Super Quizlet
Terms
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- Habitation:
- First building at Quebec built by Champlain.
- Wampum:
- Used among the Iroquoians both as money and as a record of treaties.
- Mohawk:
- A tribe in the Iroquois Confederacy.
- Quebec Act:
- Signed in 1774, intended to reorganize the way these British territories were governed.
- King Louis XIV:
- King of France.
- Poundmaker:
- Plains Cree chief, was a prominent figure in the North-West Rebellion of 1885.
- The Metis:
- They consist of descendants of marriages of Woodland Cree, Ojibway, Saulteaux, and Menominee aboriginals to French Canadians, Scots and English.
- Act of Union:
- This act united Upper and Lower Canada into one colony.
- Status Indians:
- Have full privileges as Canadian citizens as well as special rights as Indians. In turn, they are divided between treaty Indians, and Registered Indians.
- Acadia:
- French colony in Nova Scotia.
- Sun Dance:
- A dance where the Plains Indian sought a vision to guide them for the rest of their lives.
- Jacques Cartier:
- French explorer.
- Smallpox:
- A contagious disease unique to humans.
- Intendant:
- He was responsible for the daily economic affairs of the colony.
- Loyalists American:
- Colonists who remained loyal to the British king.
- Royal Proclamation:
- Signed in 1763. meant to protect Natives from uncontrolled white settlements.
- Subarctic:
- A huge area of North America which spreads from Alaska in the west to the Maritimes in the East.
- Thirteen Colonies:
- British colonies to the south of Quebec.
- Mississippi River:
- River system in the mid part of United States.
- Igloo:
- The Inuit word for snowhouse.
- Responsible government:
- A system which requires that government ministers should be elected members of the legislative assembly, not appointed by the governor.
- Alexander Mackenzie:
- Was a Scottish-Canadian explorer.
- Simon Fraser:
- A fur trader and an explorer who charted much of what is now the Canadian province of British Columbia.
- Hurons:
- Indian tribe which allied with the French in a war against the Iroquois.
- Mackenzie River:
- Originates in Great Slave Lake, in the Northwest Territories, and flows north into the Arctic Ocean.
- Lord Selkirk:
- A Scottish philanthropist who sponsored immigrant settlements in Canada at the Red River Colony.
- Donnaconna:
- Leader of the Iroquois Indians during Cartier's voyage.
- Travois:
- Made of two crossed poles pulled behind a horse for carrying loads.
- Seigneur:
- He was the owner of a large piece of land.
- James Cook:
- An English explorer, navigator and cartographer.
- Peter Pond:
- Was a soldier with a Connecticut regiment, a fur trader, founding member of the North West Company, an explorer and cartographer.
- Bishop:
- He was in charge of the church.
- Jean Talon:
- First intendant of New France.
- Louis Riel:
- Metis leader of the Manitoba and North-West rebellions.
- Lieutenant-Governor:
- Head of government in Quebec.
- Huronia:
- Homeland of the Huron Indians.
- Dispersal:
- The act or process of spread out or the condition of being disperse.
- Red River Settlement:
- A colonization project set up by Thomas Douglas, 5th Earl of Selkirk in 1811 on 300,000 km² of land granted to him by the Hudson's Bay Company.
- Batoche:
- Site of the battle which saw the defeat of the Metis forces during the North-West Rebellion.
- Geology:
- The scientific study of the origin, history, and structure of the earth.
- Republican:
- Form of government opposing the monarchy.
- Treaty of Paris:
- This treaty ended the Seven Years War.
- The Assiniboine:
- Also known by the Ojibwe name Asiniibwaan "Stone Sioux", and the Cree as Asinîpwât are a Native Canadian/First Nations people originally from the Northern Great Plains area of Canada, specifically in present-day Saskatchewan and parts of Saskatchewan Alberta and southwestern Manitoba around the US/Canadian border.
- Culture area:
- An area where people share many features of the same culture.
- George Simpson:
- A Scots-Quebecer and employee of the Hudson's Bay Company (HBC). His title was Governor-in-Chief of Rupert's Land and the Indian Territories in British North America (now Canada) from 1821 to 1860.
- York Boat:
- An inland boat used by the Hudson's Bay Company to carry furs and trade goods along inland waterways in Canada.
- Democracy:
- Government by the people, exercised either directly or through elected representative.
- Canoe:
- They were used by the First Nations and later by the explorers and fur traders for travelling throughout Canada.
- Lord Durham:
- He was sent to investigate the causes of the rebellions and to propose changes.
- Thanadelthur:
- Young Chipewyan woman who was one of the most outstanding female diplomats of the fur trade and acted as guide, interpreter and peace negotiator for Governor Knight of the Hudson's Bay Company at York Factory.
