs, the resulting zygote will have the characteristic number of chromosomes for that species. T or F
F: Ribosomes are the sites of ATP production. T or F
F: The cells of animal are prokaryotic. T or F
T: DNA stores heredity information that can be used to make proteins. T or F
F: Garden peas are difficult to grow because the mature slowly. T or F
T: Autotrophs make their own organic molecules by using energy form inorganic materials or sunlight. T or F.
F: A scientist who preforms an experiment has no idea what the outcome of the experiment is going to be. T or F
F: During diffusion, molecules diffuse from a region where their concentration is low to a regoin where their concentration is higher, until the particles are evenly dispersed. T or F
F: Carbon dioxide production by yeast, which is used in the rising of bread and the carbonation of drinks, take place under aerobic conditions. T or F
F: Individuals must exhibit a trait in order for it to appear in their offspring. T or F
F: Diffusion through ion channels is a form of active transport. T or F
F: The expression of sex-linked genes is controlled by hormones. T or F
F: Moss plants have haploid life cycles. T or F
T: Receptor proteins bind to signal molecules outside the cell. T or F
T: Water will diffuse out of a cell when the cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. T or F
T: Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder caused by a defective chloride-ion transport protein. T or F
T: Down Syndrome occurs as a result of nondisjunction of chromosomes 21 during cell division. T or F
T: As a cell get larger, it's surface area-to-volume ratio decreases. T or F
T: The scanning tunneling microscope can be used to view living organisms. T or F
T: After mitosis and cytokinesis, each new cell has a complete set of the parent cells' chromosomes. T or F
T: Oogenesis occurs in females reproductive organs. T or F
F: Binary fission is a form of sexual reproduction in bacteria. T or F
F: In budding, new individuals develop from fragments of the original individual. T or F
F: A cell placed in a strong salt solution would probably burst because of osmosis. T or F
T: The only way a mutation in a reccessive gene can show up in a child born to two normal parents is for both parents to be heterozygous. T or F
T: Mendel discovered predictable patterns in the inheritance traits. T or F
F: The only difference between a plant cell and an animal cell is that plant cells have chloroplast. T or F
T: Spindles move chromosomes during cell division. T or F
F: Gametogenesis occurs only in males. T or F
T: Photosynthesis is a process that takes place in autotrophs. T or F
T: Some organism look exactly like their parents. T or F
T: In codominance, two dominant alleles are expressed at the same time. T or F
T: Chemical reactions that occur in cells are called biological reactions. T or F
T: The sodium potassium pump requires energy to move ions across the cell membrane. T or F
F: The "light reactions" of photosynthesis can occur only under light conditions, and the "dark reactions" can only occur during the dark hours. T or F
F: Heterotrophic organisms use light energy to make organic compounds. T or F
T: Organic compounds contain carbon atoms that are convantly bonded to other elements, typically hydrogen, oxygen, and other carbon atoms. T or F
F: To pass through the cell membrane, water requires carrier proteins. T or F
T: Genetic counselors often help people with a family history of genetic disorders.
T: Amoebas reproduce by fission. T or F
T: A dominant allele masks the effect of a reccessive allele. T or F
T: Roses are example of plants that have a life cycle called alternation of generations. T or F
F: Each human somatic cell contains two copies of each chromosome for a total of 23 homologous chromosomes. T or f
T: Mendel's initial experiments were monohybrid crosses. T or F
T: Lysomes contain digestive enzymes that break down proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and carbohydrates. T or F
F: Heterozygous individuals have two of the same alleles for a particular gene. T or F

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