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Music of the Caribbean Vocab

Terms

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Ethnomusicology
The study of music in relationship to the culture that produces it with the goal of understanding something of what it is like on the inside of a particular music culture. It rests between anthropology and comparative musicology.
Music Culture
A given populatioons total involvement with music (cermonial, religious, recreational, professional, commercial, etc.) One music culture may be different from another by large divisions (nationality) or smaller
Transmission
How, within culture, music is passed from individual to individual and generation to generation.
Function
Purpose for which a given piece of music is written.
Empirical Musical Culture
All the tangible material "things:" related to music that a culture produces
Enculturation
passing on of traditions from one group/generation to another
Ethnocentric
Culturally singular; remaining within the realm of a specific ethnic population
Oral Tradition
the sustaining and passing on of information by word of mouth rather than documentation
Tribal Music
Music of non-literate cultures
Cultural Accomodation
adjustments a given culturemakes in order to coexist with a more dominant culture. Accomodation can come about as the resolution of conflict.
Cultural Conquest
When a culture is brought to abandon its own traditions and take up the traditions of another culture (a population is required/led to set aside its own music/art and subscribe to that of a more dominant culture.)
Acculturation
Mutual influence of different cultures on eachother
Texture
Results from the instrumentation used in music
Singing Style
different cultures use the voice varyingly. Singing style refers to the way we use the voice in music
Syllabic
One note for each syllable of text
Melismatic
Several notes to a single syllabe of text
Non-lexical
sounds sung that are without literal meaning
Form
Refers to the overall shape of a piece
Strophic
different verbal content given to a repeating melody.
Through-composed
a song in which the music changes throughout instead of being repeated for a series of verses
Refrain
(sometimes called the chorus in pop songs) Certain lines that are repeated at regular intervalswith the music and words remaining the same at each repition
Chant
different words spoken on the same tone
Monophony
a single voice part without accompaniment other than percussion
Homophony
clear and distinct melody with definite secondary accompaniment part
Polyphony
at least two distinct melodic lines occuring simultaneously
Tempo
refers to speed in music
Melodic Range
distance between the highest and lowest note in a melody
Melodic Contour
The shape of a melody as outlined by its curves, leaps, rises, and falls.
Tone System
all the pitches used in the music of a given culture
Text
the words used in a piece of music
Style
the character that typifies music as belonging to categories and is determined by internal logic, structure, and modes of expressions
Sound Ideal
the overall sonic character that attracts or is indicative of a giv en culture. Tone color and texture are its primary components
Tone color (timbre)
the character/quality of a sound. (ex: the difference between the same note being played on a bagpipe vs. a flute)
Instrumentation/Orchestration
the instruments and sonic materials used in a piece of music
Antiphony
music performed by two alternating sources - frequently a solo voice and a chorus in a "call and response" pattern
Syncopation
occurence of accents in unexpected places
Ostinato
a musical figure that is repeated over and over again

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