Ch. 3 History Vocab
Terms
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- Nirvana
- in Buddhism, the release from pain and suffering achieved after enlightenment
- Palestine
- a region at the eastern end of the Mediterranean Sea
- Jainism
- a religion founded in India in the 6th century BC, whose members believe that everything in the universe has a soul and therefore should not be harmed
- Siddhartha Gautama
- the founder of Buddhism
- Judah
- the southern part of the "Israeli Kingdom"
- Canaan
- the ancient home of the Hebrews, later called the Jews
- Minoans
- a seafaring and trading people that lived on the island of Crete from about 2000-1400 BC
- Brahmin
- in Aryan society, a member of the social class made up of priests
- Vedas
- 4 collections of sacred writings produced by Aryans during an early stage of their settlement in India
- Anatolia
- the southwest Asian peninsula now occupied by the Asian part of Turkey- also called Asia Minor
- Migration
- the act of moving from one place to another
- Torah
- the first 5 books in the Bible and considered the most sacred
- Aryans
- an Indo-European people who, about 1500BC, began to migrate into the Indian subcontinent
- Karma
- in Hinduism and Buddhism, the totality of the good and bad deeds performed by a person, which is believed to determine his or her fate after rebirth
- Monotheism
- a belief in a single god
- Reincarnation
- in Hinduism and Buddhism, the process by which a soul is reborn continuously until it achieves perfect understanding
- Enlightenment
- in Buddhism, a state of perfect wisdom in which one understands basic truths about the universe
- Moses
- he led the Hebrews out of slavery
- Covenant
- a mutual promise or agreement-especially an agreement between God and the Hebrew people as recorded in the Bible
- Caste
- one of the 4 classes of people in the social system of the Aryans who settled in India- priests, warriors, peasants or traders, and non-Aryan laborers or craftsmen
- Hittites
- an Indo-European people who settled in Anatolia around 2000BC
- Tribute
- a payment made by a weaker power to a stronger power to obtain an assurance of peace and security
- Israel
- the new kingdom that was united under Saul, David, and Solomon
- Phoenicians
- a seafaring people of Southwest Asia, who around 1100BC began to trade and established colonies throughout the Mediterranean region
- Indo-Europeans
- a group of seminomadic peoples who, about 1700 BC, began to migrate from what is now southern Russia to the Indian subcontinent, Europe, and southwest Asia
- Steppes
- dry, grass-covered plains
- King Minos
- a king of the Minoans who legend has it owned a half-human, half-bull monster called the "Minotaur"
- Knossos
- the Minoans' capital city
- Abraham
- the "father" of the Hebrew people, chosen by God
- Aegean Sea
- a sea in the Mediterranean Region