Mammalogy Test stuff
Terms
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- Name and characterize the living orders of metatherians
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1. Paucituberculata
2. Didelphimorphia
3. Microbiotheria
4. Dasyuromorphia (primitive Australian marsups)
5. Notoryctemorphia
6. Peramelemorphia
7. Diprotodontia - Characterize Dasyuromorphia and Microbiotheria
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Dasyuromorphia : Dasyuroid marsups and marsup carnivores
Microbiotheria: Monito del Monte - Characterize Paucituberculata and Didelphimorphia
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Paucituberculata: Shrew opossum
Didelphimorphia: American marsup - Characterize Notoryctemorphia, Peramelemorphia, and Diprotodontia
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Notoryctemorphia: marsupial moles
Peramelemorphia: Bandicoots
and bilbies
Diprotodontia: Kangaroos, possums, wallabies, and relatives - How was New Guinea formed and what affect did it's formation have on the environment of Australia?
- New Guinea rose up when Australia crashed into SE Asia ~15 my ago. It's rise created a rain shadow affecting northern and central Australia. The climate changed and created arid regions in these areas of Australia
- Of the families of mammals we have discussed in class, which occur in New Guinea?
- Tasmanian Wolf, some Australian Bandicoots (ex Spiny bandicoot),
- Identify Myrmecobidae
- Numbat or banded anteater
- Identify Dasyuridae
- Marupsial; mice, cats and the Tasmanian devil
- What families of Monotremata and Marsupials contain taxa that are adapted to feed on ants and termites?
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Monotremata:
Family Family Tachyglossidae
Metatheria:
1. Family Dasyuridae
2. Family Myrmecobius
3. Pygmy-possums
4. Family Talpidae
5. Family Soricidae - Identify a marsupial tt's an arboreal folivore and identify its adaptations and behaviors associated w/this mode of feeding
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Koala:
-Sedentary
-Feeds only on eucalyptus and box tree leaves (and mistletoe)
-spends all its times feeding and sleeping
-digestion occurs during times of inactivity
-Hallux - Diagram the upper and molar tribosphenic molars
- ..
- Name, characterize, and identify the zoogeographic region of each of the living ordrs of metatherians and monotremata
- ..
- When did the opossum first come to VT?
- 1921
- Name and characterize the families of the order Insectivora tt occur in the US
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1. Family Talpidae:
-Desmans, moles, and
relatives
-long narrow rostrum
2. Family Soricidae (shrews)
-No zygomatic arch
-No auditory bullae
-No postorbital process - List the families and genera in each family of Insectivora that occur in VT
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1. Family Soricidae (shrews)
a. Masked shrew
b. water "
c. Smoky "
d. Long-tailed shrew
e. Pygmy shrew
f. Northern short-tailed shrew
2. Family Talpidae
a. Hairy-tailed mole
2. Star-nosed mole - Identify Dryolestoides
- First to have Tribosphenic molar and angular process of dentary
- Identify Triconodont
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-has a heterodont dentition
-cheek teeth have 3 cups, molars are triconodont - Identify Symmetrodonta
- Molars not yet Tribosphenic: 3 cups but no talonid basin (shaped like an isoceles triangle)
- Identify Thecodont
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Teeth set in a socket
ex: humans - Identify Acrodont
- Teeth sit on top of gums
- Identify Alveolus
- Socket tooth sits in
- Identify Prototheria
- Contains the monotremate but no the metatherians or eutherians
- Identify Docodonts
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Mesozoic mammals w/unclear phylogenetic placement
-heterodont dentition w/quadrate molars w/6 cusps - Identify Tarsipedidae
- Honey possum or noolbender
- Identify Acrobatidae
- Feather-tailed gliders
- Identify Thylacomyidae
- Bilbies or rabbit-eared bandicoots
- Identify Burramyidae
- Pygmy possums
- Identify Phascolarctidae
- Koala
- Identify Macropodidae
- Kangaroos, wallaroos, wallabies, and pademelons
- Identify Thylacinidae
- Tasmanian wolf
- Identify Cynocephalidae
- Culugos and flying lemurs
- Identify Dasypodidae
- armadillos
- Identify Chorio-allantonic placenta
- the placenta the embeds deeply into uterin wall and is found in eutherians
- Identify Chorio-vitelline placenta
- Primitive placenta; found in metatherians
- Identify Caenolestidae
- shrew opossum?
- Identify hypsodont
- High crowned teeth
- Identify brachyodont
- Low crowned teeth
- During wt geological time period and where did each have its origin; Metatherians, Multituberculata, Monotremata, Eutherians, Dasyuromorphia
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1. Metatherians= N.Am Cretaceous
2. Multituberc=widespread, Cret.
3. Monotremata=Australia, Cret
4. Eutheria=Asia, Cretac
5. Dasyuromorph=Australia, Eocene?? - What is a precocial young? An altricial?
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precocial= well developed at birth
a. Eyes open
b. Able to move about within a short period of time after birth
altricial:Young helpless and poorly developed at birth
a. Eyes closed
b. Naked, hairless to fully but lightly furred
c. Ears folded closed - What's reaxin
- cause reabsorption of ligaments of pubic symphysis in preparation forbirth
- What's oxytocin?
- Causes contractions of the uterus during birth