History Capter 2
Terms
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- Cabral
- sailed to Brazil and claimed it for Portugal
- Pizarro
- conquered the Incas
- Columbus
- Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain fiananced his trip
- creoles
- people born in the Americas of Spainish parents
- Henry the VIII
- broke away from the Catholic Church because Pope Clement VII would not allow a divorse and formed the Church of England
- defeating Natives
- the Spanish were able to do this because they had guns, cannons, horses, assistance from Native Americans, and disease
- Netherlands
- established by the Dutch, center of their colony- New Amsterdam
- missions
- religious communities that usually included a small town, surronding farmland, and a Church
- Cortez
- conquered the Aztecs
- mestizos
- people of Spanish and Native American parents
- pueblos
- towns that were established as centers of trade
- peninsulares
- people who had been born in Spain
- Diaz
- discovered the Cape of Good Hope
- Conquistadors
- Spanish explorers and established settlements in America
- cartographer
- mapmaker
- line of demarcation
- an imaginary line running down the Atlantic from the North Pole to the South Pole
- Renaissance
- period of intellectual and artistic creativity in Europe {rebirth}
- mullatoes
- people of Spanish and black descent
- carval
- three-masted ship
- crusades
- wars fought by the Europeans to regain control of the holy sites {there were 9}
- Cabot
- England used his voyages as a basis for claims in North America
- Incas
- leader- Atahualpa
- astrolabe
- measured the position of the stars and helped sailers to navigate
- Casas
- attempted to achieve laws to protect the Native American from cruel treatment
- new routes to Asia
- Europeans did this because Arab merchants were charging high prices for goods
- Leon
- hoping to find the fountian of youth
- Martin Luther
- lead the reformation
- Vikings
- known as the Norsemen
- St. Augustine
- oldest city in US that was settled by the Europeans
- Balboa
- first European to see the Pacific Ocean
- presidio
- fort, usually built near a mission
- Marco Polo
- famous traveler who spent 17 years in China
- Aztecs
- leader- Montezuma
- columbian exchange
- exchange of goods, ideas, and people between Europe and the Americas
- Henry the Navigator
- prince of Portugal who was interested in exploration and finding a new route to Asia
- sagas
- long tales about Viking adventures
- goals for the Spanish
- gain land, acquire gold, and convert people to Christianity
- reformation
- new churches and religions formed after breaking away from the Catholic Church
- mercantilism
- theory that states a nations power is based on its wealth
- Magellan
- crew was the first to sail around the world
- Champlain
- Established Quebec
- northwest passage
- water route to Asia through North America sought by European explorers
- Gama
- reached the west coast of India
- Minit
- purchased Manhatten Island from the Indians, cost 60 Dutch guilders in goods {dutch coins}