Psychology Chapter 9 2
Terms
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- MOTIVE
- SPECIFIC NEED OR DESIRE, SUCH AS HUNGER, THIRST, OR ACHIEVEMENT, THAT PROMPTS GOAL-DIRECTED BEHAVIOR.
- EMOTION
- FEELING SUCH AS FEAR, JOY, OR SURPRISE THAT UNDERLIES BEHAVIOR.
- INSTINCT
- INBORN, INFLEXIBLE, GOAL-DIRECTED BEHAVIOR THAT IS CHARACTERISTIC OF AN ENTIRE SPECIES.
- DRIVE
- STATE OF TENSION OR AROUSAL THAT MOTIVATES BEHAVIOR.
- DRIVE-REDUCTION THEORY
- THEORY THAT MOTIVATED BEHAVIOR IS AIMED AT REDUCING A STATE OF BODILY TENSION OR AROUSAL AND RETURNING THE ORGANISM TO HOMEOSTASIS.
- HOMEOSTASIS
- STATE OF BALANCE AND STABILIY IN WHICH THE ORGANISM FUNCTIONS EFFECTIVELY.
- PRIMARY DRIVE
- UNLEARNED DRIVE SUCH AS HUNGER, THAT IS BASED ON A PHYSIOLOGICAL STATE.
- SECONDARY DRIVE
- LEARNED DRIVE, SUCH AS AMBITION, THAT IS NOT BASED ON A PHYSIOLOGICAL STATE.
- AROUSAL THEORY
- THEORY OF MOTIVATION THAT PROPOSE ORGANISMS SEEK AN OPTIMAL LEVEL OF AROUSAL.
- YERKE-DODSON LAW
- STATES THAT THERE IS AN OPTIMAL LEVEL OF AROUSAL FOR THE BEST PERFORMANCE OF ANY TASK; THE MORE COMPLEX THE TASK, THE LOWER THE LEVEL OF AROUSAL THAT CAN BE TOLERATED BEFORE PERFORMANCE DETERIORATES.
- INCENTIVE
- EXTERNAL STIMULUS THAT PROMPTS GOAL-DIRECTED BEHAVIOR.
- INTRINSIC MOTIVATION
- DESIRE TO PREFORM A BEHAVIOR THAT STEMS FROM THE BEHAVIOR PEFORMED.
- EXTRINSIC MOTIVATION
- DESIRE TO PERFORM A BEHAVIOR TO OBTAIN AN EXTERNAL REWARD OR AVOID PUNISHMENT.
- ANOREXIA NERVOSA
- SERIOUS EATING DISORDER THAT IS ASSOCIATED WITH AN INTENSE FEAR OF WEIGHT GAIN AND A DISTORTED BODY IMAGE.
- BULIMIA NERVOSA
- EATING DISORDER CHARACTERIZED BY BINGES OF EATING FOLLOWED BY SELF-INDUCED VOMITING.
- TESTOSTERONE
- PRIMARY MALE SEX HORMONE.
- STIMULUS MOTIVE
- UNLEARNED MOTIVE SUCH AS CURIOSITY OR CONTACT THAT PROMPTS US TO EXPLORE OR CHANGE THE WORLD AROUND US.
- AGGRESSION
- BEHAVIOR AIMED AT DOING HARM TO OTHERS, ALSO THE MOTIVE TO BEHAVE AGGRESSIVELY.
- ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVE
- NEED TO EXCEL, TO OVERCOME OBSTACLES.
- AFFILIATION MOTIVE
- NEED TO BE WITH OTHERS.
- JAMES-LANGE THEORY
- STATES THAT STIMULI CAUSE PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES IN OUR BODIES AND EMOTIONS RESULT FROM THOSE PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES.
- CANNON-BARD THEORY
- STATES THAT THE EXPERIENCE OF EMOTION OCCURS SIMULTANEOUSLY WITH BIOLOGICAL CHANGES.
- COGNITIVE THEORY
- STATES TAHT EMOTIONAL EXPERIENCE DEPENDS ON ONE'S PERCEPTION OR JUDGEMENT OF THE SITUATION ONE IS IN.
- DISPLAY RULES
- CULTURE-SPECIFIC RULES THAT GOVERN HOW, WHEN, AND WHY EXPRESSIONS OF EMOTION ARE APPROPRIATE.