- Great Famine:
- Result of the potato blight in Ireland in the 1840's.
- Norsemen:
- First Europeans to reach North America.
- Maize:
- Tall annual cereal grass bearing kernels on large ears.
- Family Compact:
- Wealthy ruling group who controlled Upper Canada.
- William Lyon Mackenzie:
- Leader of the reformers in Upper Canada.
- Great Migration:
- Period of immigration to Canada from 1815 to 1850.
- American Revolution:
- British settlers who rebelled against England in the Thirteen Colonies.
- Non-status Indians:
- Although they have Indian ancestors, have lost their special rights for a variety of reasons.
- Culture:
- The way a group of people live.
- La Verendrye:
- French-Canadian explorer who established a chain of trading posts in New France, thus breaking Britain's economic stronghold on the region.
- Filles du Roi:
- Orphan girls under the protection of the king.
- The Cree:
- A member of a North American Indian people of Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Montana.
- Louis-Joseph Papineau:
- Leader of the French in the assembly in Lower Canada.
- Potlatch:
- A feast at which the host gave away many gifts.
- Rupertsland:
- Land given to Hudson Bay in North-west Canada.
- Chateau Clique:
- Wealthy ruling group who controlled Lower Canada.
- Hudson Bay Company:
- English corporation, formed in 1670, which held a monopoly over trade in the region watered by streams flowing into Hudson Bay in Canada.
- Squash:
- A field crop grown by the Huron First Nation.
- Champlain:
- The "father of New France," was born between 1567 and 1570 in the town of Brouage, a seaport on France's west coast and died in 1635 in Québec.
- The Mandans:
- A Native American people formerly living in villages along the Missouri River in south-central North Dakota, with present-day descendants on Lake Sakakawea in west-central North Dakota.
- Thomas Scott:
- Irish labourer executed by Riel and the Metis for treason against the new provisional government.
- Metis:
- Inhabitants of the area around Red River. They were of mixed blood-French and Scottish fur traders and natives.
- Halifax:
- The main British naval port in the West Atlantic in1749.
- Industrial Revolution:
- Change in technology, brought about by improvements in machinery and by use of steam power.
- HBC:
- Hudson Bay Company.
- Battle of Seven Oaks:
- Took place on June 19th 1816 during the long dispute between the Hudson's Bay Company and the North West Company, rival fur-trading companies in western Canada.
- monopoly:
- Exclusive control of a commodity or a service in a particular market, or a control that makes possible the manipulation of prices.
- Stadacona:
- Site of present day Quebec City.
- CPR:
- Canadian Pacific Railway.
- McDougall:
- First lieutenant-general of Manitoba.
- Kanata:
- This means village in the Iroquois language.
- Hochelaga:
- Site of present day Montreal.
- John Schultz:
- Leader of the Canadian Party in the Red River colony.
- Nonsuch:
- Was the ketch that sailed into Hudson Bay in 1668-1669, in the first trading voyage for what was to become the Hudson's Bay Company two years later.
- Coureurs de bois:
- A French or French-Indian trapper of North America, esp. of Canada.
- Champlain:
- French explorer who first colonized New France.
- Nootka:
- An Aboriginal tribe on the west coast.
- provisional:
- A government that holds temporary authority pending the creation of a permanent structure of government.
- New France:
- Name of French colony in Canada.
- Hudson Bay Company:
- Founded in 1670 in London, England, by a group of British merchants eager to exploit the resources of northern Canada.
- Buffalo:
- The most important source of food on the plains.
- Wolseley:
- Commander of the Canadian Red River force.
- Christopher Columbus:
- European who reached the islands of the Caribbean in 1492.
- Hudson Bay:
- A large (1.23 million km²), relatively shallow body of water in northeastern Canada.
- Red River Cart:
- A large, two-wheeled cart drawn by oxen and made entirely of wood, usually oak.
- Manitoba Act:
- Created the new self-governing province of Manitoba in 1871.
- Battle of the Plains of Abraham:
- Quebec was captured after this battle.
- The Company of 100 Associates:
- Had a monopoly to trade furs in New France.
- Totem poles:
- Built by west coast tribes to honor their family.
- Blackfoot:
- The strongest Aboriginal nation on the plains.
- Pemmican:
- A concentrated food consisting of dried pulverized beef, dried berries, and rendered fat.
- Gabriel Dumont:
- Riel's military leader.
- Habitant:
- A farmer in New France
- Seigneurie:
- They were long, narrow rectangles facing the waters of a major river or lake.
- Coniferous:
- Trees that bear cone.