Bio Quiz Questions
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- What are the characteristics used to separate organisms into the 5 kingdoms?
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Prokaryotic/Eukaryotic
Unicellular/Multicellular
Sexual/Asexual
Mode of Nutrition - Name two members of Division Pyrrophyta
-
Red tides
Zooxanthellae -
What are the two subkingdoms of Kingdom Fungi?
What are they? -
Subkingdom Gymnomycota (Slime Molds)
Subkingdom Eumycota (True Fungi) - Define Karyogamy
-
Fusion of two nuclei
i.e. N + N --> 2N - Members of Kingdom Monera are the only creatures on earth capable of...
- fixing N2 so other organisms can use it.
- What is the Central Dogma
- DNA --> RNA --> Protein
- What is the haploid number of chromosomes for humans?
- 23
- Define the law of parsimony
- One should use the simplest solution that maeks the least amount of predicitons
- In the technique of DNA fingerprinting, when you cut DNA with restriction enzymes, you are left with digested fragments known as...
- Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms
- Define evolution
- Descent with Modificaiton
- Give the three rules of Binomial Nomenclature
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1. The genus should be a single word beginning iwht a capital letter
2. The species should be a single or compound word beginning with a small letter
3. Scientific names must be Latin/Latinized and are printed in italics or underlined if written by hand - Family trees that are drawn explicitly to show hereditary relationships
- Phylogeny
- Define homology
- Similarity in different organisms that results from their derivation form a common ancestor
- Fissure
- Narrow crack/groove in an organ/skull
- Crest
- Sharp/prominent bony ridge on a bone
- Ligaments
- Connects bone to bone
- Foramen
- Small hole where blood vessles/nerves pass through
- Condyle
- Rounded knob on a bone that articulates with another bone
- Neck
- Indented region near the end of a shaft of a long bone
- Tendons
- Connects muscle to bone
- Head
- Larger end of a long bone
- Archaeopteryx is a transitional species between...
- a bird and reptile
- Do we think Archaeopteryx could fly or glide? Give evidence.
- Archaeopteryx could only glide because it did not have a keel for muscles to attach to. Without those muscles it could not fly
- What does the location of the foramen magnum tell us about the species?
- Locomotion: Biped vs quad
- Genotype
- Genetic composition of an orgamism
- DNA
- Genetic material of all organisms
- Phenotype
- Observable characteristics of an organism
- Gene
- Unit of heredity
- Diploid
- Having two sets of each chromosome
- Haploid
- Having a single copy of each chromosome
- What are Purines?
- Adenine and guanine
- What are Pyrimidines
-
Thymine
Cytosine - What is the purpose of the cDNA probe?
- It highlights with radiation the fragments of DNA so they can be seen with an x-ray, and it finds and binds to specific RFLP
- In Eukaryotic organisms, the ... is a linear structure located in the cell nucleus; contains genes
- Chromosome
- What are the two main processes that lead to evolution?
-
Natural seleciton
Random genetic drift - What three conditions must be met for natural selection to occur?
-
Heritability
Variability
Differential capacity for survival and reproduction - What is the 67%-95%-99% rule?
- 1-2-3 standard deviations
- W=1 means...
- Species is most fit
- S=1 means...
- Species is least fit
- How do we quantify natural selection?
- By comparing species using Darwining fitness (relative fitness), such as finding the values of S and W.
- Genetic drift occurs when
- Random effects opearte on the frequency of a trait.
- What is the difference between Natural and Artificial selection?
-
Natural classification is based on natural laws, such as two species having homologous structures
Artificial classification is simply a practical means of classificaiton, such as classifying two things together beacause they are both yellow. - List the 5 characterisitcs that separate Monocots and Dicots.
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Dicot: Two cotyledons; Netted vein pattern; vascular bundle arrangement in a ring; flower parts in 4's and 5's; tap root
Monocot: One cotyledon; paralell vein pattern; vascular bundle arrangement scattered; flower parts in 3's; fibrous roots - Layer of actively dividing cells beneath the bark of dicots
- Cambium
- Heart shaped gametophyte in the fern life cycle
- Prothallium
- Unique event occurs only in Angiosperms
- Double Fertilization
- Ferns have what instead of seeds?
- Sori
- Vascular plants belong to what Subkingdom and Division
-
Embryomycota
Tracheophyta - Three conditions necessary for Natural Selection.
- Variability, Heredity, Differential Capacity for Survival & Reproduction